Investigation of Raman spectra and ionic conductivity of composites based on NaClO4 and KClO4 salts obtained by mechanoactivation

The work is aimed at studying the effect of mechanical activation on the structure and electrical conductivity of the NaClO4 – and KClO4 – basedcomposites. Based on the result of the analysis of the DSC curves of the (1–x) NaClO4 – x Al2O3 and (1–x) KClO4 – x Al2O3 composites measured while heating and cooling the samples, it was established that the enthalpy of phase transitions in them decreased with an increase in the concentration of the nanosized dopant. A complication of all active vibrational contours corresponding to internal vibrations of the molecular anion in the composites with increasing Al2O3 concentration and a shift of the band of the fully symmetric stretching vibration v1 (A) to a low-frequency region was revealed by Raman spectroscopy. Based on electrochemical impedance spectroscopy data, it was determined that for the 0.4NaClO4 – 0.6Al2O3 system subjected to mechanoactivation, the values of specific ionic conductivity increased by two orders of magnitude as compared to that of pure NaClO4, while for the 0.4KClO4 – 0.6Al2O3 system, the values of specific ionic conductivity increased by three orders of magnitude as compared to the initial salt at T = 320 °C.https://doi.org/10.15826/elmattech.2024.3.03

Application of theory of petri network in modelling and control of integrated computer-aided manufacturing (at the example of evaporators manufacturing)

The Petri networks as the body of modelling and control of the integrated computer-aided manufacturing (ICAM) were investigated with the aim of the development of methodological basis of application of the above Petri networks in modelling and control of ICAM to be further used in the creation of the ICAM of evaporators. As a result the above methodological basis was developed. Three formalisms were suggested. The modified basis Petri networks were developed as well as the model for computerization of design of structures and control systems of ICAM and its architecture. Algorithms of functioning, control and diagnostics were also developed as well as applied programms and microprocessor control system. The results obtained were introduced into practiceAvailable from VNTIC / VNTIC - Scientific & Technical Information Centre of RussiaSIGLERURussian Federatio

TO THE FAUNA OF TICKS OF THE REPUBLIC OF DAGHESTAN

Aim. The human factor has a significant influence on the development cycles of flora and fauna in the republic, including ticks, in which life cycles are associated with parasitization of agricultural animals, where biotopes are farm buildings, virgin and fallow pastures. Global changes in agriculture over the past two decades have led to an increase in natural pastures, reduction in the areas of sowing grasses, an increase in biotope areas and a number of parasitic ticks on animals. In this regard, we set a goal to study the ecological and biological features of the distribution of biotopes of arthropod parasites in the republic. Material and methods. The material of the study was ticks collected from cattle, sheep and horses in various zones. Collection of ticks was carried out by epizootic and regular methods. Observations, using the direct collection method, have been carried out for 7 years. Results. The researches revealed the presence of 4 genera of Ixodes ticks in the Republic: Hyalomma, Boophilus, Rhipicephalus and Dermacentor, and the genus Hyalomma occurs mainly in the Tersko-Sulak lowland, the rest can be discovered throughout the territory of Chechnya. Their species composition is represented by H. scupense, H. anatolicum, H. marginatum, H. plumbeum; B. annulatus; D. reticulatus, D. marginatus, D. daghestanicus and R. bursa. Conclusion. Through the infected eggs of the tick, further infection of the larvae takes place, which in turn, after molting, turn into the nymph and infect healthy animals, as well as the adult. The natural and climatic conditions of the Republic favor such a cycle of development of ticks

High-temperature multilevel sterilization of canned goods with heat recovery and its constructive and technological support

New technical solutions improving the process of thermal sterilization of canned products through the use of multilevel high-temperature modes and heat recovery have been considered and proposed. The essence of the developed method lies in the fact that the heat released by cooling cans with the product that has undergone thermal sterilization is used to heat other cans with the product queued for sterilization. In this mode of heat treatment, except in the last stage, the heat emitted by cooled cans that have already undergone heat treatment is used to heat up the canned food. Hence, the use of the principle of heat recovery by cooling canned products in the baths where others are simultaneously heated provides a significant saving of heat energy and water. Depending on the temperature parameters at different stages of the heat treatment, the heat recovery rate can reach up to 90%. The method also provides savings on cooling water. For the practical implementation of the developed method, the design of the device for multilevel high-temperature thermal sterilization of canned food with heat recovery has been developed. On the basis of experimental studies, new, multilevel high-temperature modes of apple compote sterilization have been developed

Long-Term Multilocal Monitoring of Leaf Rust Resistance in the Spring Bread Wheat Genetic Resources from Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR)

Triticum aestivum L. (bread wheat) is the most important cereal crop in world grain production, including in the territory of the Russian Federation. One of the most important factors influencing the yield and quality of wheat grain is the affection of plants with leaf rust (Puccinia triticina Erikss.). To broaden the set of sources for effective rust resistance, spring bread wheat samples from N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR) were monitored for adult resistance to the disease under natural infections for many decades at three distant locations of the Russian Federation: the Dagestan Experimental Station (DES) of VIR (10,549 accessions), Yekaterinino Experimental Station (YES) (4384 accessions), and Pushkin Experimental Field (PEF) (7704 accessions). Information on the disease development at these three stations is presented at least for 51 last years. As a result of disease development evaluation under natural epiphytotic conditions for not less than 3 years, 293 (15 landraces, 127 breeding lines, and 151 commercial varieties), 118 (1 landrace, 38 breeding lines, and 79 commercial varieties), and 127 (10 landraces, 48 breeding lines, and 69 commercial varieties) samples were classified as resistant to leaf rust at DES, YES, and PEF, respectively. Among samples from the State Register of Breeding Achievements in Russia, 15, 13, and 8 spring wheat varieties were resistant to leaf rust at DES, YES, and PEF, respectively. Juvenile resistance was estimated under laboratory conditions after seedling inoculation with a complex population of P. triticina: 73 highly resistant varieties and breeding lines were identified; all landraces, including those classified as resistant in the fields, were susceptible to disease at the seedling stage. A total of 26 wheat accessions were identified to be resistant to leaf rust at two to three locations; 14 of them possess adult resistance, and 12 samples have seedling resistance. According to results of PCR amplification with primers specific to markers of effective genes for leaf rust resistance, 6 accessions have gene Lr9, 1 sample is protected by Lr19, and 1 sample possesses gene Lr24. Wheat samples identified as possessing effective seedling or adult resistance could be of interest for breeding in some regions of the Russian Federation and other countries

Long-Term Multilocal Monitoring of Leaf Rust Resistance in the Spring Bread Wheat Genetic Resources from Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR)

Triticum aestivum L. (bread wheat) is the most important cereal crop in world grain production, including in the territory of the Russian Federation. One of the most important factors influencing the yield and quality of wheat grain is the affection of plants with leaf rust (Puccinia triticina Erikss.). To broaden the set of sources for effective rust resistance, spring bread wheat samples from N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR) were monitored for adult resistance to the disease under natural infections for many decades at three distant locations of the Russian Federation: the Dagestan Experimental Station (DES) of VIR (10,549 accessions), Yekaterinino Experimental Station (YES) (4384 accessions), and Pushkin Experimental Field (PEF) (7704 accessions). Information on the disease development at these three stations is presented at least for 51 last years. As a result of disease development evaluation under natural epiphytotic conditions for not less than 3 years, 293 (15 landraces, 127 breeding lines, and 151 commercial varieties), 118 (1 landrace, 38 breeding lines, and 79 commercial varieties), and 127 (10 landraces, 48 breeding lines, and 69 commercial varieties) samples were classified as resistant to leaf rust at DES, YES, and PEF, respectively. Among samples from the State Register of Breeding Achievements in Russia, 15, 13, and 8 spring wheat varieties were resistant to leaf rust at DES, YES, and PEF, respectively. Juvenile resistance was estimated under laboratory conditions after seedling inoculation with a complex population of P. triticina: 73 highly resistant varieties and breeding lines were identified; all landraces, including those classified as resistant in the fields, were susceptible to disease at the seedling stage. A total of 26 wheat accessions were identified to be resistant to leaf rust at two to three locations; 14 of them possess adult resistance, and 12 samples have seedling resistance. According to results of PCR amplification with primers specific to markers of effective genes for leaf rust resistance, 6 accessions have gene Lr9, 1 sample is protected by Lr19, and 1 sample possesses gene Lr24. Wheat samples identified as possessing effective seedling or adult resistance could be of interest for breeding in some regions of the Russian Federation and other countries