“WAS IT HIS MILK”? A CASE REPORT OF CHLORPYRIFOS AND CYPERMETHRIN MIXED POISONING IN A TODDLER.

Introduction: The prevalence of organophosphate poisoning has been increasing over the years, with significant hospitalization following the introduction of various pesticides. The inception of different regulating agencies against organophosphate utilization has been effective in developed countries, unlike low- and middle-income countries. Continuous monitoring of vulnerable populations, such as children, and depressed and anxious individuals, is necessary for reducing poisoning cases. Case: We discussed a 2-year and 6-month-old male child who was previously healthy and was brought into our pediatric emergency unit of a general hospital with a history of ingestion of fluid that he thought was milk. We present the sequelae of events from the ingestion of the substance until discharge from the facility. Additionally, we elaborate on the different preparations for managing any toddler with organophosphate poisoning. Conclusion: Appropriate use of these compounds, instruction of the public about their harmful effects, and restriction of their uncontrolled sales by legal regulations can reduce the incidence of organophosphate poisoning. Promoting emergency management strategies among parents concerning the management of acute poisoning is vital in promoting better children’s outcomes. Recommendation: Heath regulation bodies must take an interest in educating health workers and the community concerning organophosphate poisoning and its management, especially in a limited resource setting

DEGLUTITION SYNCOPE IN A HEALTHY 9-YEAR-OLD BOY: FIRST OF ITS KIND IN AFRICA. A CASE REPORT AND LITERATURE REVIEW.

Introduction Deglutition syncope, also known as swallow syncope is a rear form of situation syncope. It’s a neurally-mediated reflex that occurs during swallowing. This condition has been associated with various esophageal disorders such as esophageal spasm, stricture, and esophageal cancer. In other cases, the cause remains unknown. Case Report In this case report, we present the timeline of a healthy 9-year-old boy with deglutition syncope, a rare entity, and the first of its kind in the Sub-Saharan region. Conclusion Despite its rarity, healthcare professionals ought to consider deglutition syncope as a diagnosis of exclusion especially in the face of unexplained syncope. Because of associated life-threatening bradycardia, knowledge of the clinical manifestation is equally important for early diagnosis, and institution of care to avert death

Prevalence and pattern of retinopathy of prematurity at two national referral hospitals in Uganda: A cross-sectional study

Background: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a leading cause of blindness in children and an ROP epidemic is predicted this decade in sub-Saharan Africa. With the increasing survival rate of preterm babies in Uganda, and no data on ROP prevalence, there is a need to assess the burden of ROP to inform preventive strategies and targeted screening. Methods: We conducted a two-center cross-sectional study of preterm ( Results: 331 preterm infants enrolled in this study. The oxygen received was unblended. The mean gestational age was 30.4 ± 2.7 weeks, and the mean birth weight was 1597 ± 509 g. 18/101 (17.8%) were found to have any ROP amongst the preterm infants recruited from MSWNH, 1/230 (0.4%) from KNRH [95% CI] had any stage of ROP (i.e. stage 5). Of these, 8 (42.1%) had stage 2 ROP. Infants with a birth weight below 1500 g were 10 times more likely to have ROP than those among infants with a birth weight more than 1500 g [AOR: 10.07 (2.71-37.44)]. Infants who were not fed exclusively on breast milk had higher odds of having ROP than those exclusively fed on breast milk [AOR: 7.82(1.92-31.82)]. Conclusion: 6% of preterm infants born in two tertiary hospitals in Uganda were found to have ROP. Lack of exclusive feeding on breast milk and birth weight of less than 1500 g were strong predictors of ROP. The higher prevalence of ROP in MSWNH calls for cautious use of oxygen among preterms. We recommend targeted ROP screening for those at risk.</p

Prevalence and pattern of retinopathy of prematurity at two national referral hospitals in Uganda : a cross-sectional study

Abstract: Background Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a leading cause of blindness in children and an ROP epidemic is predicted this decade in sub-Saharan Africa. With the increasing survival rate of preterm babies in Uganda, and no data on ROP prevalence, there is a need to assess the burden of ROP to inform preventive strategies and targeted screening.Methods We conducted a two-center cross-sectional study of preterm (< 37 weeks gestational age) infants from the neonatal units of Kawempe National Referral Hospital (KNRH) and Mulago Specialised Women and Neonatal Hospital (MSWNH) from August 2022 to October 2022. An ophthalmologist examined all participants using an indirect ophthalmoscope with a + 20D convex lens and captured digital images using a Volk iNview (TM) Fundus Camera. The collected data were entered into Epidata 4.2 and exported to Stata 14.0 for analysis.Results 331 preterm infants enrolled in this study. The oxygen received was unblended. The mean gestational age was 30.4 +/- 2.7 weeks, and the mean birth weight was 1597 +/- 509 g. 18/101 (17.8%) were found to have any ROP amongst the preterm infants recruited from MSWNH, 1/230 (0.4%) from KNRH [95% CI] had any stage of ROP (i.e. stage 5). Of these, 8 (42.1%) had stage 2 ROP. Infants with a birth weight below 1500 g were 10 times more likely to have ROP than those among infants with a birth weight more than 1500 g [AOR: 10.07 (2.71-37.44)]. Infants who were not fed exclusively on breast milk had higher odds of having ROP than those exclusively fed on breast milk [AOR: 7.82(1.92-31.82)].Conclusion 6% of preterm infants born in two tertiary hospitals in Uganda were found to have ROP. Lack of exclusive feeding on breast milk and birth weight of less than 1500 g were strong predictors of ROP. The higher prevalence of ROP in MSWNH calls for cautious use of oxygen among preterms. We recommend targeted ROP screening for those at risk