Os desafios para o controle da mosca sul americana.

bitstream/item/82809/1/MAFRA-NETO-Agapomi-n228p10-2013.pd

Observation of the Kohn anomaly near the K point of bilayer graphene

The dispersion of electrons and phonons near the K point of bilayer graphene was investigated in a resonant Raman study using different laser excitation energies in the near infrared and visible range. The electronic structure was analyzed within the tight-binding approximation, and the Slonczewski-Weiss-McClure (SWM) parameters were obtained from the analysis of the dispersive behavior of the Raman features. A softening of the phonon branches was observed near the K point, and results evidence the Kohn anomaly and the importance of considering electron-phonon and electron-electron interactions to correctly describe the phonon dispersion in graphene systems.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure

Laboratory evaluation of the effects of Attract & Kill formulations on Anastrepha Fraterculus.

A new atract & kill (A&K) formulation was dcveloped by ISCA Tccnologias to control fruit flies, In laboratory tests, we compared the efficacy of this new formulation with three cornrnercial products used by fruit growers in southern Brazil. Mortality tests were performed with Anastrepha fraterculus (Diptera: Tephntidae) and results showed that the effecuveness of Anarosa forrnulations was directly proportional to increasing dose of insecticide. Formulations containing organophosphates and cypennethrin produced similar mortality results. The Anarosa formulations, regardless of the insecticide dose, were more effective than GF 120 for A, fraterculus control.Resumo

Feromônios sexuais no manejo de insetos-praga na fruticultura de clima temperado.

bitstream/item/95271/1/Feromonios-ULTIMA-VERSAO-08-07-2013.pdf; bitstream/item/95273/1/Capa-Feromonios.pd

Assessment of SPLAT formulations to control Grapholita molesta (Lepidoptera:Tortricidae) in a Brazilian apple orchard.

Mating disruption is a technique that uses synthetic copies of sex pheromones to control insect pests. We aimed to control Oriental fruit moth (OFM) Grapholita molesta (Busck) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) with formulations of SPLAT Grafo (SG) and SPLAT Grafo Attract and Kill (SGAK) in small (1 ha) apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) orchards. Our experiment was conducted in a commercial orchard with Gala trees (spacing 1.5 × 4.5 m) in Vacaria, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil. We evaluated the effect of four treatments on G. molesta population densities: a) SG at 1 kg ha-1 (300 point sources of 3.3 g each), b) SGAK at 1 kg ha-1 (1000 point sources of 1 g each), c) insecticides as recommended by Integrated Apple Production (IAP), and d) untreated control (no treatment). Specialized Pheromone and Lure Application Technology (SPLAT) treatments were applied on 1 August 2004 and reapplied after 120 d (1 December 2004). The treatment effect was evaluated by weekly counts of males captured in Delta traps baited with commercial synthetic sex pheromone lures (eight traps per treatment). We assessed fruit damage caused by G. molesta in eight replicates of 200 fruits each on 26 October, 30 November 2004, and 5 and 31 January 2005. Applying 1 kg ha-1 of SG and SGAK in August and December 2004 significantly reduced the number of male moths caught in Delta traps. Damage to fruits at harvest, however, did not differ significantly from the control. This indicates a decline in the efficacy of mating disruption when SG and SGAK are used to protect small areas (1 ha) under high Oriental fruit moth pressure

Integrated control of two tortricid (Lepidoptera) pests in apple orchards with sex pheromones and insecticides.

The apple is attacked by a significant number of insect pests in Brazilian commercial orchards, including Bonagota salubricola and Grapholita molesta (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). Sexual disruption of B. salubricola and G. molesta was evaluated in apple orchard using the flowable pheromone formulations, SPLAT Grafo+Bona (SG+B), SPLAT Attract and Kill Grafo+Bona (SAKG+B), and compared with the standard insecticides used for management in the Integrated Apple Production (IAP) system. Both formulations were applied at a rate of 1kg/ha on October 10, 2005 and December 13, 2005 using 300 and 1000 point sources/ha of SG+B and SAKG+B, respectively in experimental units of 7 ha. Adult male captures of B. salubricola and G. molesta were evaluated weekly in Delta traps with specific synthetic sex pheromone from October 10, 2005 to February 14, 2006. Damage to fruits was evaluated on November 21 and December 21, 2005, and January 25 and February 14, 2006. In the SPLAT treated experimental units a significant reduction was observed in the number of B. salubricola and G. molesta males caught in Delta traps compared to the experimental unit IAP. Damage by B. salubricola at harvest ranged from 1.63 to 4.75% with no differences between treatments, while damage by G. molesta was near zero in all experimental units. Mating disruption using SG+B and SAKG+B was sufficient to control B. salubricola and G. molesta with results equivalent to IAP guidelines. This technology is promising for management of both pests in Brazilian apple orchards with immediate reduction of 43% in the number of insecticide applications

The advantages of semiochemical-based attract and kill techniques in insect pest management.

Introduction: Semiochemicals (chemicals impacting insect behavior) have been employed in species-specific, ecologically friendly insect pest control strategies through a wide variety of mechanisms, many of which do not require the application of conventional insecticides. These include mating disruption?application of sex pheromones in such a way that male insects are unable to locate a female mate, reducing the size of the pest population in the treated area over time?mass trapping, and repellency. However, semiochemical attractants can also be used in combination with small amounts of chemical toxicants, a strategy called attract and kill (A&K)

The advantages of semiochemical-based attract and kill techniques in insect pest management: agricultural case studies.

Introduction: While the advantages of semiochemical-based pest control technologies over traditional insecticides are well-documented (reduced hazards to non-targets and the environment, lower risk of resistance, etc.), many strategies employing these behavior-manipulating compounds to protect agricultural crops are relegated to small niche markets,due to their limited applicability. Since most semiochemicals are species-specific, they can usually target only one pest at a time. However, this is not always the case, as we will demonstrate through this discussion of four of ISCA Technologies? attract and kill (A&K) formulations

Semiochemical attractants for fruit flies of agricultural importance.

Introduction: Fruit flies are among the most damaging agricultural pests worldwide. To combat their devastating impacts on a wide variety of crops, most growers rely on organophosphate insecticides to manage these pests in their fields. Overuse of organophosphates has been implicated in secondary pest outbreaks, negative impacts on beneficial insects, environmental contamination, hazards to human health, and resistance development. With increasingly stringent regulations limiting use of these insecticides, growers have been challenged with finding more effective, sustainable fruit fly control techniques

Clinical characteristics of women diagnosed with carcinoma who tested positive for cervical and anal high-risk human papillomavirus DNA and E6 RNA

High-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) is an essential cause of cervical carcinoma and is also strongly related to anal cancer development. The hrHPV E6 oncoprotein plays a major role in carcinogenesis. We aimed to evaluate the frequency of hrHPV DNA and E6 oncoprotein in the anuses of women with cervical carcinoma. We analyzed 117 women with cervical cancer and 103 controls for hrHPV and the E6 oncogene. Positive test results for a cervical carcinoma included 66.7 % with hrHPV-16 and 7.7 % with hrHPV-18. One case tested positive for both HPV variants (0.9 %). The samples from the anal canal were positive for HPV-16 in 59.8 % of the cases. Simultaneous presence of HPV in the cervix and anal canal was found in 53.8 % of the cases. Regarding expression of E6 RNA, positivity for HPV-16 in the anal canal was found in 21.2 % of the cases, positivity for HPV-16 in the cervix was found in 75.0 %, and positivity for HPV-18 in the cervix was found in 1.9 %. E6 expression in both the cervix and anal canal was found in 19.2 % of the cases. In the controls, 1 % tested positive for HPV-16 and 0 % for HPV-18. Anal samples from the controls showed a hrHPV frequency of 4.9 % (only HPV16). The presence of hrHPV in the anal canal of women with cervical cancer was detected at a high frequency. We also detected E6 RNA expression in the anal canal of women with cervical cancer, suggesting that these women are at risk for anal hrHPV infection.We acknowledge the Research Support Fund of the State of São Paulo (FAPESP), process number 2010/16795–4), for the financial support grants. FAPESP had no other type of influence on this manuscript beyond the financial suppor