12,563 research outputs found
High-harmonic generation from arbitrarily oriented diatomic molecules including nuclear motion and field-free alignment
We present a theoretical model of high-harmonic generation from diatomic
molecules. The theory includes effects of alignment as well as nuclear motion
and is used to predict results for N, O, H and D. The results
show that the alignment dependence of high-harmonics is governed by the
symmetry of the highest occupied molecular orbital and that the inclusion of
the nuclear motion in the theoretical description generally reduces the
intensity of the harmonic radiation. We compare our model with experimental
results on N and O, and obtain very good agreement.Comment: 12 pages, 8 figures, 2 tables; legends revised on Figs. 1,3,4,6 and
Classification of String-like Solutions in Dilaton Gravity
The static string-like solutions of the Abelian Higgs model coupled to
dilaton gravity are analyzed and compared to the non-dilatonic case. Except for
a special coupling between the Higgs Lagrangian and the dilaton, the solutions
are flux tubes that generate a non-asymptotically flat geometry. Any point in
parameter space corresponds to two branches of solutions with two different
asymptotic behaviors. Unlike the non-dilatonic case, where one branch is always
asymptotically conic, in the present case the asymptotic behavior changes
continuously along each branch.Comment: 15 pages, 6 figures. To be published in Phys. Rev.
Cosmological model with non-minimally coupled fermionic field
A model for the Universe is proposed whose constituents are: (a) a dark
energy field modeled by a fermionic field non-minimally coupled with the
gravitational field, (b) a matter field which consists of pressureless baryonic
and dark matter fields and (c) a field which represents the radiation and the
neutrinos. The coupled system of Dirac's equations and Einstein field equations
is solved numerically by considering a spatially flat homogeneous and isotropic
Universe. It is shown that the proposed model can reproduce the expected
red-shift behaviors of the deceleration parameter, of the density parameters of
each constituent and of the luminosity distance. Furthermore, for small values
of the red-shift the constant which couples the fermionic and gravitational
fields has a remarkable influence on the density and deceleration parameters.Comment: Accepted for publication in Europhysics Letter
Sensitivity to Timing and Order in Human Visual Cortex
Visual recognition takes a small fraction of a second and relies on the
cascade of signals along the ventral visual stream. Given the rapid path
through multiple processing steps between photoreceptors and higher visual
areas, information must progress from stage to stage very quickly. This rapid
progression of information suggests that fine temporal details of the neural
response may be important to the how the brain encodes visual signals. We
investigated how changes in the relative timing of incoming visual stimulation
affect the representation of object information by recording intracranial field
potentials along the human ventral visual stream while subjects recognized
objects whose parts were presented with varying asynchrony. Visual responses
along the ventral stream were sensitive to timing differences between parts as
small as 17 ms. In particular, there was a strong dependency on the temporal
order of stimulus presentation, even at short asynchronies. This sensitivity to
the order of stimulus presentation provides evidence that the brain may use
differences in relative timing as a means of representing information.Comment: 10 figures, 1 tabl
Evanescent single-molecule biosensing with quantum limited precision
Sensors that are able to detect and track single unlabelled biomolecules are
an important tool both to understand biomolecular dynamics and interactions at
nanoscale, and for medical diagnostics operating at their ultimate detection
limits. Recently, exceptional sensitivity has been achieved using the strongly
enhanced evanescent fields provided by optical microcavities and nano-sized
plasmonic resonators. However, at high field intensities photodamage to the
biological specimen becomes increasingly problematic. Here, we introduce an
optical nanofibre based evanescent biosensor that operates at the fundamental
precision limit introduced by quantisation of light. This allows a four
order-of-magnitude reduction in optical intensity whilst maintaining
state-of-the-art sensitivity. It enable quantum noise limited tracking of
single biomolecules as small as 3.5 nm, and surface-molecule interactions to be
monitored over extended periods. By achieving quantum noise limited precision,
our approach provides a pathway towards quantum-enhanced single-molecule
biosensors.Comment: 17 pages, 4 figures, supplementary informatio
Influence of water temperature on the efficacy of diquat and endothall versus curlyleaf pondweed
determine the impact of water temperature on the efficacy
of the contact herbicides diquat (6,7-dihydrodipyrido [1,2-
α:2’,1’-c] pyrazinediium ion) and endothall (7-oxabicyclo
[2.2.1] heptane-2,3-dicarboxylic acid) for control of the exotic
nuisance species curlyleaf pondweed (Potamogeton crispus L.)
across a range of water temperatures
Thermodynamics, strange quark matter, and strange stars
Because of the mass density-dependence, an extra term should be added to the
expression of pressure. However, it should not appear in that of energy
according to both the general ensemble theory and basic thermodynamic
principle. We give a detail derivation of the thermodynamics with
density-dependent particle masses. With our recently determined quark mass
scaling, we study strange quark matter in this new thermodynamic treatment,
which still indicates a possible absolute stability as previously found.
However, the density behavior of the sound velocity is opposite to the previous
finding, but consistent with one of our recent publication. We have also
studied the structure of strange stars using the obtained equation of state.Comment: 6 pages, 6 PS figures, REVTeX styl
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