Supercontinuum generation in dispersion engineered highly nonlinear (y=10/W/m) As2S3 chalcogenide planar waveguide

We demonstrate supercontinuum generation in a highly nonlinear As2S3 chalcogenide planar waveguide which is dispersion engineered to have anomalous dispersion at near-infrared wavelengths. This waveguide is 60 mm long with a cross-section of 2 μm by 870 nm, resulting in a nonlinear parameter of 10 /W/m and a dispersion of +29 ps/nm/km. Using pulses with a width of 610 fs and peak power of 68 W, we generate supercontinuum with a 30 dB bandwidth of 750 nm, in good agreement with theory

Highly sensitive, broadband microwave frequency identification using a chip-based Brillouin optoelectronic oscillator

Detection and frequency estimation of radio frequency (RF) signals are critical in modern RF systems, including wireless communication and radar. Photonic techniques have made huge progress in solving the problem imposed by the fundamental trade-off between detection range and accuracy. However, neither fiber-based nor integrated photonic RF signal detection and frequency estimation systems have achieved wide range and low error with high sensitivity simultaneously in a single system. In this paper, we demonstrate the first Brillouin opto-electronic oscillator (B-OEO) based on on-chip stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) to achieve RF signal detection. The broad tunability and narrowband amplification of on-chip SBS allow for the wide-range and high-accuracy detection. Feeding the unknown RF signal into the B-OEO cavity amplifies the signal which is matched with the oscillation mode to detect low-power RF signals. We are able to detect RF signals from 1.5 to 40 GHz with power levels as low as −67 dBm and a frequency accuracy of ± 3.4 MHz. This result paves the way to compact, fully integrated RF detection and channelization.Australian Research Council (ARC) Linkage grant (LP170100112) with Harris Corporation. U.S. Air Force (USAF) through AFOSR/AOARD (FA2386-16-1-4036); U.S. Office of Naval Research Global (ONRG) (N62909-18-1-2013)

Broadband wavelength conversion at 40Gb/s using long serpentine As2S3 planar waveguides

We demonstrate broadband wavelength conversion of a 40 Gb/s return-to-zero signal by cross-phase modulation in a newly developed chalcogenide glass waveguide based photonic chip. These new serpentine As2S3 waveguides offer a nonlinear coefficient ≈1700 W-1km-1 with 5× lower propagation loss over a length of 22.5 cm which ensures the full propagation length contributes towards the nonlinear process. This reduces the peak operating power thereby allowing a ×4 increase in the data rate compared with previous results. Spectral measurements show the device operates over a span of 40 nm while system measurements show just over 1 dB of power penalty at a bit-error rate of 10-9. This is primarily due to the compact planar waveguide design which minimizes the effect of groupvelocity dispersion

Dispersion engineered As2S3 planar waveguides for broadband four-wave mixing based wavelength conversion of 40 Gb/s signals

We demonstrate broadband wavelength conversion of a 40 Gb/s return-to-zero signal using four-wave-mixing (FWM) in a dispersion engineered chalcogenide glass waveguide. The 6 cm long planar rib waveguide 2 μm wide was fabricated in a 0.87 μm thick film etched 350nm deep to correspond to a design where waveguide dispersion offsets the material leading to near-zero dispersion in the C-band and broadband phase matched FWM. The reduced dimensions also enhance the nonlinear coefficient to 9800 W-1km-1 at 1550 nm enabling broadband conversion in a shorter device. In this work, we demonstrate 80 nm wavelength conversions with 1.65 dB of power penalty at a bit-error rate of 10-9. Spectral measurements and simulations indicate extended broadband operation is possible

Photonic-chip-based tunable slow and fast light via stimulated Brillouin scattering

We report the first (to our knowledge) demonstration of photonic chip based tunable slow and fast light via stimulated Brillouin scattering. Slow, fast, and negative group velocities were observed in a 7 cm long chalcogenide (As2S3) rib waveguide with a group index change ranging from ∼−44 to +130, which results in a maximum delay of ∼23  ns at a relatively low gain of ∼23  dB. Demonstration of large tunable delays in a chip scale device opens up applications such as frequency sensing and true-time delay for a phased array antenna, where integration and delays ∼10  ns are highly desirable

Higher order mode conversion via focused ion beam milled Bragg gratings in Silicon-on-Insulator waveguides

We report the first Bragg gratings fabricated by Focused Ion Beam milling in optical waveguides. We observe striking features in the optical transmission spectra of surface relief gratings in silicon-on-insulator waveguides and achieve good agreement with theoretical results obtained using a novel adaptation of the beam propagation method and coupled mode theory. We demonstrate that leaky Higher Order Modes (HOM), often present in large numbers (although normally not observed) even in nominally single mode rib waveguides, can dramatically affect the Bragg grating optical transmission spectra. We investigate the dependence of the grating spectrum on grating dimensions and etch depth, and show that our results have significant implications for designing narrow spectral width gratings in high index waveguides, either for minimizing HOM effects for conventional WDM filters, or potentially for designing devices to capitalize on very efficient HOM conversion

All optical wavelength conversion via cross phase modulation in chalcogenide glass rib waveguides

We demonstrate all-optical wavelength conversion in a 5 cm As2S3 chalcogenide glass rib waveguide with 5.4 ps pulses over a wavelength range of 10 nm near 1550 nm. We present frequency resolved optical gating (FROG) measurements that show good converted pulse integrity in terms of amplitude and phase in the frequency and time domains. The short interaction length ensures that dispersion induced walkoff does not hinder the conversion range of the device

Highly-nonlinear chalcogenide glass devices for high-speed signal processing and characterization

We review the latest advances in dispersion-shifted Chalcogenide waveguides enabling highly nonlinear and low dispersion planar rib circuits of centimetre length. Its performance advantages for more broadband and higher speed nonlinear signal processing are shown

Long, low loss etched As2S3 chalcogenide waveguides for all-optical signal regeneration

We report on the fabrication and optical properties of etched highly nonlinear As2S3 chalcogenide planar rib waveguides with lengths up to 22.5 cm and optical losses as low as 0.05 dB/cm at 1550 nm - the lowest ever reported. We demonstrate strong spectral broadening of 1.2 ps pulses, in good agreement with simulations, and find that the ratio of nonlinearity and dispersion linearizes the pulse chirp, reducing the spectral oscillations caused by self-phase modulation alone. When combined with a spectrally offset band-pass filter, this gives rise to a nonlinear transfer function suitable for all-optical regeneration of high data rate signals