Oral administration of curcumin (curcuma Longa) can attenuate the neutrophil inflammatory response in zymosan-induced arthritis in rats

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of curcumin in the acute phase of zymosan-induced arthritis.METHODS: Twenty-eight male rats were subjected to intra-articular infiltration of zymosan of both knees and, in four the infiltration was made with saline. The animals were divided into five groups second received every six hours by gavage: corn oil by (positive and negative control); curcumin (100 mg/kg); prednisone 1 mg/kg/day; prednisone 8 mg/kg. All animals were sacrificed after six, 12, 24 and 48 hours of the infiltration. The knees were removed for evaluation of neutrophil infiltration. The number of neutrophils was counted by computer-assisted analysis of the images. The neutrophil infiltrate was stratified into four grades: 0 = normal; + = mild; ++/+++ = moderate; > ++++ = severe. The results were compared using the Mann-Whitney test and the variance by Kruskal-Wallis test adopting a significance level of 5% (p<0.05).RESULTS: Curcumin reduces inflammatory activity in the first six hours after zymosan-induced arthritis when compared to saline (p<0.01). This was also observed in animals subjected to administration of prednisone (1 mg/kg) and those treated with prednisone (8 mg/kg). Curcumin was more effective than lower doses of prednisone in the first six hours after induction of the arthritis. After 12, 24 and 48 hours, curcumin does not have the same anti-inflammatory effects when compared to prednisone. After 48 hours, prednisone is more effective than curcumin in reducing the inflammatory infiltrate regardless of the dose of prednisone used.CONCLUSION: Oral administration of curcumin reduces inflammation in the first six hours after experimentally zymosan-induced arthritis.To evaluate the effect of curcumin in the acute phase of zymosan-induced arthritis.METHODS: Twenty-eight male rats were subjected to intra-articular infiltration of zymosan of both knees and, in four the infiltration was made with saline. The animals were2911727734sem informaçãosem informaçãoLawrence, R.C., Felson, D.T., Helmick, C.G., Arnold, L.M., Choi, H., Deyo, R.A., Gabriel, S., Wolfe, F., National Arthritis Data Workgroup. Estimates of the prevalence of arthritis and other rheumatic conditions in the United States. Part II (2008) Arthritis Rheum, 58 (1), pp. 26-35. , JanMahajan, A., Verma, S., Tandon, V., Osteoarthritis (2005) J Ass Physicians India, 53, pp. 634-641. , Jul, PMID: 16190135Arden, N., Nevitt, M.C., Osteoarthritis: Epidemiology (2006) Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol, 20 (1), pp. 3-25. , Feb, PMID:16483904Dibonaventura, M., Gupta, S., McDonald, M., Sadosky, A., Evaluating the health and economic impact of osteoarthritis pain in the workforce: results from the National Health and Wellness Survey (2011) BMC Musculoskelet Disord, 12, p. 83. , Apr 28Rocha, F.A., Andrade, L.E., Jancar, S., Immune complex induced arthritis in rats: Role of lipid mediators on cell infiltration (1996) Med Inflam, 5 (2), pp. 104-109. , PMID: 18475706Henrotin, Y.E., Bruckner, P., Pujol, J.P., The role of reactive oxygen species in homeostasis and degradation of cartilage (2003) Osteoarthritis Cartilage, 11 (10), pp. 747-755. , Oct, PMID:13129694Fermor, B., Christensen, S.E., Youn, I., Cernanec, J.M., Davies, C.M., Weinberg, J.B., Oxygen, nitric oxide and articular cartilage (2007) Eur Cell Mater., 13, pp. 56-65. , Apr 11, discussion 65, PMID: 17427142Jurenka, J.S., Anti-inflammatory properties of curcumin, a major constituent of Curcuma longa: A review of pre-clinical and clinical research (2009) Altern Med Rev, 14 (2), pp. 141-153. , Jun, PMID:19594223Chopra, A., Lavin, P., Patwardhan, B., Chitre, D., A 32-week randomized, placebo-controlled clinical evaluation of RA-11, an Ayurvedic drug, on osteoarthritis of the knees (2004) Clin Rheumatol, 10 (5), pp. 236-245. , Oct, PMID: 17043520Park, C., Moon, D.O., Choi, I.W., Choi, B.T., Nam, T.J., Rhu, C.H., Kwon, T.K., Choi, Y.H., Curcumin induces apoptosis and inhibits prostaglandin E(2) production in synovial fibroblasts of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (2007) Int J Mol Med, 20 (3), pp. 365-372. , Sep, PMID: 17671742Funk, J.L., Oyarzo, J.N., Frye, J.B., Chen, G., Lantz, R.C., Jolad, S.D., Sólyom, A.M., Timmermann, B.N., Turmeric extracts containing curcuminoids prevent experimental rheumatoid arthritis (2006) J Nat Prod, 69 (3), pp. 351-355. , Mar, PMID: 16562833Chaves, H.V., Ribeiro R De, A., De Souza, A.M., Rodrigues E Silva, A.A., Gomes, A.S., Vale, M.L., Bezerra, M.M., Brito, G.A., Experimental model of zymosan-induced arthritis in the rat temporomandibular joint: Role of nitric oxide and neutrophils (2011) J Biomed Biotechnol, 2011, p. 707985Keystone, E.C., Schorlemmer, H.U., Pope, C., Allison, A.C., Zymosan-induced arthritis: A model of chronic proliferative arthritis following activation of the alternative pathway of complement (1977) Arthritis Rheum, 20 (7), pp. 1397-1401. , Sep-Oct, PMID: 911357Gegout, P., Gillet, P., Terlain, B., Netter, P., Zymosan induced arthritis in rats II. Effects of antiinflammatory drugs (1995) Life Sci, 56 (20), pp. PL389-PL394. , PMID: 7723595Berner, J., Gabay, C., Best practice use of corticosteroids in rheumatoid arthritis (2014) Rev Med Suisse, 10 (421), pp. 603-608. , Mar 12, PMID: 24701713Narendhirakannan, R.T., Limmy, T.P., Anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties of Sida rhombifolia stems and roots in adjuvant induced arthritic rats (2012) Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol, 34 (2), pp. 326-336. , AprAggarwal, B.B., Sundaram, C., Malani, N., Ichikaw, H., Curcumin: The Indian solid gold (2007) Adv Exp Med Biol, 595, pp. 1-75. , PMID: 17569205Anand, P., Kunnumakkara, A.B., Newman, R.A., Aggarwal, B.B., Bioavailability of curcumin: Problems and promises (2007) Mol Pharm, 4 (6), pp. 807-818. , Nov-Dec, PMID: 17999464Taty Anna, K., Elvy Suhana, M.R., Faizah, O., Hamzaini, A.H., Anti-inflammatory effect of Curcuma longa (turmeric) on collagen-induced arthritis: An anatomico-radiological study (2011) Clin Ter, 162 (3), pp. 201-207. , PMID: 21717043Shishodia, S., Sethi, G., Aggarwal, B.B., Curcumin: Getting back to the roots (2005) Ann N Y Acad Sci, 1056, pp. 206-217. , Nov, PMID: 16387689Samuhasaneeto, S., Thong-Ngam, D., Kulaputana, O., Suyasunanont, D., Klaikeaw, N., Curcumin decreased oxidative stress, inhibited NF- kappaB activation, and improved liver pathology in ethanol-induced liver injury in rats (2009) J Biomed Biotechnol, 2009, p. 981963Ramadan, G., Al-Kahtani, M.A., El-Sayed, W.M., Anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties of Curcuma longa (turmeric) versus Zingiber officinale (ginger) rhizomes in rat adjuvant-induced arthritis (2011) Inflammation, 34 (4), pp. 291-301. , AugPark, C., Moon, D.O., Choi, I.W., Choi, B.T., Nam, T.J., Rhu, C.H., Kwon, T.K., Choi, Y.H., Curcumin induces apoptosis and inhibits prostaglandin E(2) production in synovial fibroblasts of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (2007) Int J Mol Med, 20 (3), pp. 365-372. , Sep, PMID: 17671742Mun, S.H., Kim, H.S., Kim, J.W., Ko, N.Y., Kim, D.O.K., Lee, B.Y., Kim, B., Choi, W.S., Oral administration of curcumin suppresses production of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1 and MMP-3 to ameliorate collagen- induced arthritis: Inhibition of the PKCdelta/JNK/c-Jun pathway (2009) J Pharmacol Sci, 111 (1), pp. 13-21. , Sep, PMID: 19763044Moon, D.O., Kim, M.O., Choi, Y.H., Park, Y.M., Kim, G.Y., Curcumin attenuates inflammatory response in IL-1beta-induced human synovial fibroblasts and collagen-induced arthritis in mouse model (2010) Int Immunopharmacol, 10 (5), pp. 605-610. , MayLantz, R.C., Chen, G.J., Solyom, A.M., Jolad, S.D., Timmermann, B.N., The effect of turmeric extracts on inflammatory mediator production (2005) Phytomedicine, 12 (6-7), pp. 445-452. , Jun, PMID: 16008121Srimal, R.C., Dhawan, B.N., Pharmacology of diferuloyl methane (curcumin), a non-steroidal antiinflammatory agent (1973) J Pharm Pharmacol, 25 (6), pp. 447-452. , Jun, PMID: 4146582Baker, C.L., Jr., Ferguson CM. Future treatment of osteoarthritis (2005) Orthopedics, 28 (2), pp. s227-s234. , Feb, PMID: 15747611Banerjee, M., Tripathi, L.M., Srivastava, V.M., Puri, A., Shukla, R., Modulation of inflammatory mediators by ibuprofen and curcumin treatment during chronic inflammation in rat (2003) Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol, 25 (2), pp. 213-224. , May, PMID: 12784914Banji, D., Pinnapureddy, J., Banji, O.J., Saidulu, A., Hayath, M.S., Synergistic activity of curcumin with methotrexate in ameliorating Freund’s Complete Adjuvant induced arthritis with reduced hepatotoxicity in experimental animals (2011) Eur J Pharmacol, 668 (1-2), pp. 293-298. , Oct 1Funk, J.L., Frye, J.B., Oyarzo, J.N., Kuscuoglu, N., Wilson, J., McCaffrey, G., Stafford, G., Timmermann, B.N., Efficacy and mechanism of action of turmeric supplements in the treatment of experimental arthritis (2006) Arthritis Rheum, 54 (11), pp. 3452-3464. , Nov, PMID: 17075840Jancinová, V., Perecko, T., Nosál, R., Kostálová, D., Bauerová, K., Drábiková, K., Decreased activity of neutrophils in the presence of diferuloylmethane (curcumin) involves protein kinase C inhibition (2009) Eur J Pharmacol, 612 (1-3), pp. 161-166. , Jun 10Joe, B., Rao, U.J., Lokesh, B.R., Presence of an acidic glycoprotein in the serum of arthritic rats: Modulation by capsaicin and curcumin (1997) Mol Cell Biochem, 169 (1-2), pp. 125-134. , Apr, PMID: 908963

Estimation of beam material random field properties via sensitivity-based model updating using experimental frequency response functions

Structural parameter estimation is affected not only by measurement noise but also by unknown uncertainties which are present in the system. Deterministic structural model updating methods minimise the difference between experimentally measured data and computational prediction. Sensitivity-based methods are very efficient in solving structural model updating problems. Material and geometrical parameters of the structure such as Poisson’s ratio, Young’s modulus, mass density, modal damping, etc. are usually considered deterministic and homogeneous. In this paper, the distributed and non-homogeneous characteristics of these parameters are considered in the model updating. The parameters are taken as spatially correlated random fields and are expanded in a spectral Karhunen-Loève (KL) decomposition. Using the KL expansion, the spectral dynamic stiffness matrix of the beam is expanded as a series in terms of discretized parameters, which can be estimated using sensitivity-based model updating techniques. Numerical and experimental tests involving a beam with distributed bending rigidity and mass density are used to verify the proposed method. This extension of standard model updating procedures can enhance the dynamic description of structural dynamic models

Association Of Bartonella Species With Wild And Synanthropic Rodents In Different Brazilian Biomes

Bartonella spp. comprise an ecologically successful group of microorganisms that infect erythrocytes and have adapted to different hosts, which include a wide range of mammals, besides humans. Rodents are reservoirs of about two-thirds of Bartonella spp. described to date; and some of them have been implicated as causative agents of human diseases. In our study, we performed molecular and phylogenetic analyses of Bartonella spp. infecting wild rodents from five different Brazilian biomes. In order to characterize the genetic diversity of Bartonella spp., we performed a robust analysis based on three target genes, followed by sequencing, Bayesian inference, and maximum likelihood analysis. Bartonella spp. were detected in 25.6% (117/457) of rodent spleen samples analyzed, and this occurrence varied among different biomes. The diversity analysis of gltA sequences showed the presence of 15 different haplotypes. Analysis of the phylogenetic relationship of gltA sequences performed by Bayesian inference and maximum likelihood showed that the Bartonella species detected in rodents from Brazil was closely related to the phylogenetic group A detected in other cricetid rodents from North America, probably constituting only one species. Last, the Bartonella species genogroup identified in the present study formed a monophyletic group that included Bartonella samples from seven different rodent species distributed in three distinct biomes. In conclusion, our study showed that the occurrence of Bartonella bacteria in rodents is much more frequent and widespread than previously recognized. © 2016, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.82247154716

Single Nucleotide Variants And Indels Identified From Whole-genome Re-sequencing Of Guzerat, Gyr, Girolando And Holstein Cattle Breeds

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)Whole-genome re-sequencing, alignment and annotation analyses were undertaken for 12 sires representing four important cattle breeds in Brazil: Guzerat (multi-purpose), Gyr, Girolando and Holstein (dairy production). A total of approximately 4.3 billion reads from an Illumina HiSeq 2000 sequencer generated for each animal 10.7 to 16.4-fold genome coverage. A total of 27,441,279 single nucleotide variations (SNVs) and 3,828,041 insertions/deletions (InDels) were detected in the samples, of which 2,557,670 SNVs and 883,219 InDels were novel. The submission of these genetic variants to the dbSNP database significantly increased the number of known variants, particularly for the indicine genome. The concordance rate between genotypes obtained using the Bovine HD BeadChip array and the same variants identified by sequencing was about 99.05%. The annotation of variants identified numerous non-synonymous SNVs and frameshift InDels which could affect phenotypic variation. Functional enrichment analysis was performed and revealed that variants in the olfactory transduction pathway was over represented in all four cattle breeds, while the ECM-receptor interaction pathway was over represented in Girolando and Guzerat breeds, the ABC transporters pathway was over represented only in Holstein breed, and the metabolic pathways was over represented only in Gyr breed. The genetic variants discovered here provide a rich resource to help identify potential genomic markers and their associated molecular mechanisms that impact economically important traits for Gyr, Girolando, Guzerat and Holstein breeding programs. © 2017 Stafuzza et al.This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.123Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e TecnológicoCAPES, Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível SuperiorFAPEMIG, Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas GeraisConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES

Clinical outcomes of patients with acute myeloid leukemia: evaluation of genetic and molecular findings in a real-life setting

sem informação1261518631865sem informaçãosem informaçã

Contribuição do estudo dos cabelos com microscopia de luz polarizada ao diagnóstico diferencial das síndromes de Chédiak-Higashi and Grisceli-Prunieras

PURPOSE: To study and compare the appearance of hairs from patients with Chédiak-Higashi and Griscelli-Prunieras syndromes under light and polarized light microscopy. METHOD: Hairs from 2 Chédiak-Higashi and 2 Griscelli-Prunieras patients were obtained and examined under normal and polarized light microscopy. RESULTS: Under light microscopy, hairs from Chédiak-Higashi patients presented evenly distributed, regular melanin granules, larger than those seen in normal hairs. Under polarized light microscopy, shafts exhibited a bright and polychromatic refringence appearance. In contrast, hair from Griscelli-Prunieras patients, under light microscopy, exhibited bigger and irregular melanin granules, distributed mainly near the medulla. Under polarized light microscopy, shafts appeared monotonously white. CONCLUSION: Light microscopic examination of hair shafts of patients with Chédiak-Higashi or Griscelli-Prunieras syndrome reveals subtle differences that are useful in identifying both disorders, but not in distinguishing between them. We provide evidence that polarized light microscopy of hair shafts, an approach that has not been previously described, aids in differentiating between these syndromes. We propose hair study by polarized light microscopy as a helpful complementary diagnostic method for differential diagnosis between CHS and GPS, especially when the more sophisticated molecular studies are not available.OBJETIVO: Estudar e comparar o aspecto dos cabelos de portadores das síndromes de Chédiak-Higashi e Griscelli-Prunieras, tanto na microscopia óptica convencional quanto com luz polarizada. MÉTODO: Cabelos de dois doentes portadores da síndrome de Chédiak-Higashi e de dois portadores da síndrome de Griscelli-Prunieras foram obtidos e estudados tanto à microscopia convencional quanto com luz polarizada. RESULTADOS: Na microscopia óptica convencional, os cabelos dos doentes portadores da síndrome de Chédiak-Higashi mostraram grânulos de melanina regulares, com distribuição homogênea e de maior tamanho em comparação aos presentes no cabelo normal. À microscopia de luz polarizada notou-se aspecto brilhante e refringência policromática. Diferentemente, os cabelos dos doentes portadores da síndrome de Griscelli-Prunieras apresentaram à microscopia convencional, grânulos de melanina irregulares e maiores do que os presentes no cabelo normal e os presentes nos cabelos dos doentes portadores da síndrome de Chédiak-Higashi, preferencialmente próximos à medula das hastes pilosas. À microscopia de luz polarizada apresentaram aspecto monotonamente esbranquiçado. CONCLUSÃO: O exame dos cabelos pela microscopia convencional nas síndromes de Chédiak-Higashi e Griscelli-Prunieras revela diferenças sutis no reconhecimento dessas doenças. No presente trabalho apresentamos evidência de que o exame das hastes pilosas com microscopia de luz polarizada - não descrito previamente - contribui na diferenciação de ambas doenças sugerindo que esse seja um método diagnóstico útil na distinção entre as síndromes de Chédiak-Higashi e Griscelli Prunieras, especialmente nos casos em que estudos moleculares mais sofisticados não estejam disponíveis

The role of boundary conditions on the dynamics of green coffee beans in a rotated dryer

[EN] Coffee drying and roasting are usually performed in rotated dryers; therefore, the study of particle dynamics in this equipment is of great relevance to improve their efficiency and hence the quality of the final product. Thus, this work aimed to investigate experimentally and numerically the dynamics of coffee beans in a rotary dryer. The Euler-Euler model was employed to reproduce the particle velocity profile in the rolling regime under different boundary conditions. The results shown that the lower specularity coefficient (0.01), which characterizes the smooth wall and free slip condition, reproduced the bed behavior that most resembled the experimental one. On the other hand, the other coefficients (0.1 and 1.0) showed an increasing deformation in the bed surface, different from the observed experimental behavior. It was also verified that, as the filling degree increases, the bed surface deformation becomes more pronounced.The authors would like to thank FAPEMIG, CNPq and CAPES for the financial resources assigned to carry out this work.Machado, M.; Resende, I.; Lima, R.; Brandão, R.; Pivello, M.; Nascimento, S.; Duarte, C.... (2018). The role of boundary conditions on the dynamics of green coffee beans in a rotated dryer. En IDS 2018. 21st International Drying Symposium Proceedings. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. 331-338. https://doi.org/10.4995/IDS2018.2018.7455OCS33133

Homologous Flares and Magnetic Field Topology in Active Region NOAA 10501 on 20 November 2003

We present and interpret observations of two morphologically homologous flares that occurred in active region (AR) NOAA 10501 on 20 November 2003. Both flares displayed four homologous H-alpha ribbons and were both accompanied by coronal mass ejections (CMEs). The central flare ribbons were located at the site of an emerging bipole in the center of the active region. The negative polarity of this bipole fragmented in two main pieces, one rotating around the positive polarity by ~ 110 deg within 32 hours. We model the coronal magnetic field and compute its topology, using as boundary condition the magnetogram closest in time to each flare. In particular, we calculate the location of quasiseparatrix layers (QSLs) in order to understand the connectivity between the flare ribbons. Though several polarities were present in AR 10501, the global magnetic field topology corresponds to a quadrupolar magnetic field distribution without magnetic null points. For both flares, the photospheric traces of QSLs are similar and match well the locations of the four H-alpha ribbons. This globally unchanged topology and the continuous shearing by the rotating bipole are two key factors responsible for the flare homology. However, our analyses also indicate that different magnetic connectivity domains of the quadrupolar configuration become unstable during each flare, so that magnetic reconnection proceeds differently in both events.Comment: 24 pages, 10 figures, Solar Physics (accepted

Caracterização da produção agroecológica do sul do Rio Grande do Sul e sua relação com a mecanização agrícola.

A agricultura agroecológica tem-se destacado como uma das alternativas de renda para os pequenos agricultores devido à crescente busca por parte da população por alimentação mais saudável. No Rio Grande do Sul, a Associação Regional de Produtores Agroecológicos da Região Sul (Arpasul), constituída por 48 famílias, é representativa do processo de produção e de comercialização de produtos agroecológicos, servindo como referencial para o presente estudo. O objetivo principal deste trabalho foi o levantamento das necessidades dos produtores agroecológicos em relação à mecanização agrícola. As informações obtidas foram baseadas no sistema de produção utilizado, sendo caracterizados aspectos referentes à propriedade, às operações agrícolas e às necessidades específicas de máquinas e implementos. Por meio deste estudo, foi evidenciada a carência no atendimento das demandas específicas, na área de máquinas agrícolas para esse segmento, podendo servir como referencial para o desenvolvimento de novas máquinas e/ou aperfeiçoamento das existentes. A semeadora de milho e feijão foi a máquina que a maioria dos agricultores pesquisados indicou como sua maior necessidade

Influence of the scrotum bipartite on the reproductive parameters in goats

Avaliou-se a influência do grau de bipartição escrotal sobre os parâmetros reprodutivos em caprinos. Foram utilizados 30 animais, distribuídos em três grupos: Grupo I, animais que apresentavam escroto sem bipartição (n =10); Grupo II, animais com bipartição escrotal até 50% do comprimento dos testículos (n=10); e Grupo III, caprinos com bipartição escrotal acima de 50% do comprimento testicular (n=10). Os parâmetros avaliados foram peso corporal, perímetro escrotal, comprimento testicular, características físicas e morfológicas do sêmen, concentração plasmática de testosterona e libido dos animais, comparando caprinos com escroto bipartido e não bipartido. Os animais que apresentavam bipartição escrotal expressaram maior peso corporal e comprimento testicular, quando comparados com os animais do grupo sem escroto bipartido, sendo que estes apresentaram maior número de células espermáticas defeituosas. Conclui-se que a bipartição escrotal influencia positivamente alguns parâmetros biométricos bem como a qualidade do sêmen em caprinos.The influence of scrotum division on the reproductive parameters in goats was evaluated. Thirty animals were divided into three groups of 10 animals each as follows. Group I: animals with simple scrotum (n=10); Group II: animals with 50% of scrotum bipartite (n=10); and Group III: animals with more than 50% of scrotum bipartite (n=10). It was evaluated: body weight, scrotum perimeter and the testicular length, the seminal characteristic, plasmatic concentration of testosterone, and the libido of the animals with different degrees of scrotum division. Animals with divided scrotum had higher weight and testicular length when compared with animals from the first group that had a higher percentage of spermatic defects. It is possible to conclude that there was a positive influence of scrotal bipartition on the biometric parameters and the sperm quality in goats