52 research outputs found

    Atividades investigativas para o ensino da álgebra em turmas de 7° ano e 9° ano do Ensino Fundamental

    Get PDF
    O presente trabalho foi desenvolvido com alunos de duas escolas públicas de educação básica, localizadas no Vale do Taquari/RS, as quais são parceiras do programa Observatório da Educação, desenvolvido no Universidade do Vale do Taquari UNIVATES. O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar as estratégias elaboradas por alunos do 7° e 9° anos ao realizarem atividades investigativas em grupo, e envolvendo concepções algébricas. Os aportes teóricos que sustentaram este trabalho estão alicerçados nas ideias de Ponte, Brocardo e Oliveira (2009), os quais salientam que atividades de Investigação Matemática devem ser abertas, proporcionando aos estudantes a formulação de estratégias e conjecturas distintas para a resolução de atividades. Para elaboração das atividades, foram utilizadas as quatro concepções de Usiskin (1995). A pesquisa teve natureza qualitativa, do tipo estudo de caso. Serviram como instrumentos de coleta de dados o diário de campo da professora, atividades desenvolvidas pelos estudantes, fotografias e gravação de áudios das aulas ministradas. Durante a realização das práticas, os grupos utilizaram diferentes estratégias para resolução das atividades propostas, tais como desenhos e fórmulas. Os resultados apontaram que as atividades de Investigação Matemática proporcionam aos estudantes momentos de autonomia, cooperação e interesse pela descoberta. Salienta-se que a maioria dos assuntos abordados não era de conhecimento dos alunos, mas, com as atividades oportunizadas, conseguiram aprender diferentes conteúdos. Observou-se que os estudantes, dos dois níveis de escolaridade, gostam de ser desafiados durante as aulas e que por meio de atividades investigativas elaboram distintas estratégias para resolução das atividades .This essay was developed with students from two public schools of basic education, located in Vale do Taquari/RS, which are partners of the Observatory of Education program that has been developed at UNIVATES University Center. The aim of this essay was to analyze the strategies elaborated by students of 7th and 9th grades by realizing investigative activities in groups involving algebraic conceptions. The theoretical subsidy that sustained this essay are based on the ideas of Ponte, Brocardo and Oliveira (2009), whom jut that the activities of Maths Investigation must be opened providing to students the formulation of different conjectures and strategies for the activities’ resolution. In order to the activities’ preparation, were used the four Usiskin’s conceptions (1995). The research was qualitied qualitative, in a type case study. As data collection instruments were used the teacher’s journal, activities developed by the students, pictures and audio recordings of the classes given. The results showed that Math Investigation activities provide to students autonomy moments, cooperation and interest in discovery. During the practices realization, the groups used different strategies to solve the proposed activities, such as drawings and formulas. The results showed that the Math Investigation activities provide for students moments of autonomy, cooperation and interest in discovery. It was observed that the students like to be challenged during classes, and by using investigative activities, it is possible to see distinct strategies about different activities. Students, even being in different educational levels, were able to formulate strategies for the proposed activities. The students did not know most of the contents approached yet, but with the given activities, they managed to learn different contents

    A influência do processo estratégico nas mudanças referentes ao conteúdo estratégico em três agroindústrias paranaenses

    Get PDF
    Orientador : Prof. Dr. Sérgio BulgacovDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciencias Sociais Aplicadas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Administração. Defesa : 01/03/2011Inclui referênciasO objetivo dessa dissertação é compreender de que forma o processo estratégico e as relações entre seus fatores influenciam nas mudanças referentes ao conteúdo estratégico de três agroindústrias paranaenses: Cooperativa Agroindustrial Lar, Moinho Iguaçu – Sabor Sul e Infasa Indústria de Farinhas S.A. O estudo justifica-se pela contribuição que pode oferecer para o avanço do conhecimento no campo da estratégia, em específico conteúdo e processo estratégico, sendo este um tema ainda pouco explorado pela literatura. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida à luz da Teoria Contingencial e partiu do modelo teórico proposto por Bulgacov (2009), em que as organizações se constituem de relações que se instituem no tempo e no espaço, com características e qualidades únicas, formando assim um processo estratégico para sua realidade organizacional. Neste estudo, o processo estratégico refere-se à "forma como as estratégias são eficientemente elaboradas, validadas e implementadas nas empresas, por meio da gerência, em que se visa à utilização eficiente do processo administrativo para elaborar e implementar boas estratégias" (CHAKRAVARTHY e DOZ, 1992); e o conteúdo estratégico como a "quais produtos e tecnologias a empresa irá desenvolver, onde e para quem os produtos serão vendidos e como a empresa obterá vantagem sobre os concorrentes" (ANSOFF, 1991, p. 96). O estudo de casos realizado tem natureza qualitativa descritiva, corte transversal com avaliação longitudinal, usou análise de conteúdo para analisar os dados obtidos por meio de entrevistas e documentos. Os dados mostraram que as três agroindústrias pesquisadas apresentam posicionamentos estratégicos semelhantes, todas estão investindo em agroindustrialização de seus produtos com o objetivo de agregar mais valor a sua produção primária, além de diversificar o negócio. No que tange ao produto, as escolhas tem seguido três principais estratégias: escala (produtos commodities), diferenciação e produtos com valor agregado (industrializados) e com isso atingindo novos mercados. Percebeu-se também que as agroindústrias são influenciadas pelo perfil dos seus gestores, evidenciado principalmente nas duas organizações que tiveram troca por gestores com nível de escolaridade e especialização inferior, sendo a profissionalização um dos grandes influenciadores da estratégia das organizações pesquisadas. Desse modo, concluiu-se que dentre os fatores do processo estratégico abordados pelo modelo, existe uma convergência nas agroindústrias pesquisadas daqueles que mais influenciam ou influenciaram nas escolhas referentes ao conteúdo estratégico ao longo da história das organizações.ResumoAbstract: The objective of this dissertation is to understand how the strategic process and the relationships between its factors have an influence over the changes concerning the strategic content of three agro-industries at Paraná: Cooperativa Agroindustrial Lar (Cooperative Lar), Moinho Iguaçu – Sabor Sul (Windmill Delhi – South Taste) and Infasa Indústria de Farinhas S.A (Infasa Flour Industry). The study is justified by the contribution it can provide to the advancement of knowledge in the field of strategy, in particular content and strategic process, which is a topic not yet explored in the literature. The research was conducted based on the Contingent Theory and started from the theoretical model proposed by Bulgacov (2009), in which organizations are constituted by relations that are instituted in time and space, with unique characteristics and qualities, forming a strategic process for each organizational reality. In this study the strategic process refers to "how the strategies are effectively developed, validated and implemented in companies, through management, which aims at efficient use of the administrative process to develop and implement good strategies" (CHAKRAVARTHY e DOZ , 1992); and the strategic content such as "which products and technologies the company will develop, where and for whom the products will be sold and how the company will obtain advantage over competitors" (Ansoff, 1991, p. 96). The cases study is a qualitative descriptive cross-sectional and longitudinal evaluation, used content analysis to analyze data obtained through interviews and documents. The data showed that the three agro-industries surveyed have similar strategic positioning, all are investing in agro-industrialization of their products with the goal of add up more value to primary production, besides diversify the business. Regarding the product, the choices have followed three main strategies: scale (commodity products), differentiation and value-added products (processed) this way reaching new markets. It was also perceived that the agricultural industries are influenced by the profile of their managers, especially evident in the two organizations that had an exchange of managers with education level and lower specialization, being the professionalization one of the major influences on the strategy of the organizations surveyed. Thereby, we concluded that among the strategic process model factors broached, there is a convergence between the agro-industries surveyed of those that most influence or influenced the strategic choices regarding the content throughout the history of organizations

    Influências de valores pessoais de gestores estratégicos no processo decisório organizacional

    Get PDF
    Orientador : Profª Drª Karina de Déa RoglioTese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciências Sociais Aplicadas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Administração. Defesa: Curitiba, 24/03/2015Inclui referências : f. 220-227Área de concentração: Estratégia e análise organizacionalResumo: O processo decisório vem sendo foco nos estudos de processo estratégico nos últimos 40 anos, onde grande parte desses estudos descrevem o processo como uma seqüência de passos ou fases (PAPADAKIS; BARWISE, 2002). Estudos das últimas décadas sugerem que o foco singular sobre o processo de decisão racional precisa dar vistas para outros pontos importantes da influência do gestor sobre as decisões organizacionais. As agendas de pesquisas sugerem estudos com foco nas características psicológicas dos executivos (FINKELSTEIN; HAMBRICK; CANNELLA, 2009, CHIN, HAMBRICK, TREVIÑO, 2013). Com base nessas agendas, este estudo propõe-se a investigar o processo decisório tendo como perspectiva os valores pessoais que influenciam de modo subjetivo as decisões organizacionais realizadas por gestores estratégicos, conceituados neste trabalho como os indivíduos integrantes de diretorias organizacionais e que são responsáveis por tomar decisões estratégicas entendidas como decisões que têm um impacto significativo nas organizações (CHILD; ELBANNA; RODRIGUES, 2010). Buscou-se assim, compreender de que maneira esses valores influenciaram nas decisões organizacionais, sendo estas as unidades de análise da investigação realizada. Rokeach (1973) define valores como a crença em um modo de conduta ou estado definitivo de existência pessoal ou socialmente aceito. Para o autor, os valores não se manifestam isoladamente, mas se relacionam entre si e se constituem em sistemas de valores que são classificados pelo individuo em uma ordem de importância. Segundo Hambrick e Mason (1984, p. 195), os valores são "princípios que ordenam as conseqüências ou alternativas de acordo com [a própria] preferência" do executivo. Os valores pessoais foram identificados tendo como base a tipologia proposta por Hambrick e Brandon (1988), fundamentada nas propostas de England (1967), Allport-Vernon-Lindzey (1970), Rokeach (1973) e Hofstede (1980), na qual os autores propõem seis dimensões de valores: a) coletivismo (valorização da plenitude humana, dos sistemas sociais); b) dever (relacionado a obrigações e lealdade); c) racionalidade (decisões e ações sem emoção, baseadas em fatos); d) Inovação (mudanças nos valores, abertura ao novo); e) materialismo (relacionada a riqueza de valor e posses); e f) poder (valorização do controle das situações e das pessoas). A pesquisa, de abordagem metodológica qualitativa, combinou narrativas biográficas, entrevistas e análise de documentos, utilizando-se de aspectos do método história de vida como lente na coleta e análise dos dados de 4 (quatro) gestores estratégicos. Nas análises buscou-se demonstrar as influências dos valores pessoais de cada gestor nas decisões organizacionais ao longo de sua trajetória, evidenciando-se as subjetividades presentes em uma tomada de decisão. Palavras-chave: processo decisório organizacional, gestor estratégico, valores pessoais, decisão.Abstract: The decision-making process has been focus on strategic process studies in the last 40 years, where most of these studies describe the process as a sequence of steps or stages (PAPADAKIS; BARWISE, 2002). The last decades studies suggest that singular focus on the rational decision-making need to give views of other important points of the influence of manager on organizational decisions. The research agendas studies suggest focusing on the psychological characteristics of executives (FINKELSTEIN; HAMBRICK; CANNELLA 2009, CHIN, HAMBRICK, TREVIÑO, 2013). Based on these agendas, this study aims at investigating the decision-making process, having in mind that the personal values subjectively influence the organizational decisions made by strategic managers, regarded here as the individual members of organizational boards that are responsible for making strategic decisions. We consider strategic decisions as those that have a significant impact on organizations (CHILD; ELBANNA; RODRIGUES, 2010). In sum, they highlight the comprehension of how strategic managers' values influence strategic decisions as a relevant theoretical and empirical gap. Rokeach (1973) defines values as the belief in a mode of conduct or permanent state of personal existence or socially acceptable. For the author, the values do not occur isolated but are interrelated and constitute a value systems which are classified by the individual in order of self importance. According to Hambrick and Mason (1984, p. 195), the values are "principles that rule the consequences or alternatives according to [one's] preference". Based on the proposals of England (1967), Allport-Vernon-Lindzey (1970), Rokeach (1973), and Hofstede (1980, 1983), Hambrick and Brandon (1988) proposed six value dimensions used to identify the executives' personal values in this research: a) collectivism (value the wholeness of humankind and of social systems); b) duty (related to obligations and loyalty); c) rationality (decisions and actions emotion-free, fact-based); d) novelty (to value change, the new, the different); e) materialism (related to wealth and pleasing possessions); f) power (to value control of situations and people). The research, with a qualitative methodological approach, combined biographical narratives, interviews and analysis of documents, using aspects of life history method as lens in the collection and analysis of data from four (4) strategic manager. In the analyzes we sought to demonstrate the influence of personal values of each manager in organizational decisions throughout its history, demonstrating the subjectivity present in a decision-making. Keywords: organizational decision-making, strategic manager, personal values, decision

    Multi-proxy speleothem-based reconstruction of mid-MIS 3 climate in South Africa

    Get PDF
    The southern coast of South Africa displays a highly dynamical climate as it is at the convergence of the Atlantic and Indian oceans, and it is located near the subtropical/temperate zone boundary with seasonal influence of easterlies and westerlies. The region hosts some key archeological sites with records of significant cognitive, technological and social developments. Reconstructions of the state and variability of past climate and environmental conditions around sites of archeological significance can provide crucial context for understanding the evolution of early humans. Here we present a short but high-resolution record of hydroclimate and temperature in South Africa. Our reconstructions are based on trace elements, calcite and fluid inclusion stable isotopes, as well as fluid inclusion microthermometry, from a speleothem collected in Bloukrantz cave, in the De Hoop Nature Reserve in the southern Cape region of South Africa. Our record covers the time period from 48.3 to 45.2 ka during marine isotope stage 3. Both δ18Oc and δ13Cc show strong variability and covary with Sr/Ca. This correlation suggests that the control on these proxies originates from internal cave processes such as prior carbonate precipitation, which we infer to be related to precipitation amount. The hydroclimate indicators furthermore suggest a shift towards overall drier conditions after 46 ka, coincident with cooling in Antarctica and drier conditions in the eastern part of South Africa corresponding to the summer rainfall zone (SRZ). Fluid inclusion-based temperature reconstructions show good agreement between the oxygen isotope and microthermometry methods, and results from the latter display little variation throughout the record, with reconstructed temperatures close to the present-day cave temperature of 17.5 ∘C. Overall, the BL3 speleothem record thus suggests relatively stable temperature from 48.3 to 45.2 ka, whereas precipitation was variable with marked drier episodes on sub-millennial timescales.</p

    Multi-proxy speleothem-based reconstruction of mid-MIS 3 climate in South Africa

    Get PDF
    The southern coast of South Africa displays a highly dynamical climate as it is at the convergence of both the Atlantic and Indian Ocean, and it is located near the subtropical/temperate zone boundary with seasonal influence of easterlies/westerlies. The region hosts some key archeological sites with records of significant cognitive, technological and social developments. Reconstructions of the state and variability of past climate and environmental conditions around sites of archeological significance can provide crucial context for understanding the evolution of early humans. Here we present a short but high-resolution record of hydroclimate and temperature in South Africa. Our reconstructions are based on trace elements, calcite and fluid inclusion stable isotopes, and fluid inclusion microthermometry from a speleothem collected in Bloukrantz Cave, in the De Hoop Nature Reserve in the Western Cape region of South Africa. Our record covers the time period from 48.3 to 45.2 ka during Marine Isotope Stage 3. Both 18Oc and 13Cc show strong variability and covary with Sr/Ca. This correlation suggests that the control on these proxies originates from internal cave processes such as Prior Calcite Precipitation, which we infer to be related to precipitation amount. The hydroclimate indicators furthermore suggest a shift towards overall drier conditions after 46 ka, coincident with a cooling in Antarctica and drier conditions in the eastern part of South Africa corresponding to the Summer Rainfall Zone. Fluid inclusion-based temperature reconstructions show good agreement between the oxygen isotope and microthermometry methods, and results from the latter display little variation throughout the record, with reconstructed temperatures close to the present-day cave temperature of 17.5 &deg;C. Overall, the BL3 record thus suggests stable temperature from 48.3 to 45.2 ka whereas precipitation was variable with marked drier episodes on sub-millennial timescales.</p

    Atividades investigativas desenvolvidas com alunos do Ensino Médio

    Get PDF
    Neste trabalho realizou-se uma intervenção pedagógica que teve como objetivo geral proporcionar atividades de investigação matemática utilizando os conteúdos de álgebra, de produtos notáveis e de equações de 2º grau, possibilitando ao educando análises e escritas de conjecturas sobre os temas abordados. Esta pesquisa desencadeou uma abordagem qualitativa, na qual para coleta de dados foram consideradas as observações dos educandos durante a realização das atividades, além de um diário de campo dos alunos e do professor. Além disso, para a análise dos resultados emergentes gravou-se o áudio de todas as aulas. As atividades foram pensadas e organizadas visando à possibilidade do surgimento de diversas conjecturas por parte dos discentes, proporcionando-se momentos de discussões entre os grupos de alunos, além de testes das conjecturas formuladas pelos mesmos. Por último oportunizou-se a apresentação das hipóteses comprovadas pelos grupos, bem como a avalição dos resultados obtidos. Como resultados, evidenciou-se que as atividades de investigação matemática auxiliaram na potencialidade do trabalho em grupo, e que os educandos encontraram diferentes estratégias para as resoluções das atividades

    Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD): screening, treatment and survival analysis in a Brazilian series

    Get PDF
    Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the clinical features, Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) screening, treatment modalities, and Overall Survival (OS) in a series of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease-Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma (NAFLD-HCC) Brazilian patients. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study at the Instituto do Cancer do Estado de São Paulo, at the Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo with the approval of the local research ethics committee. NAFLD patients with HCC diagnosed, from May&nbsp;2010 to May&nbsp;2019, were included. Results: A total of&nbsp;131&nbsp;patients were included. Risk factors for NAFLD were present in&nbsp;94.7% of the patients. Only&nbsp;29% of patients were in the HCC screening program before diagnosis. HCC treatment was performed in&nbsp;84.7% of patients. Cumulative survival at the end of the first year was&nbsp;72%, second-year&nbsp;52%, and fifth-year&nbsp;32%. HCC screening before diagnosis was not significantly associated with higher cumulative survival. The independent factors associated with shorter general survival were BCLC C-D, p &lt; 0.001, and the size of the largest nodule&nbsp;&gt; 42&nbsp;mm, p&nbsp;=&nbsp;0.039. Conclusions: Although the efficacy of screening in our population regarding overall survival was hampered due to the sample size (29%&nbsp;had screening), BCLC stages&nbsp;C‒D and the size of the largest nodule larger than&nbsp;42&nbsp;mm were identified as independent factors of worse prognosis

    Radiomic analysis of MRI to Predict Sustained Complete Response after Radiofrequency Ablation in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma - A Pilot Study

    Get PDF
    OBJECTIVES: To investigate whether quantitative textural features, extracted from pretreatment MRI, can predict sustained complete response to radiofrequency ablation (RFA) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODS: In this IRB-approved study, patients were selected from a maintained six-year database of consecutive patients who underwent both pretreatment MRI imaging with a probable or definitive imaging diagnosis of HCC (LI-RADS 4 or 5) and loco-regional treatment with RFA. An experienced radiologist manually segmented the hepatic nodules in MRI arterial and equilibrium phases to obtain the volume of interest (VOI) for extraction of 107 quantitative textural features, including shape and first- and second-order features. Statistical analysis was performed to evaluate associations between textural features and complete response. RESULTS: The study consisted of 34 patients with 51 treated hepatic nodules. Sustained complete response was achieved by 6 patients (4 with single nodule and 2 with multiple nodules). Of the 107 features from the arterial and equilibrium phases, 20 (18%) and 25 (23%) achieved AUC &gt;0.7, respectively. The three best performing features were found in the equilibrium phase: Dependence Non-Uniformity Normalized and Dependence Variance (both GLDM class, with AUC of 0.78 and 0.76, respectively) and Maximum Probability (GLCM class, AUC of 0.76). CONCLUSIONS: This pilot study demonstrates that a radiomic analysis of pre-treatment MRI might be useful in identifying patients with HCC who are most likely to have a sustained complete response to RFA. Second-order features (GLDM and GLCM) extracted from equilibrium phase obtained highest discriminatory performance
    corecore