Crop Updates - 2003 Pulses

This session covers fifty one papers from different authors 2002 PULSE INDUSTRY HIGHLIGHTS CONTRIBUTORS BACKGROUND 2002 REGIONAL ROUNDUP 1.Northern Agricultural Region, M. Harries, Department of Agriculture 2.Central agricultural Region, R. French and I. Pritchard, Department of Agriculture 3.Great Southern and Lakes, R. Beermier, N. Poulish and S. White, Department of Agriculture 4.Esperance Mallee, M. Seymour, Department of Agriculture PULSE PRODUCTION ECONOMY AND GENETIC IMPROVEMENT 5.Faba Bean, P. White, Department of Agriculture 6.Germplasm evaluation, P. White, T. Pope, M. Harries and M. Seymour, Department of Agriculture 7.Row spacing and sowing rate, M. Seymour, Department of Agriculture 8.Tolerance to post emergent herbicides, M. Seymour, M. Harries, R. Beermier, M. Blyth and L. Young, Department of Agriculture 9.Investigation of environmental staining and storage discolouration, N. Abbas1,2, J. Plummer1, P. White3, D. Harris4 and K. Siddique1,2, 1Plant Biology, The University of Western Australia, 2CLIMA, The University of Western Australia, 3Department of Agriculture, 4Chemistry Centre of Western Australia. Desi chickpea 10.Breeding highlights, T. Khan1,2 and K. Siddique2 1Department of Agriculture, 2CLIMA, The University of Western Australia 11. Variety evaluation, T. Khan and K. Regan, Department of Agriculture 12. Residual effect of chickpea row spacing and sowing rate on wheat yield, G. Riethmuller and B. MacLeod, Department of Agriculture 13. Genotype x environmental interaction studies to help explain adaptation, J. Berger1, N. Turner1,2, K. Siddique1, 1CLIMA, The University of Western Australia, 2CSIRO Plant Industry 14. Genetic characterisation of wild relatives, F. Shan and H. Clarke, CLIMA, The University of Western Australia 15. Tolerance to chilling at flowering, H. Clarke, CLIMA, The University of Western Australia 16. Kabuli chickpea, K. Regan, Department of Agriculture 17. Premium quality varieties for the Ord River Irrigation Area, K. Siddique1, K. Regan2 and P. Smith2 1CLIMA, The University of Western Australia, 2Department of Agriculture 18. Development of aschochyta resistant varieties for Australia, K. Siddique1, K. Regan2 and M. Baker2 1CLIMA, University of Western Australia, 2Department of Agriculture Field pea 19. Breeding highlights, T. Khan and B. French, Department of Agriculture 20. Variety evaluation, T. Khan, Department of Agriculture 21. Specialty types for the high rainfall regions, P. White and T. Khan, Department of Agriculture 22. Are new varieties more sensitive to delayed sowing than Dundale? R. French, M. Seymour and R. Beermier, Department of Agriculture 23. Does the size of sown seed affect seed size and yield at harvest? R. Beermier and N. Poulish, Department of Agriculture 24. Tolerance to post emergent herbicides, H. Dhammu, T. Piper and D. Nicholson, Department of Agriculture 25. Lentil, K. Regan, Department of Agriculture 26. Variety evaluation, K. Regan and M. Harries, Department of Agriculture 27. Interstate evaluation of advanced breeding lines, K. Regan1 and M. Materne2 1Department of Agriculture, 2Victorian Institute for Dryland Agriculture, Agriculture Victoria 28. Timing of harvest for the best seed yield, M. Harries and M. Blyth, Department of Agriculture 29. Tolerance to post emergent herbicides, M. Harries and D. Nicholson, Department of Agriculture, H. Dhammu, T. Piper and L. Young, Department of Agriculture 30. Row spacing and stubble, G. Riethmuller, Department of Agriculture Pulse species 31. High value pulses for the high rainfall areas, N. Poulish1, P. White1,2 and K. Siddique1,2 , 1Department of Agriculture, 2CLIMA, The University of Western Australia 32. Alternative Rhizobium inoculant carrier technologies, J. Howieson and R. Yates, Centre for Rhizobium Studies (CRS), Murdoch University 33. Time of harvest to improve seed yield and quality of pulses, G. Riethmuller and R. French, Department of Agriculture 34. Phosphorus and zinc responses in pulses, S. Loss1, Z. Rengel2, B. Bowden3, M. Bolland3 and K. Siddique4 , 1Wesfarmers CSBP, 2Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, The University of Western Australia, 3Department of Agriculture, 4CLIMA, The University of Western Australia 35. Robust protocols for doubled haploid production in field pea and chickpea, J. Croser and K. Siddique, CLIMA, The University of Western Australia DEMONSTRATION OF PULSES IN THE FARMING SYSTEM 36. Field pea and lentil on clayed sandplain, M. Seymour, Department of Agriculture 37. Field pea variety demonstration, M. Harries and M. Blyth, Department of Agriculture 38. The benefit of field peas compared to lupins, R. Beermier, Department of Agriculture DISEASE AND PEST MANAGEMENT 39. Ascochyta blight of chickpea, B. MacLeod, Department of Agriculture 40. Management of chickpeas with improved ascochyta resistance, B. Macleod, A. Harrod, M. Harries and M. Blyth, Department of Agriculture 41. Chlorothalonil provides the most effective control, B. Macleod, A. Harrod, M. Harries and M. Blyth, Department of Agriculture 42. Importance of early sprays and value of seed dressing (post emergence), B. Macleod and A. Harrod, Department of Agriculture 43. A windborne stage of ascochyta blight in WA, J. Galloway and B. MacLeod, Department of Agriculture Ascochyta disease of pulses 44. Geographic location effects ascochyta spore maturation on pulse stubble, J. Galloway and B. MacLeod, Department of Agriculture Blackspot of field pea 45. Rapid recurrent selection to improve resistance to black spot, C. Beeck1, J. Wroth1, W. Cowling1 and T. Khan2, 1Plant Science, The University of Western Australia, 2Department of Agriculture 46. Survival of blackspot on old field pea stubble, J. Galloway and B. MacLeod, Department of Agriculture 47. Blackspot spores mature earlier in the southern regions, M. Salam, J. Galloway, A. Diggle and B. MacLeod, Department of Agriculture Viruses in pulses 48. Early insecticide application suppresses spread of Beet Western Yellows virus in field pea, R. Jones, B. Coutts and L. Smith, Department of Agriculture, and CLIMA, The University of Western Australia Insect pests and nematodes 49. Incorporation of pea weevil resistance from Pisum fulvum into field pea, O. Byrne1 and D. Hardie2, 1CLIMA, The University of Western Australia 2Department of Agriculture 50. Resistance to Helicoverpa in wild species of chickpea, J. Ridsdill-Smith1, H. Sharma2 and K. Mann1, 1CSIRO Entomology, Western Australia, 2 ICRISAT, Hyderabad, India 51. Relative hosting ability of field pea genotypes to root lesion nematode, S. Kelly, S. Sharma, H. Hunter and V. Vanstone, Department of Agriculture ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS APPENDIX I: Publications by Pulse Productivity Project Staff 2002 APPENDIX II: Summary of previous results APPENDIX III: List of common acronym

Is subjective social status a more important determinant of health than objective social status? Evidence from a prospective observational study of Scottish men

Both subjective and objective measures of lower social position have been shown to be associated with poorer health. A psychosocial, as opposed to material, aetiology of health inequalities predicts that subjective social status should be a stronger determinant of health than objective social position. In a workplace based prospective study of 5232 Scottish men recruited in the early 1970s and followed up for 25 years we examined the association between objective and subjective indices of social position, perceived psychological stress, cardiovascular disease risk factors and subsequent health. Lower social position, whether indexed by more objective or more subjective measures, was consistently associated with an adverse profile of established disease risk factors. Perceived stress showed the opposite association. The main subjective social position measure used was based on individual perceptions of workplace status (as well as their actual occupation, men were asked whether they saw themselves as “employees”, “foremen”, or “managers”). Compared to foremen, employees had a small and imprecisely estimated increased risk of all cause mortality, whereas managers had a more marked decreased risk. The strongest predictors of increased mortality were father's manual as opposed to non-manual occupation; lack of car access and shorter stature, (an indicator of material deprivation in childhood). In the fully adjusted analyses, perceived work-place status was only weakly associated with mortality. In this population it appears that objective material circumstances, particularly in early life, are a more important determinant of health than perceptions of relative status. Conversely, higher perceived stress was not associated with poorer health, presumably because, in this population, higher stress was not associated with material disadvantage. Together these findings suggest that, rather than targeting perceptions of disadvantage and associated negative emotions, interventions to reduce health inequalities should aim to reduce objective material disadvantage, particularly that experienced in early life

The best practice for preparation of samples from FTA®cards for diagnosis of blood borne infections using African trypanosomes as a model system

Background: Diagnosis of blood borne infectious diseases relies primarily on the detection of the causative agent in the blood sample. Molecular techniques offer sensitive and specific tools for this although considerable difficulties exist when using these approaches in the field environment. In large scale epidemiological studies, FTA®cards are becoming increasingly popular for the rapid collection and archiving of a large number of samples. However, there are some difficulties in the downstream processing of these cards which is essential for the accurate diagnosis of infection. Here we describe recommendations for the best practice approach for sample processing from FTA®cards for the molecular diagnosis of trypanosomiasis using PCR. Results: A comparison of five techniques was made. Detection from directly applied whole blood was less sensitive (35.6%) than whole blood which was subsequently eluted from the cards using Chelex®100 (56.4%). Better apparent sensitivity was achieved when blood was lysed prior to application on the FTA cards (73.3%) although this was not significant. This did not improve with subsequent elution using Chelex®100 (73.3%) and was not significantly different from direct DNA extraction from blood in the field (68.3%). Conclusions: Based on these results, the degree of effort required for each of these techniques and the difficulty of DNA extraction under field conditions, we recommend that blood is transferred onto FTA cards whole followed by elution in Chelex®100 as the best approach

One hundred years after the discovery of insulin and glucagon:the history of tumors and hyperplasias that hypersecrete these hormones

One century ago, in 1922, Frederick G Banting, Charles H Best, James B Collip and John J R Macleod first published their experiments resulting in the isolation of a hypoglycemic factor, named insulin, from a solution extract from a dog’s pancreas. One year later, in 1923, a hyperglycemic factor named glucagon was isolated by Charles P Kimball and John R Murlin. In the following years, it could be demonstrated that pancreatic islet alpha- and beta-cell neoplasms and hyperplasias could inappropriately secrete excessive amounts of these two hormones. This review is a sequel to the discovery of insulin and glucagon and introduces the history of this fascinating group of neuroendocrine neoplasms and hyperplasias of the pancreas.</p

Letter from G. S. Mackey to [?] Cambie, 1879 Jun 2.

00849 San francisco, 2 June 1879Dear [ Cambie?], This will be handed to you by my friends Mr. Muir, and Mr. McGee of this city — They are both gentlemen of high standing and [illegible]ess my full confidence & regard. Pray [illegible] them with all the information & help you can afford, in their journey across the Mountains. Mr. Muir is the well known geologist of the Pacific Coast, and I know you will be pleased to meet him. With kind regards to all your party I am, Yours sincerely G S. McKayTo/ Mr. Cambie, Mr. MacLeod, Mr. Keefer or Mr. Mayor. British Columi

Two \u3ci\u3eEntomophthora\u3c/i\u3e Species Associated with Disease Epizootics of the Alfalfa Weevil, \u3ci\u3eHypera Postica\u3c/i\u3e (Coleoptera: Curculionidae), in Ontario

Recent studies have shown that disease epizootics in Ontario populations of the alfalfa weevil, Hypera postica (Gyllenhal), are caused by a complex of two fungi

Mid-infrared variability of changing-look AGN

It is known that some active galactic nuclei (AGNs) transited from type 1 to type 2 or vice versa. There are two explanations for the so-called changing look AGNs: one is the dramatic change of the obscuration along the line-of-sight, the other is the variation of accretion rate. In this paper, we report the detection of large amplitude variations in the mid-infrared luminosity during the transitions in 10 changing look AGNs using WISE and newly released NEOWISE-R data. The mid-infrared light curves of 10 objects echoes the variability in the optical band with a time lag expected for dust reprocessing. The large variability amplitude is inconsistent with the scenario of varying obscuration, rather supports the scheme of dramatic change in the accretion rate.Comment: Published by ApjL, 7 pages, 3 figures, 2 table