Protection par la propriété industrielle et innovation : une analyse dans le cadre de l’économie tunisienne

By granting protection rights, the society provides an incentive for economic agents to invest more in research and development. The patent is also likely to encourage the production of innovations and ensure the dissemination of knowledge, which promotes economic growth. This work aims to analyze the situation of patent protection in the framework of the Tunisian economy

Le brevet instrument de politique économique pour promouvoir l’innovation au profit de la croissance : discussion théorique

At the theoretical level, the establishment of a patent system has two objectives: to encourage firms to produce new knowledge and to disseminate information. However, economic practice has highlighted the dilemma between protection and dissemination. This paper discusses how to determine the optimal level of protection across the three dimensions of the patent. While the representation of patent characteristics by microeconomic models is very rich and detailed, innovation-based growth models that have examined with precision how growth can vary with the system of industrial protection are few. The representation of three dimensions of the patent, by these latter models is rather abstract

Analyse empirique de la relation entre les décisions de renouvellement des brevets et les montants d’annuités

This study aims to empirically analyze the effect of scales of fees fixed by the Patent Office on renewal decisions. The objective is to discuss the empirical validity of the hypothesis, which is the heart of all renewal models, namely the renewal decisions are based on economic criteria: agents will renew their patents if the value of patent held during an additional year exceeds the cost of renewal. Indeed, we test on French data for the period from 1970 to 2000, the relationship between the proportions of renewed patents and amounts of annuities. The results indicate a statistically significant negative effect between these two variables. This confirms the theoretical assumption that the effective life of the patent can be influenced by the amount and profile of these annuities. The analysis used can improve our understanding in favor of the patent system as a means of action on innovation through the renewal system

Brevet d’invention et croissance économique : une analyse dans le cadre de l’économie tunisienne durant la période 1970 - 2010

This study aims to empirically analyze the relationship between patent and economic growth, adopting the VAR approach. Indeed, in order to determine whether, in the context of the Tunisian economy and in the period from 1975 to 2010, the development of technological innovation promotes economic growth , we test an intuition of endogenous growth theory , analyzing the relationship between product growth rate (GDP) and the number of growth rates of patents filed by residents. The results indicate a statistically significant positive effect between patents filed during the previous period (t-1) and current economic growth (t). What reflects the importance of knowledge as being a decisive factor of growth

Le brevet : un instrument efficace pour promouvoir l’innovation au profit de la croissance ou un mal nécessaire ?

Theoretically, the introduction of a patent system serves two purposes: to encourage firms to produce new knowledge and to disseminate information. However, economic practice has highlighted the dilemma between protection and diffusion. This article aims to discuss how to determine the optimal level of protection through patent. Despite a broad consensus that patent is essential to spur innovation, there is no consensus on the optimal level of protection across the three dimensions of patents. In addition, there has been criticism that patents constitute a handicap to research that would result from them and therefore hinder technological progress. Thus, some economists emphasize the preference of secrecy over the patent. Others go even further in criticizing the protection of intellectual property rights and propose the removal of such rights by promoting a world without patents. Thus, we question the place of patent in the economic analysis

Le résidu de Solow de l’économie tunisienne : chocs technologiques ou taux d’utilisation des capacités de production ?

Solow's decomposition shows the contribution of capital and labor to growth and shows the residue which is the part unexplained by these two factors. This work consists in studying empirically the exogeneity of Solow residual for Tunisia. However, Solow's residual measurement depends on a few assumptions (perfect competition, constant returns to scale and full utilization of productive capacity). If one of these assumptions is not met, the Solow residual will be a poor measure of technologiy shock. Is the Solow residual exogenous? This question summarizes all of the following questions: Is the Solow residual correctly measuring the effect of technologiy shocks? Is this residue affected by demand shocks? May have influenced the Solow residue by fiscal and monetary policies? The study of these problems makes it possible to explain the different factors of growth

The Contribution of Domestic Investment, Exports and Imports on Economic Growth: A Case Study of Peru

This article has examined the contribution of domestic investment, exports and imports on economic growth in Peru. To achieve this objective, annual data for the period between 1970 and 2017 were used and tested based on Johansen co integration analysis and the vector error correction model. According to the results of the analysis, it has been determined that domestic investment, exports and imports have not any effect on economic growth in the short run and in the long run. These outcomes manifest that trade openness and domestic investments are not beholden as a provenance of economic growth in Peru over this extended period and suffer from many issues and a miserable economic organization

Brevet d’invention et croissance économique : une analyse dans le cadre de l’économie tunisienne durant la période 1970 - 2010

This study aims to empirically analyze the relationship between patent and economic growth, adopting the VAR approach. Indeed, in order to determine whether, in the context of the Tunisian economy and in the period from 1975 to 2010, the development of technological innovation promotes economic growth , we test an intuition of endogenous growth theory , analyzing the relationship between product growth rate (GDP) and the number of growth rates of patents filed by residents. The results indicate a statistically significant positive effect between patents filed during the previous period (t-1) and current economic growth (t). What reflects the importance of knowledge as being a decisive factor of growth

Le brevet : un instrument efficace pour promouvoir l’innovation au profit de la croissance ou un mal nécessaire ?

Theoretically, the introduction of a patent system serves two purposes: to encourage firms to produce new knowledge and to disseminate information. However, economic practice has highlighted the dilemma between protection and diffusion. This article aims to discuss how to determine the optimal level of protection through patent. Despite a broad consensus that patent is essential to spur innovation, there is no consensus on the optimal level of protection across the three dimensions of patents. In addition, there has been criticism that patents constitute a handicap to research that would result from them and therefore hinder technological progress. Thus, some economists emphasize the preference of secrecy over the patent. Others go even further in criticizing the protection of intellectual property rights and propose the removal of such rights by promoting a world without patents. Thus, we question the place of patent in the economic analysis

Le résidu de Solow de l’économie tunisienne : chocs technologiques ou taux d’utilisation des capacités de production ?

Solow's decomposition shows the contribution of capital and labor to growth and shows the residue which is the part unexplained by these two factors. This work consists in studying empirically the exogeneity of Solow residual for Tunisia. However, Solow's residual measurement depends on a few assumptions (perfect competition, constant returns to scale and full utilization of productive capacity). If one of these assumptions is not met, the Solow residual will be a poor measure of technologiy shock. Is the Solow residual exogenous? This question summarizes all of the following questions: Is the Solow residual correctly measuring the effect of technologiy shocks? Is this residue affected by demand shocks? May have influenced the Solow residue by fiscal and monetary policies? The study of these problems makes it possible to explain the different factors of growth