The Polish Version of the Alberta Infant Motor Scale: Cultural Adaptation and Validation

The Alberta Infant Motor Scale (AIMS) is a diagnostic tool for the assessment of the motor performance of infants from the time of birth, to the period of independent walking (0–18 months). This study aims to derive a Polish version of the AIMS through its cultural adaptation and validation. The study included 145 infants aged 0–18 months, who were divided into four further age groups: 0–3 months, 4–7 months, 8–11 months, and older than 12 months. The validation was based on an analysis of intrarater and interrater reliability values, as well as concurrent validity, using the gross motor scale of Peabody Developmental Motor Scales-2 (PDMS-2). The total Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) for intrarater reliability was 0.99 (ICC range in positions was 0.87–0.99, in subgroups was 0.91–0.99), while in particular positions, the ICC ranges were as follows: prone 0.97–0.99, supine 0.94–0.99, sitting 0.95–0.99, and standing: 0.63–0.99. The total ICC for interrater reliability was 0.99 (ICC range in positions was 0.98–0.99, in subgroups was 0.91–0.99), while in particular positions, the ICC ranges were as follows: prone 0.95–0.99, supine 0.93–0.96, sitting 0.93–0.98, standing 0.91–0.98. Only the standing position was analyzed for the subgroup of participants over 12 months old. The Spearman correlation between the Polish version of the AIMS and the gross motor scale of PDMS-2 was significant in the total population (r = 0.97, p < 0.0001) and in subgroups (r = 0.79–0.85, p < 0.0001). The results of our study confirm that the Polish version of the AIMS is reliable for infants aged 0–18 months and can be applied to this population for clinical and scientific purposes.Trial RegistryClinicalTrials.gov ID NCT05264064, URL https://clinicaltrials.gov/ ct2/show/NCT05264064

Early diagnosis of cerebral palsy. Is it possible in the first half-year of life?

Mózgowe porażenie dziecięce jest złożoną grupą zaburzeń powstałych w wyniku uszkodzenia rozwijającego się mózgu. Dotychczas mózgowe porażenie dziecięce było rozpoznawane około 2 roku życia. Według najnowszych rekomendacji rozpoznanie mózgowego porażenia dziecięcego lub wysokiego ryzyka mózgowego porażenia dziecięcego możliwe jest w pierwszym półroczu życia. Do 5 miesiąca życia metodami o największej predykcyjności są ocena globalnych ruchów, the Hammersmith Infant Neurological Examination oraz badanie rezonansu magnetycznego. U starszych niemowląt natomiast stosuje się the Hammersmith Infant Neurological Examination, rezonans magnetyczny oraz skalę the Developmental Assessment of Young Children. Celem pracy jest przedstawienie zaleceń dotyczących wczesnego rozpoznania mózgowego porażenia dziecięcego i omówienie metod diagnostycznych.Cerebral palsy is a heterogeneous group of disorders attributedto damage to the developing brain. So far it has been traditionallydiagnosed at about 2 years of age. According to recentrecommendations the diagnosis of cerebral palsy, or high riskof cerebral palsy, is possible in the first half-year of an infant’slife. Methods used up to 5 months of age involve: the PrechtlQualitative Assessment of General Movements, the HammersmithInfant Neurological Examination and resonance magneticimaging. The Hammersmith Infant Neurological Examination,magnetic resonance imaging and the Developmental Assessmentof Young Children are used in older infants. The abovementioned tools possess the highest sensitivity in the predictionof cerebral palsy.This paper presents the recommendation on early diagnosis ofcerebral palsy and describes diagnostics tools

Does structural leg-length discrepancy affect postural control? Preliminary study

Abstract Background Leg-length inequality results in an altered position of the spine and pelvis. Previous studies on the influence of leg asymmetry on postural control have been inconclusive. The purpose of this paper was to investigate the effect of structural leg-length discrepancy (LLD) on the control of posture. Methods We studied 38 individuals (19 patients with structural LLD, 19 healthy subjects). The examination included measurement of the length of the lower limbs and weight distribution as well as a static posturography. All statistical analyses were performed with Statistica software version 10.0. Non-parametrical Kruskal-Wallis with Dunn’s post test and Spearman test were used. Differences between the groups and correlation between mean COP sway velocity and the value of LLD as well as the value of LLD and weight distribution were assumed as statistically significant at p  0.05). Meaningful differences in mean COP velocity in mediolateral direction between tandem stance with eyes open and closed were detected in both groups (in controls p = 0.000134, in patients both with the shorter leg in a front and rear position, p = 0.029, p = 0.026 respectively). There was a positive moderate correlation between the value of LLD and the value of mean COP velocity in normal standing in mediolateral direction with eyes open (r = 0.47) and closed (r = 0.54) and in anterioposterior plane with eyes closed (r = 0.05). Conclusions The fact that there were no significant differences in posturography between the groups might indicate compensations to the altered posture and neuromuscular adaptations in patients with structural leg-length inequality. LLD causes an increased asymmetry of weight distribution. This study confirmed a fundamental role of the sight in postural control, especially in unstable conditions. The analysis of mean COP sway velocity may suggest a proportional deterioration of postural control with the increase of the value of leg-length asymmetry. Trial registration number Trial registry: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03048656 , 8 February 2017 (retrospectively registered)