Effects of different remifentanil doses on the stress reaction and BIS value of video laryngoscope-guided tracheal intubation

Purpose: To explore the affinity of different remifentanil doses for  intravenous anesthesia in video laryngoscope-guided tracheal intubation.Methods: Eighty patients who required anesthesia for elective non-ophthalmic surgery were included. They were divided into four groups (A, B, C and D) and received a different dose of either 1, 1.5, or 2 μg/kg remifentanil or a dose of 2 μg/kg fentanyl, respectively. An anesthetic state was achieved and maintained by administration of 3 - 5 mg/kg propofolum and 0.1 - 0.3 mg/kg remifentanil. The mean value of the various indices, including arterial pressure (MAP), bispectral index and heart rate (HR) wererecorded prior to anesthesia induction (T0), prior to intubation (T1),  instantly before intubation (T2), and at 1 (T3), 3 (T4) and 5 (T5) after the intubation. Cortisol concentration was measured at T0, T1 and T5.Results: Remifentanil (1 μg/kg) induced a moderate increase in HR and MAP at T3 compared with fentanyl. HR and MAP in the lower dose group were significantly higher than those in groups B and C at T3. Compared to T1, the concentrations of cortisol decreased after anesthesia and then significantly increased during tracheal intubation. Cortisol concentration in group B was the lowest at T5.Conclusion: The most effective concentrations of remifentanil are 1 and 1.5 μg/kg for anesthesia induction and tracheal intubation, respectively.Keywords: Remifentanil, Stress reaction, Bispectral index, Video laryngoscope, Tracheal intubatio

Anti-biofouling Materials: Construction and Application in the Food Field

The widespread presence of foodborne pathogenic bacteria biofilms in the food supply chain has significantly negative impacts on food microbial safety, posing a serious threat to the health and safety of consumers. Weakening the interaction between food contact surfaces and biological pollutants and reducing biological adhesion by changing the physicochemical properties of food contact surfaces can effectively reduce the formation of biofilms, thereby ensuring the microbial safety of food. This article summarizes recent progress in research on anti-biofouling materials. First, the application of the DLVO theory to quantify the interaction between biological pollutants and material surfaces is reviewed. Then, this paper classifies the existing anti-biofouling materials into two categories: hydrophobic and hydrophilic, and summarizes the typical methods to construct each type of anti-biofouling materials and their anti-biofouling mechanisms. Finally, based on the current status of the application of anti-biofouling materials in the food industry, an outlook on future development directions is provided. This article aims to provide theoretical guidance for the development of new anti-biofouling materials in order to better ensure the microbial safety of food

SRMS as a Novel Therapeutic Target in Gastric Cancer Peritoneal Metastases

https://openworks.mdanderson.org/sumexp21/1233/thumbnail.jp

3D-SceneDreamer: Text-Driven 3D-Consistent Scene Generation

Text-driven 3D scene generation techniques have made rapid progress in recent years. Their success is mainly attributed to using existing generative models to iteratively perform image warping and inpainting to generate 3D scenes. However, these methods heavily rely on the outputs of existing models, leading to error accumulation in geometry and appearance that prevent the models from being used in various scenarios (e.g., outdoor and unreal scenarios). To address this limitation, we generatively refine the newly generated local views by querying and aggregating global 3D information, and then progressively generate the 3D scene. Specifically, we employ a tri-plane features-based NeRF as a unified representation of the 3D scene to constrain global 3D consistency, and propose a generative refinement network to synthesize new contents with higher quality by exploiting the natural image prior from 2D diffusion model as well as the global 3D information of the current scene. Our extensive experiments demonstrate that, in comparison to previous methods, our approach supports wide variety of scene generation and arbitrary camera trajectories with improved visual quality and 3D consistency.Comment: 11 pages, 7 figure

TransVOD: End-to-End Video Object Detection with Spatial-Temporal Transformers

Detection Transformer (DETR) and Deformable DETR have been proposed to eliminate the need for many hand-designed components in object detection while demonstrating good performance as previous complex hand-crafted detectors. However, their performance on Video Object Detection (VOD) has not been well explored. In this paper, we present TransVOD, the first end-to-end video object detection system based on spatial-temporal Transformer architectures. The first goal of this paper is to streamline the pipeline of VOD, effectively removing the need for many hand-crafted components for feature aggregation, e.g., optical flow model, relation networks. Besides, benefited from the object query design in DETR, our method does not need complicated post-processing methods such as Seq-NMS. In particular, we present a temporal Transformer to aggregate both the spatial object queries and the feature memories of each frame. Our temporal transformer consists of two components: Temporal Query Encoder (TQE) to fuse object queries, and Temporal Deformable Transformer Decoder (TDTD) to obtain current frame detection results. These designs boost the strong baseline deformable DETR by a significant margin (3%-4% mAP) on the ImageNet VID dataset. Then, we present two improved versions of TransVOD including TransVOD++ and TransVOD Lite. The former fuses object-level information into object query via dynamic convolution while the latter models the entire video clips as the output to speed up the inference time. We give detailed analysis of all three models in the experiment part. In particular, our proposed TransVOD++ sets a new state-of-the-art record in terms of accuracy on ImageNet VID with 90.0% mAP. Our proposed TransVOD Lite also achieves the best speed and accuracy trade-off with 83.7% mAP while running at around 30 FPS on a single V100 GPU device.Comment: Accepted to IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence (IEEE TPAMI), extended version of arXiv:2105.1092

Design and motion control analysis of double helix wall climbing robot

For the detection environment of complex walls such as high-rise buildings, a double helix wall climbing robot (DHWCR) with strong adsorption force and good stability is designed and developed, which uses symmetrical propellers to provide adsorption force. The symmetrical driving structure can provide smooth thrust for the DHWCR, so that the robot can be absorbed to the wall surface with different roughness. A left and right control frame with multiple degrees of freedom is designed, which can adjust the fixed position of the brushless propeller motor in the front and back directions, realize the continuous adjustable thrust direction of the robot, and improve the flexibility of the robot movement. Using the front wheel steering mechanism with universal joint, the steering control of the DHWCR is realized by differential control. In the vertical to ground transition, the front and rear brushless motors can provide the pull up and oblique thrust, so that the DHWCR can smoothly transition to the vertical wall. The motion performance and adaptability of the DHWCR in the horizontal ground and vertical wall environment are tested. The results show that the DHWCR can switch motion between the horizontal ground and vertical wall, and can stably adsorb on the vertical wall with flexible attitude control. The DHWCR can move at a fast speed. The speed on the horizontal ground is higher than that on the vertical wall, which verifies the feasibility and reliability of the DHWCR moving stably on the vertical wall

Filament spinning of unbleached birch kraft pulps : Effect of pulping intensity on the processability and the fiber properties

Man-made lignocellulosic fibres were successfully prepared from unbleached birch kraft pulps by using the Ioncell-F technology. Pulps with different lignin content were produced by tailored kraft pulping with varying intensity. The degree of polymerization of the pulps was adjusted by acid-catalyzed hydrolysis and electron beam treatment. All substrates were completely soluble in 1,5-diazabicyclo[4.3.0]non-5-enium acetate ([DBNH] OAc) and the respective solutions were spinnable to yield fibres with good to excellent mechanical properties despite the use of only mildly refined wood pulp. The tensile properties decreased gradually as the lignin concentration in the fibres increased. Changes in the chemical composition also affected the structure and morphology of the fibres. Both the molecular orientation and the crystallinity decreased while the presence of lignin enhanced the water accessibility. The effects of the crystallite size and lignin content on monolayer water adsorption are discussed.Peer reviewe