Challenges of Establishing Trade Unions in Chinese Private Enterprises

Trade unions serve as a bridge and bond between the Communist Party of China and the working masses, and the construction of grassroots trade unions is crucial for the welfare of workers and social stability. In a survey conducted in Beijing, it was found that an increase in the number of private enterprises does not necessarily lead to a corresponding increase in the number of trade unions within these enterprises. Similarly, an increase in the total number of employees in private enterprises does not guarantee an increase in the total membership of trade unions in these enterprises. The difficulty in establishing trade union organizations is influenced by multiple factors: enterprises need to control costs under the “uncertainty” of risks, employees lack understanding of trade unions, and the trade unions themselves lack professionalism and effective measures to participate in social governance. In the future, the issue of the difficulty in establishing trade unions should be addressed by developing social work in trade unions, effectively utilizing media platforms of trade unions, and further improving laws and regulations

Adaptive digital watermarking scheme based on support vector machines and optimized genetic algorithm

Digital watermarking is an effective solution to the problem of copyright protection, thus maintaining the security of digital products in the network. An improved scheme to increase the robustness of embedded information on the basis of discrete cosine transform (DCT) domain is proposed in this study. The embedding process consisted of two main procedures. Firstly, the embedding intensity with support vector machines (SVMs) was adaptively strengthened by training 1600 image blocks which are of different texture and luminance. Secondly, the embedding position with the optimized genetic algorithm (GA) was selected. To optimize GA, the best individual in the first place of each generation directly went into the next generation, and the best individual in the second position participated in the crossover and the mutation process. The transparency reaches 40.5 when GA’s generation number is 200. A case study was conducted on a 256 × 256 standard Lena image with the proposed method. After various attacks (such as cropping, JPEG compression, Gaussian low-pass filtering (3, 0. 5), histogram equalization, and contrast increasing (0.5, 0.6)) on the watermarked image, the extracted watermark was compared with the original one. Results demonstrate that the watermark can be effectively recovered after these attacks. Even though the algorithm is weak against rotation attacks, it provides high quality in imperceptibility and robustness and hence it is a successful candidate for implementing novel image watermarking scheme meeting real timelines

Security and privacy for data mining of RFID-enabled product supply chains

The e-Pedigree used for verifying the authenticity of the products in RFID-enabled product supply chains plays a very important role in product anti-counterfeiting and risk management, but it is also vulnerable to malicious attacks and privacy leakage. While the radio frequency identification (RFID) technology bears merits such as automatic wireless identification without direct eye-sight contact, its security has been one of the main concerns in recent researches such as tag data tampering and cloning. Moreover, privacy leakage of the partners along the supply chains may lead to complete compromise of the whole system, and in consequence all authenticated products may be replaced by the faked ones! Quite different from other conventional databases, datasets in supply chain scenarios are temporally correlated, and every party of the system can only be semi-trusted. In this paper, a system that incorporates merits of both the secure multi-party computing and differential privacy is proposed to address the security and privacy issues, focusing on the vulnerability analysis of the data mining with distributed EPCIS datasets of e-pedigree having temporal relations from multiple range and aggregate queries in typical supply chain scenarios and the related algorithms. Theoretical analysis shows that our proposed system meets perfectly our preset design goals, while some of the other problems leave for future research

Land Cover Information Extraction Based on Daily NDVI Time Series and Multiclassifier Combination

A timely and accurate understanding of land cover change has great significance in management of area resources. To explore the application of a daily normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) time series in land cover classification, the present study used HJ-1 data to derive a daily NDVI time series by pretreatment. Different classifiers were then applied to classify the daily NDVI time series. Finally, the daily NDVI time series were classified based on multiclassifier combination. The results indicate that support vector machine (SVM), spectral angle mapper, and classification and regression tree classifiers can be used to classify daily NDVI time series, with SVM providing the optimal classification. The classifiers of K-means and Mahalanobis distance are not suited for classification because of their classification accuracy and mechanism, respectively. This study proposes a method of dimensionality reduction based on the statistical features of daily NDVI time series for classification. The method can be applied to land resource information extraction. In addition, an improved multiclassifier combination is proposed. The classification results indicate that the improved multiclassifier combination is superior to different single classifier combinations, particularly regarding subclassifiers with greater differences

A Web-based user-oriented tool for universal kitchen design

Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 2002.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 93-94).Economic constraints to the professional design practice limit customized solutions to the very wealthy, and thus most of the kitchens in current development housing projects are still generic. With aging baby boomers and an increasing number of survivors of disability, diversified user needs require professional housing design to accommodate all different individuals, which challenges current design standards. Based on universal design principles, a user-oriented tool for universal home design provides more than a few homebuyers with a chance to take advantage of professional design. Kitchen layout design is taken as the starting point of the home design, since the kitchen has the most complex functional requirements and the most difficult barriers of any room in the house. The tool takes user needs as the design motivation and professional best design practice as the database. For the majority of lay people, this tool makes it possible for them to orient their own kitchen design through a guided searching of proper design strategies according to the user needs and preferences. It highlights the needs of particular users at different ages and physical conditions according to the universal design principles. A direct typological conversion is implemented to link user needs with design strategies. This paper is also the documentation of the universal home design tool project in the House_n Consortium at MIT. The paper takes the project as the main example for stating the possibility and feasibility of the new design methodology.by Xiaoyi Ma.S.M

Efficient and effective state-based framework for news video retrieval

In this paper, an efficient and effective framework is proposed for news video retrieval. Firstly, the 64-dimensional colour histogram is extracted as the feature vector. Then the pair quantizer is adopted to transfer the news video retrieval problem into multi-dimensional string matching problem, which conduces to the efficiency to the framework. Secondly, a new measurement named ‘optimal temporal common subsequence’, which distinguishes the difference caused by rich temporal characteristics including temporal order, temporal duration and temporal gap, is designed to match state-sequence, followed by the point & interval-based formal characterization of time-series and state-sequences. Thirdly, we tested the proposed measurement on news video retrieval. The performance shows the proposed algorithm is more effective for news video retrieval