The Effective Transmission and Processing of Mobile Multimedia

Ph.DDOCTOR OF PHILOSOPH

Research on Water Pollution Control Based on STM32 Intelligent Vehicle

In order to solve the high cost and low efficiency of different degrees of pollution control of natural water resources in China at this stage, photocatalytic water purification technology is adopted to reduce the cost of water pollution treatment and improve the treatment efficiency, and an intelligent vehicle equipped with photocatalytic materials is proposed, which is equipped with industrial cameras, communication positioning modules and sensors, and realizes dynamic planning of navigation routes by improving ant colony algorithms, computer vision recognition, ultrasonic obstacle avoidance, and realizes photocatalytic fixed-point purification. Predict advanced photoelectric catalytic performance based on density functional theory and machine learning, solve the problem of BiVO4 photo corrosion and instability, and achieve efficient water purification at low cost

Data-Driven Modeling of Landau Damping by Physics-Informed Neural Networks

Kinetic approaches are generally accurate in dealing with microscale plasma physics problems but are computationally expensive for large-scale or multiscale systems. One of the long-standing problems in plasma physics is the integration of kinetic physics into fluid models, which is often achieved through sophisticated analytical closure terms. In this study, we successfully construct a multi-moment fluid model with an implicit fluid closure included in the neural network using machine learning. The multi-moment fluid model is trained with a small fraction of sparsely sampled data from kinetic simulations of Landau damping, using the physics-informed neural network (PINN) and the gradient-enhanced physics-informed neural network (gPINN). The multi-moment fluid model constructed using either PINN or gPINN reproduces the time evolution of the electric field energy, including its damping rate, and the plasma dynamics from the kinetic simulations. For the first time, we introduce a new variant of the gPINN architecture, namely, gPINN$p$ to capture the Landau damping process. Instead of including the gradients of all the equation residuals, gPINN$p$ only adds the gradient of the pressure equation residual as one additional constraint. Among the three approaches, the gPINN$p$-constructed multi-moment fluid model offers the most accurate results. This work sheds new light on the accurate and efficient modeling of large-scale systems, which can be extended to complex multiscale laboratory, space, and astrophysical plasma physics problems.Comment: 11 pages, 7 figure

Benchmarking Chinese Text Recognition: Datasets, Baselines, and an Empirical Study

The flourishing blossom of deep learning has witnessed the rapid development of text recognition in recent years. However, the existing text recognition methods are mainly proposed for English texts. As another widely-spoken language, Chinese text recognition (CTR) in all ways has extensive application markets. Based on our observations, we attribute the scarce attention on CTR to the lack of reasonable dataset construction standards, unified evaluation protocols, and results of the existing baselines. To fill this gap, we manually collect CTR datasets from publicly available competitions, projects, and papers. According to application scenarios, we divide the collected datasets into four categories including scene, web, document, and handwriting datasets. Besides, we standardize the evaluation protocols in CTR. With unified evaluation protocols, we evaluate a series of representative text recognition methods on the collected datasets to provide baselines. The experimental results indicate that the performance of baselines on CTR datasets is not as good as that on English datasets due to the characteristics of Chinese texts that are quite different from the Latin alphabet. Moreover, we observe that by introducing radical-level supervision as an auxiliary task, the performance of baselines can be further boosted. The code and datasets are made publicly available at https://github.com/FudanVI/benchmarking-chinese-text-recognitionComment: Code is available at https://github.com/FudanVI/benchmarking-chinese-text-recognitio

Evaluation of the reporting quality of clinical practice guidelines on gliomas using the RIGHT checklist

Background: The reporting quality of clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) for gliomas has not yet been thoroughly assessed. The International Reporting Items for Practice Guidelines in Healthcare (RIGHT) statement developed in 2016 provides a reporting framework to improve the quality of CPGs. We aimed to estimate the reporting quality of glioma guidelines using the RIGHT checklist and investigate how the reporting quality differs by selected characteristics. Methods: We systematically searched electronic databases, guideline databases, and medical society websites to retrieve CPGs on glioma published between 2018 and 2020. We calculated the compliance of the CPGs to individual items, domains and the RIGHT checklist overall. We performed stratified analyses by publication year, country of development, reporting of funding, and impact factor (IF) of the journal. Results: Our search revealed 20 eligible guidelines. Mean overall adherence to the RIGHT statement was 54.6%. Eight CPGs reported more than 60% of the items, and five reported less than 50%. All guidelines adhered to the items 1a, 3, 7a, 13a, while no guidelines reported the items 17 or 18b (see http://www.rightstatement.org/right-statement/checklist for a description of the items). Two of the seven domains, "Basic information" and "Background", had mean reporting rates above 60%. The "Review and quality assurance" domain had the lowest mean reporting rate, 12.5%. The reporting quality of guidelines published in 2020, guidelines developed in the United States, and guidelines that reported funding tended to be above average. Conclusions: The reporting quality of CPGs on gliomas is low and needs improvement. Particular attention should be paid on reporting the external review and quality assurance process. The use of the RIGHT criteria should be encouraged to guide the development, reporting and evaluation of CPGs

Sedative-sparing effect of acupuncture in gastrointestinal endoscopy: systematic review and meta-analysis

ObjectiveThis study aimed to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to identify the efficacy of acupuncture therapy (including manual acupuncture and electroacupuncture) performed before or during gastrointestinal endoscopy with propofol as the main sedative, compared with placebo, sham acupuncture, or no additional treatment other than the same sedation.MethodsA systematic search was performed through PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Chinese Biomedical Databases (CBM), Wanfang database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), SinoMed, and Chinese Scientific Journal Database (VIP) to collect randomized controlled trials published before 5 November 2022. Bias assessment of the included RCTs was performed according to Version 2 of the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials (RoB 2). Stata16.0 software was used to perform statistical analysis, sensitivity analysis, and publication bias analysis. The primary outcome was sedative consumption, and the secondary outcomes included the incidence of adverse events and wake-up time.ResultsA total of 10 studies with 1331 participants were included. The results showed that sedative consumption [mean difference (MD) = −29.32, 95% CI (−36.13, −22.50), P < 0.001], wake-up time [MD = −3.87, 95% CI (−5.43, −2.31), P < 0.001] and the incidence of adverse events including hypotension, nausea and vomiting, and coughing (P < 0.05) were significantly lower in the intervention group than in the control group.ConclusionAcupuncture combined with sedation reduces sedative consumption and wake-up time compared with sedation alone in gastrointestinal endoscopy; this combined approach allows patients to regain consciousness more quickly after examination and lower the risk of adverse effects. However, with the limited quantity and quality of relevant clinical studies, caution must be applied until more high-quality clinical studies verify and refine the conclusions.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?, identifier: CRD42022370422