A Village School and Community Development in a Rhodesian Tribal Trust Land.

A Zambezia article on rural economic development.This article presents and analyses a case history collected from one community in a Rhodesian tribal trust land, with special reference to the village school as a factor in social change.1 In particular it deals with those aspects of social change which find prominence in contemporary schemes of community development. These include, among other things, such items as the local realignment of power, authority and influence, the reorientation of values, aspirations and expectations, and the training of individuals for the new roles that these changes produce

Decentralising the Proprietorship of Wildlife Resources in Zimbabwe's Communal Lands

Ford Foundation and IDRC for applied research on natural resource management

Synergizing conservation strategies: sociological and anthropological dimensions of sustainable use

A conference paper on sustainable conservation strategies for rural communities in Zimbabwe

A mid-century strategy for Christian expansion in Africa

https://place.asburyseminary.edu/ecommonsatsdissertations/2366/thumbnail.jp

Wildlife in sustainable development: approaches to community participation

A conference presentation on how Africa can sustainably manage its natural resources through viable community participation.The purpose of this paper is to identify and analyse key variables determining the success or failure of community participation approaches to wildlife use and management systems in Africa. It derives its mandate for this focus from the background statement for this Policy Consultation, which suggests that success can be measured by "robust cost effective and efficient, non-subsidized systems and institutions." The issues specified in this background statement for attention under the "community participation" theme are addressed, but not pedantically or exhaustively. A presentation of this length does not permit this, and these issues nave already received extensive treatment in the precursor document for the consultation, Whose Eden? An Overview of Community Approaches to Wildlife Management. (IIED/ODA, 1994)

Local communities, equity and conservation in southern Africa: A synthesis of lessons learnt and recommendations from a southern African technical workshop

This publication reports on a technical workshop entitled ëCommunities and Conservation in Southern Africa: Key Issues and Challenges towards a more Equitable and Sustainable Futureí, which was held on 26ñ28 February 2003 in Pretoria, South Africa, in preparation for the World Parks Congress to be held in Durban in September 2003. The workshop sought to synthesise the extensive experience of southern African countries on community-based conservation and natural resources management into concrete inputs and recommendations for the World Parks Congress 2003

Minimising fear and anxiety in working dogs:a review

The causes of fear and anxiety in working dogs are multifactorial and may include inherited characteristics that differ between individuals (e.g. Goddard and Beilharz, 1982; 1984a,b ), influences of the environment ( Lefebvre et al., 2007 ), and learned experiences during particular sensitive periods ( Appleby et al., 2002 ) and throughout life. Fear-related behavior compromises performance, leads to significant numbers of dogs failing to complete training (e.g., Murphy, 1995; Batt et al., 2008 ), early withdrawals from working roles ( Caron-Lormier et al., 2016 ), and can jeopardize dog and handler safety. Hence, amelioration of fear and anxiety is critical to maintain dogs in working roles and to ensure their well-being. Although current methods of selection and training are seemingly effective at producing many dogs which work in a remarkable array of environments, some dogs do not make the grade, and longevity of service is not always maximized. Programs should strive for optimal efficiency and they need to continually analyze the value of each component of their program, seek evidence for its value and explore potential evidence-based improvements. Here we discuss scientific evidence for methods and strategies which may be of value in reducing the risk of fear behaviors developing in the working dog population and suggest potentially valuable techniques and future research to explore the benefit of these approaches. The importance of environmental influences, learning opportunities, and effects of underlying temperament on the outward expression of fear and anxiety should not be underestimated. Identification of characteristics which predict resilience to stress are valuable, both to enable careful breeding for these traits and to develop predictive tests for puppies and procured animals. It is vitally important to rear animals in optimal environments and introduce them to a range of stimuli in a positive, controlled, and gradual way, as these can all help minimize the number of dogs which develop work-inhibiting fears. Future research should explore innovative methods to best measure the relative resilience of dogs to stressful events. This could include developing optimal exposure protocols to minimize the development of fear and anxiety, and exploring the influence of social learning and the most effective elements of stimulus presentation