11 research outputs found
Effects of temperature, pH, and bile salt on antimicrobial activity of bacteriocin-like substances obtained from barley sourdough LAB
Comparison of various formulae for estimating low-density lipoprotein cholesterol by a combination of ages and genders in Taiwanese adults
Advances in nanomaterial based optical biosensing and bioimaging of apoptosis via caspase-3 activity: a review
Chromium and Manganese Levels in Biological Samples of Normal and Night Blindness Children of Age Groups (3–7) and (8–12) Years
Correlation of Cadmium and Magnesium in the Blood and Serum Samples of Smokers and Non-Smokers Chronic Leukemia Patients
Bisphenol A exposure and healing effects of Adiantum capillus-veneris L. plant extract (APE) in bisphenol A-induced reproductive toxicity in albino rats
A review on crop losses, epidemiology and disease management of rice brown spot to identify research priorities and knowledge gaps
Ploidy manipulation and citrus breeding, genetics and genomics
Polyploidy appears to have played a limited role in citrus germplasm evolution. However, today, ploidy manipulation is an important component of citrus breeding strategies. For varieties, the main objective is to develop triploid seedless varieties. For rootstock, the aim is to cumulate interesting traits in tetraploid hybrids and to improve adaptation to biotic and abiotic stresses. In this chapter we make a review of the recent knowledge acquired on the natural mechanisms of citrus polyploidization, and teraploid meiosis. Chromosome doubling of nucellar cells is frequent in apomictic citrus and results in tetraploid seedling production. Unreduced gametes are also frequently produced, mainly by second division restitution for ovules. First division restitution was described for pollen as well as alternative mechanisms for both ovules and pollen. Tetraploid plants display tetrasomic to disomic segregations in relation with their genome structure (autoteraploid versus allotetraploid) and the divergence of the parental species. The implications of the origin of diploid gametes, on the genetic diversity of polyploid progenies, are discussed. The biotechnological tools (haplo-methods, chromosome doubling by chemichal treatments, somatic hybridization and cytogenetic/molecular tools for polyploid genome studies) to optimize ploidy manipulation are presented. The interest of haploids and polyploid genotypes for basic genetic and genomic studies is discussed. The following research area are reviewed: haploids and doubled haploid for genome sequencing and haplotyping, centromere mapping from unreduced gametes, marker-trait association study in polyploids, phenome and gene expression in polyploids with a special focus on polyploidy and adaptation. Finally, we give an overview of the recent advances of concrete polyploid citrus breeding programs in China, Florida and the Mediterranean Basin