Comparative analysis of different Current mirror using 45nm technology

Current mirror is one of the most important components of integrated analog circuits design. For high performance applications, accuracy, output impedance, slew rate and settling time of current mirrors are the most important parameters. The circuit made by current mode technique uses small area, consumes less power dissipation and achieves high operation speed. . In this paper we will analyze and compare the performance parameters of different current mirrors in 45 nm technology in Tanner EDA tool. The performance parameters are power dissipation, slew rate and Transconductance. The transconductance of proposed Low Voltage current mirror is far better than the other current mirrors. DOI: 10.17762/ijritcc2321-8169.15067

DEVELOPMENT OF SYSTEM-BASED FEATURES FOR THE SPOOFED SPEECH DETECTION (SSD) TASK

In order to determine system characteristics, we investigate the basic concept that speech isanalysed by the human ear in subbands (due to the signal processing abstraction of thecochlea, i.e., vibration of basilar membrane in a specific region for a specific tone). Systembasedfeatures, such as the Sub band Auto encoder (SBAE) characteristic, which is an AEarchitecture modified to accommodate the human perception process, are employed in thisarticle to recognise natural and faked speech. The Sub band Auto encoder (SBAE) functiondetects real and faked speech. It is an AE design that has been adapted to accommodate thehuman visual mechanism

ARP SPOOFING-BASED MITM ATTACK IN DATA LINK LAYER USING THE HYBRID METHOD- CONVLSTM-ECC

The ARP protocol is used to determine the MAC Address of a device whose IP address isknown. When a device wants to interact with another device on the network, it uses ARP todetermine the MAC Address of the device with which it wishes to communicate. The ARPpoisoning or ARP spoofing technique is used in the MITM attack. This is accomplished bytaking advantage of two security flaws. The first is that each ARP request or response isregarded as legitimate. Simply inform any device on your network that you are the router,and the device will trust you. The simulated data is displayed as a trace graph, whichcontains the communication records. The trace graph's standard trace format contains 54features that display all of the packet communication's details. The ConvLSTM model canutilize the data once it has been pre-processed since it removes the unneeded data. TheConvolutional LSTM (ConvLSTM) model is an extended form of the LSTM (Long Short-TermMemory) model, which is itself an enhanced version of RNN (Recurrent Neural Network).The proposed the Hybrid ConvLSTM-ECC method, which uses convolutional layers forfeature extraction from raw data to detect the Data Link layer's ARP Spoofing-based MITMattack nodes in a wired and wireless context. The output is given into the LSTM model, whichpredicts detection accuracy and mitigates ARP Spoofing-based MITM attacks by producingsignatures for node authentication using the data

DISPLACEMENT AND CREATIVE REPRESENTATIONS OF KASHMIR IN VARIOUS NOVELS

The aim of this paper is that literature, by virtue of its inherent representational nature, dealsdirectly or indirectly with human problems specific to a certain environment and time. Thenature of form and content of creative expression in harsh situations of violence induced bysectarian schisms, cultural collapse, and aggressive politics may be seen in contemporaryliterature on Kashmir. Many writers have tackled various subjects in modern literature aboutKashmir, but no single writer has produced major work, hence it is necessary for the scope ofmy research to include several writers. Forced displacement has been a unifying experiencefor Kashmiris all over the world, enhancing their awareness of their identity as Kashmiris. Asa result, refugees have played an important role in reminding their fellow citizens of theterritory's social and political dislocation. The primary goal of this research was to examinesome of the most representative stories, poetry, and novels accessible in Kashmiri andEnglish in relation to various social, cultural, and psychological variables that contributed tothe turbulence that enveloped an entire valley and shook it to its core

Exploring Gender Disparities in the Utilization of Electronic Information Sources among Indian Doctoral Students: A Thematic Analysis

Electronic information sources are essential for PhD students in India\u27s expanding higher education system. This cohort\u27s gender differences in electronic information resource access, use, and choice are examined. Inclusion and diversity in digital academia need understanding how gender affects information-seeking and resource utilization. Academic equity policies are informed by qualitative thematic analysis of gender inequality. In the digital age, higher education gender equality is crucial. This study examines Indian PhD students\u27 electronic information use by gender. Gender-related information-seeking habits and preferences are examined to find impediments and opportunities for equal access and use. Scholarship must address gender-related information access and use inequities to include women in academia and student resource access. This study examines electronic information resource use, literacy, and barriers in different male and female participants. Surveys illustrate how people choose, evaluate, and use digital information. Many of the analyzed population uses E-journals, E-databases (Research & Statistical Database), and E-databases (Abstracting & Indexing). Interestingly, resource consumption gender discrepancies were minor, indicating equitable access. Despite skill category differences, respondents were confident in their information literacy. These self-assessments demonstrate the need for information literacy training to empower users. Our study found that low computer skills, internet access, power supply instability, and information overload impede technology use. Address these issues for equitable digital resource access and use. This study suggests treating and supporting male and female users. Future study should address socio-economic and cultural resource use issues to create an inclusive and informed digital environment

Plant Recognition using Hog and Artificial Neural Network

This paper presents a plant leaf recognition system being implemented through Artificial Neural Networks. The system proposed is designed using MATLAB Software which takes a leaf image from the user and classifies, recognizes the plant species and shows all the relevant details about the plant.it also incorporates a webpage from various plant databases. The leaf features are extracted by using a HOG (Histograms of Oriented Gradients) vector and the ANN(Artificial Neural Network) is used in training through Backpropagation. We have extracted the HOG features from the flavia datasheet of leaves and trained them in the Neural Network. The results were nearly perfect and the accuracy of the program implemented is very high compared with other models

Curcumin And Etoricoxib Encapsulated Liposomes: Formulation, Characterization And Anti-Inflammatory Effects In Rat Models

To enhance anti-inflammatory efficacy of Curcumin (CURC) and Etoricoxib (ETRX); and to reduce their notorious side effects, they were loaded into liposomal formulations (LFs). The present study aimed at formulation, characterization and evaluation of anti-inflammatory effects of LFs of CURC in combination with ETRX in experimental acute inflammation (AI) in rat model induced by carrageenan administration. The existing pharmaceuticals for treating arthritis are analgesics, steroids and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), which reduce the symptoms such as severe pain and inflammation. Classical NSAIDs are cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitors that inhibit prostaglandins (PGs) and thromboxane synthesis, thereby reducing inflammation. New NSAIDs selectively inhibit COX-2 and are usually specific to inflamed tissue, which decreases the risk of peptic ulcer. However, their long-term use cannot be sustained due to inadequate pain relief, immune disturbances and serious gastrointestinal and cardiovascular adverse events. Therefore, plant-based product like CURC with anti-inflammatory properties and minimum side effects are needed for the treatment of arthritis, including rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis, especially after the withdrawal of many Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved anti- inflammatory drugs. However, its poor solubility, low chemical stability and short half-life following systemic absorption contribute to CURC being considered a pharmaceutical challenge. Numerous delivery systems have been proposed as means to tailor its biological properties. In this research, we are particularly interested in potential of CURC as an anti-inflammatory agent in combination with ETRX and delivery in the form of LFs. ETRX; a NSAID is proposed to treat inflammation in rat model as it is known for its anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic effects. ETRX, a widely prescribed anti- inflammatory drug belongs to class IΙ under BCS (biopharmaceutical classification system) and exhibit variable oral bioavailability due to its poor aqueous solubility. This research is aimed to study synergistic effect of a natural compound CURC and an allopathic NSAID moiety ETRX to treat inflammation in rat model, by oral ingestion in the form of LF as an efficient drug delivery system. Hence, we propose LF as a mean to overcome the CURC limitations. Liposomes (LPs) encapsulation of CURC makes this formulation amenable to circumvent the problem of poor oral availability that limits the utility of free CURC. The LFs can potentiate the effects of encapsulated drugs by sustaining the release over an extended period of time. The results of our study demonstrated that the association of CURC with ETRX in the form of LFs could potentiate the anti-inflammatory effects in reduced doses in vitro and in rat model. The LFs were spherical in shape in TEM images at various resolutions. The particle size of optimized CURC-ETRX LPs was found to be 276.1 nm with PDI value of 24.5. The maximum EE for CURC and ETRX in optimized formulation (F2) was found 98.915% and 93.877% respectively. The % EE of CURC-ETRX loaded LFs was found to be dependent on the lipid concentration, resulting almost quantitatively for a maximum 15 mg of total lipids (PC+CL) and progressively decreasing at higher 20 mg of total lipid (PC+CL) content, may be due to precipitation of drugs at higher lipid concentrations. The cumulative percentage release of CURC and ETRX from optimized formulations was found to be 59.64% and 83.11% respectively, for a period of 24 hours. We investigated the in vivo effect of CURC and ETRX loaded LF on local edema in carrageenan-induced paw edema in rat model. The percentage inhibition of edema in rat model was found to be better for CURC-ETRX LF in comparison to conventional CURC and ETRX in solution forms (p<0.05). Hence, the association of CURC and ETRX to a low dose in the form of LFs could be an appropriate combination to decrease NSAID doses used to reduce pain, inflammatory cytokines, and histological changes in AI

A Review Paper on Management of Big Data

Big Data is everywhere around us.In previous era,there is an increase in demand of big data,business analytics and work environment.The big data is dominantly practice-driven,the corporations are exploring how big volume of data can be used to produce and store values for the company and governments.Though the machine learning and web analytics is to guess the action of the individuals,choice of the consumer or search action.Big Data is rapid tool that not only study patterns, but also give the diving possibility of an event.Corporations have stepped on the trend of using the big capacity of data that is forever increasing,often in terra or petabytes,to better guess results with large accuracy.The United Nation has passed another initiative named Global Pulse that manipulates new digital data sources such as mobile calls or mobile payments.Now big data has become a mainstream as a corporate terms,there is a small published management scholarship that handles the provocation of using such tools.In this research paper, we explore about the concepts of Big Data and how to manage it

A Review Paper on Management of Big Data

Big Data is everywhere around us.In previous era,there is an increase in demand of big data,business analytics and work environment.The big data is dominantly practice-driven,the corporations are exploring how big volume of data can be used to produce and store values for the company and governments.Though the machine learning and web analytics is to guess the action of the individuals,choice of the consumer or search action.Big Data is rapid tool that not only study patterns, but also give the diving possibility of an event.Corporations have stepped on the trend of using the big capacity of data that is forever increasing,often in terra or petabytes,to better guess results with large accuracy.The United Nation has passed another initiative named Global Pulse that manipulates new digital data sources such as mobile calls or mobile payments.Now big data has become a mainstream as a corporate terms,there is a small published management scholarship that handles the provocation of using such tools.In this research paper, we explore about the concepts of Big Data and how to manage it