Brief review on the physics of solid-state lighting device

In this review, the chronological advances of solid state lighting (SSL) alongside the theoretical predictions was examined. The discussion includes its crystallographic orientations, substrate growth, colour rendering, misfit dislocations, quantum well fabrication, stacking fault and energy efficiency. It has been discovered that the challenges confronting the potential of SSL devices may not just be ambient temperature of the operating environment or the safe limits of the blue/white-light hazard. This paper sheds lighter on the physics responsible for the SSL white lighting, wave function lapping at different crystallographic orientations and stress relaxation limits of quantum well (QW) heterointerface

Brief review on the physics of solid-state lighting device

In this review, the chronological advances of solid state lighting (SSL) alongside the theoretical predictions was examined. The discussion includes its crystallographic orientations, substrate growth, colour rendering, misfit dislocations, quantum well fabrication, stacking fault and energy efficiency. It has been discovered that the challenges confronting the potential of SSL devices may not just be ambient temperature of the operating environment or the safe limits of the blue/white-light hazard. This paper sheds lighter on the physics responsible for the SSL white lighting, wave function lapping at different crystallographic orientations and stress relaxation limits of quantum well (QW) heterointerface

Brief review on the physics of solid-state lighting device

In this review, the chronological advances of solid state lighting (SSL) alongside the theoretical predictions was examined. The discussion includes its crystallographic orientations, substrate growth, colour rendering, misfit dislocations, quantum well fabrication, stacking fault and energy efficiency. It has been discovered that the challenges confronting the potential of SSL devices may not just be ambient temperature of the operating environment or the safe limits of the blue/white-light hazard. This paper sheds lighter on the physics responsible for the SSL white lighting, wave function lapping at different crystallographic orientations and stress relaxation limits of quantum well (QW) heterointerfaces

Novel Liquid Semiconductor Shield for Photovoltaic Modules: Application at Liquid State

Inefficiency of the polymeric material of the photovoltaic (PV) module to shield the solar cell from UV radiation has made the maintenance cost of solar energy generation high. The results from the usage of colour plastic cellophanes as PV shield are not promising. In this study, a novel solid-state bio-filter (SSB) was synthesized using silver nitrate salt and hibiscus flower extract. The results show that the novel SSB material mitigates UV radiation via two processes i.e. reflection of UV radiation and processing of the remaining UV radiation into peaks. It was also observed that the SSB has three absorption levels and a bandgap of 3.194 eV. It is recommended that further study be carried-out to estimate the portion of UV radiation that has been reflected

Learning Analytics: Professional Fees Equilibrium and Ethics between Estate Surveyors and Valuers and Clients

The professional scale of charges for estate surveyors and valuers as published by the regulatory body, the Estate Surveyors and Valuers Registration Board of Nigeria (ESVARBON) is a point of concern. This is because of the arbitrary negotiation, which most often than not have been done by parties concerned with the valuation assignment. Negotiation, which has been regarded as inevitable in dealings, if not curtailed in practice, could lead to incessant flaws of ethics. The study was confined to mortgage valuation as earlier works revealed its preponderance amongst other valuation types. This work aimed at determining an optimum scale of professional charges from a more scientific means using the Artificial Neural Network (ANN) aided from past negotiation between clients and practicing estate surveyors and valuers in the study area. The determination of equilibrium was more transient, particularly as the value of properties increases. The result derived will serve as a policy statement for the profession of estate surveying and valuation in charting a better course for practice

Modified Pricing Model for Negotiation of Mortgage Valuation Between Estate Surveyors and Valuers and Their Clients

Negotiation is inevitable in every sphere of life. This has transcended conflicts to the business world that is already ensnared by the negotiation of fees charged clients by estate surveyors and valuers after handling valuation jobs. To curtail the indiscriminate negotiation that goes on to even ridiculous charges, this work aimed at determining an equilibrium pricing through a model using mortgage valuation that records the greatest valuation in Nigeria. The researchers opine that such valuation would be a guide establishing a flexible relationship between fees chargeable and fees payable between both parties. As such, a modified mathematical model was used to harmonize the connection between the estate valuers and client fees in Nigeria. Implications for practice and research were discussed

Auctioneering in the Practice of Estate Surveyors and Valuers

There has been recent agitation amongst estate surveyors and valuers that auctioneering ought to be an aspect of their practice. This crave for supremacy appears contestable as they have not had an exclusive preserve in this aspect of practice coupled with the participation of other professionals. This study thereby aimed at discovering the prospect of estate surveyors and valuers in auctioneering amongst various stakeholders. Questionnaires were distributed to one hundred and eighty-three (183) estate surveyors and valuers in Lagos State, thirty-nine (39) auction houses in Lagos state and eleven (11) government agencies who require the services of auctioneers. The use of descriptive and inferential statistics such as the Relative Importance Index (RII), Chi-square test and Kruskal-Wallis test of significance were used in the analysis of the data. It was revealed that although the proportion of estate surveyors and valuers engaged in auctioneering are quite minimal, they are still substantial compared to other contending professionals. Estate surveyors and valuers are being vaunted to handle auctioneering even though caution has to be applied in the result not being significant at the 5% significant level but significant at the 1% level of significance. The need for professionals exclusively known as auctioneers was advocated. The researchers thereby opine that the inclusion of auctioneering in the curriculum of all higher institutions offering estate management will be a welcome development that will give the estate surveyors and valuers the hedge for specialization as the professional auctioneer being advocated from responses in the study

The Impact of Traffic Gridlock on Values of Residential Properties in Apapa, Lagos Nigeria

Traffic gridlock has been a concern in research particularly in determining its effect on property values. Resultant findings have either been a negative or positive impact. For the case of Apapa in Lagos State which is the focus of this present study, traffic gridlock has been an experience of over ten years, hence the need to discover its impact on various property value types as against the collective findings in most previous research. Student-T test of significance at a 95% level of confidence was adopted with results derived for all property types of the calculated T result far outweighing that of the stipulated Tabulated T result of 1.645. These findings for all property types indicate that the increase in property values for various property types have not been distorted by the traffic gridlock and as such investors in residential properties in the study area will always make their profit notwithstanding the gridlock. The researchers hereby advocated further research in determining the choice of residency in Apapa notwithstanding the traffic gridloc

Influence of Facilities on Patronage of the Various Shopping Malls in Ibadan, Nigeria

The way shopping malls have sprawled every nook and cranny particularly in the developing economy is evident from major cities to even sub-urban areas. The expansion evident in the various locations of these shopping malls can be attributed to its patronage. Earlier researchers have linked the patronage of these malls to influences resulting from location, gender, image, type of shoppers amongst other. Even though studies on facilities and how it influences patronage are evident particularly in the developed economies such work also studied other factors thereby not giving a detailed finding on the linkage between facilities provided in such malls and the level of patronage from shoppers. This present study thereby focuses on influence of facilities provided on patronage of the five (5) identified shopping malls in Ibadan, Oyo State Nigeria. The study being a cross-sectional research survey entailed the distribution of questionnaires to 143, 126, 127, 145 and 126 shoppers of Cocoa Mall; Heritage Mall; Jericho Mall; Palms Mall and Ventura Mall, respectively all located in the study area, Ibadan. A cumulative response rate of 80.3% was attained. Data collected was analysed using descriptive statistics of weighted mean and substantiated with factor analysis. It was revealed that most identified facilities in the malls have a great influence on patronage of the malls. However, in order to avoid superfluity of investment, investors could commence provision of Eatery/ Food court (Co-V1, 0.72) as recreation facility; Kids play center (Co-V1, 0.79) as children’s facility; Toilet/Restroom (Co-V1, 0.84) as service facility; POS (Co-V1, 0.91) as banking facility and free medical checkup (Co- V1, 0.91) as health facility as these have most remarkable influence on patronage of the malls. The researchers hereby advocated that investors can be guided in the provision of the relevant facilities to prevent superfluity while the keen sustenance of these specific facilities can sustain patronage of the various malls in the study area

Demographic Characteristics and the Attraction to Facilities in Shopping Malls: A Case of Ibadan, Nigeria

The paper aimed at determining the demographic features of customers in shopping mall that are prone to be attracted by facilities in the malls. The five shopping malls in Ibadan, Nigeria were studied. The research which is a cross-sectional survey adopted the intercept approach to customers resulting to the distribution of 143, 126, 127, 145 and 126 shoppers of the respective malls. A response rate of over 80% was attained and data collected was analysed using the weighted mean and confirmation test on the significance of result was achieved using the Chi-Square test of significance at 95% confidence level. Out of the four demographic features studied, it was discovered that only gender had significant result as females were more likely to be attracted to facilities provided in shopping malls than their male counterpart. The researchers hereby advocated gender sensitivity in erecting facilities in malls as that might enhance patronage