Plasties mammaires de réduction dérivées de la technique de Mac Kissock (étude rétrospective à propos de 203 cas)

DIJON-BU Médecine Pharmacie (212312103) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocSudocFranceF

Design and construction of a large-scale sand-bentonite seal in the Meuse/Haute Marne underground research laboratory : NSC experiment

During the excavation of a shaft or drift, the rock properties around the underground openings could be altered due to the level of the ratio in situ stresses over strength of the rock. And even in some case, the rock mass could be fractured. One concern regarding waste disposal is that the associated disturbance and damage created in this area around these excavations might change the favorable properties of such formations and thus negatively impact the repository performance. To limit radionuclides migration along drifts and through the EDZ, seals will be implemented in drifts and shafts. These seals will be composed of swelling clay (mainly bentonite) core in between two concrete plugs. After natural hydration from the surrounding rock mass, the bentonite will swell and apply radial pressure against the drift wall. In this context, ANDRA designs a large scale sealing experiment which is called NSC (French acronym for Noyau de SCellement) The main objective is to back analyze the equivalent permeability of the seal in place in order to check the efficiency of such seal. Before to reach this ambitious goal, numerous output will be provided by this experiment on the effect of the hydration of the seal: evolution of the permeability (at the interface seal/claystone and in the surrounding rock mainly the damaged zone), the pressure build up on the concrete plug. The experiment is not a demonstration of the seal emplacement technique. Lot of sensors has to be installed in the seal and around it and results have to obtain over a reasonable timescale. That implies that properties and emplacement of the seal could not be fully representative of the forecast seal

Does Long-Term GPS in the Western Alps Finally Confirm Earthquake Mechanisms?

International audienceThe availability of GPS survey data spanning 22 years, along with several independent velocity solutions including up to 16 years of permanent GPS data, presents a unique opportunity to search for persistent (and thus reliable) deformation patterns in the Western Alps, which in turn allow a reinterpretation of the active tectonics of this region. While GPS velocities are still too uncertain to be interpreted on an individual basis, the analysis of range-perpendicular GPS velocity profiles clearly highlights zones of extension in the center of the belt (15.3 to 3.1 nanostrain/year from north to south), with shortening in the forelands. The contrasting geodetic deformation pattern is coherent with earthquake focal mechanisms and related strain/stress patterns over the entire Western Alps. The GPS results finally provide a reliable and robust quantification of the regional strain rates. The observed vertical motions of 2.0 to 0.5 mm/year of uplift from north to south in the core of the Western Alps is interpreted to result from buoyancy forces related to postglacial rebound, erosional unloading, and/or viscosity anomalies in the crustal and lithospheric root. Spatial decorrelation between vertical and horizontal (seismicity related) deformation calls for a combination of processes to explain the complex present-day dynamics of the Western Alps

Prenatal diagnosis by trio exome sequencing in fetuses with ultrasound anomalies: A powerful diagnostic tool

International audienceIntroduction: Prenatal ultrasound (US) anomalies are detected in around 5%–10% of pregnancies. In prenatal diagnosis, exome sequencing (ES) diagnostic yield ranges from 6% to 80% depending on the inclusion criteria. We describe the first French national multicenter pilot study aiming to implement ES in prenatal diagnosis following the detection of anomalies on US. Patients and methods: We prospectively performed prenatal trio-ES in 150 fetuses with at least two US anomalies or one US anomaly known to be frequently linked to a genetic disorder. Trio-ES was only performed if the results could influence pregnancy management. Chromosomal microarray (CMA) was performed before or in parallel. Results: A causal diagnosis was identified in 52/150 fetuses (34%) with a median time to diagnosis of 28 days, which rose to 56/150 fetuses (37%) after additional investigation. Sporadic occurrences were identified in 34/56 (60%) fetuses and unfavorable vital and/or neurodevelopmental prognosis was made in 13/56 (24%) fetuses. The overall diagnostic yield was 41% (37/89) with first-line trio-ES versus 31% (19/61) after normal CMA. Trio-ES and CMA were systematically concordant for identification of pathogenic CNV. Conclusion: Trio-ES provided a substantial prenatal diagnostic yield, similar to postnatal diagnosis with a median turnaround of approximately 1 month, supporting its routine implementation during the detection of prenatal US anomalies