Mitigating Negative Impacts of Adverse Childhood Experiences: A Strength-Based Approach

Mitigating Negative Impacts of Adverse Childhood Experiences: A Strength-Based Approach Nicholas Montello, RN Purpose: Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) are common among Vermont youth, and Vermont has insufficient treatment resources to address their negative impacts. A strength-based approach (SBA) mitigates the negative impacts of ACEs by using a person’s assets to build resilience to ACEs. This project is designed to increase healthcare worker and patient/caregiver knowledge of ACEs via the SBA. Methods: An evidence-based quality improvement intervention was implemented at a pediatric primary care office in rural Vermont, based on the Bodega Model for a strength-based approach. Healthcare worker knowledge and use of the SBA was assessed after an educational intervention. Materials with information on the SBA were set up for patients in the waiting room. Surveys assessed patient knowledge and perceptions of the SBA. Results: 62% of healthcare workers reported increased knowledge of SBA elements after the educational intervention, and workers reported a 50% increase in usage of SBA elements in the 3 months after the educational intervention. 60% of healthcare workers saw the SBA as cost effective. 100% of surveyed patients reported confidence in using the SBA. All patients who responded to surveys believed that the SBA could help them deal with adversity. Conclusions: The SBA can be effective in primary care for mitigating the negative impacts of ACEs, as noted by health care workers, patients and caregivers. Healthcare workers increased their usage of this evidence-based intervention after the educational session, suggesting that lack of knowledge of the SBA could be a prior barrier to use

Rational Requirements for Moral Motivation: The Psychopath\u27s Open Question

Psychopaths pose a challenge to those who make claims about the strength of moral assessments. These individuals are entirely unmoved by the moral rules that they articulate and purportedly espouse. Psychopaths appear rationally intact but are emotionally broken. In some cases, they commit horrendous crimes yet show no guilt, no remorse. Sentimentalists claim that the empirical evidence about psychopaths’ affective deficits supports that moral judgment is rooted in emotion and that psychopaths do not make genuine moral judgments—they can’t. Here, I challenge an explanation of psychopathy that indicts psychopaths’ emotional impairments alone. I conclude that there are rational requirements for moral motivation and that psychological and neuroscientific research support that psychopaths do not make the grade

Stylolites: characteristics and origin

Stylolites are alternating interpenetrating columns of stone that form irregular interlocking partings or sutures in rock strata. They are most common along bedding planes of limestone but some are oblique or even perpendicular to bedding . Although the vast majority of stylolites occur in calcareous rocks, stylolites have been found in sandstone, quartzite and gypsum. The word "stylolite" refers to each individual column of stone. Across section of a group of stylolites parallel to their length presents a rough, jagged line called a "stylolite seam" that resembles the sutures of a human skull. Stylolites always have a dark colored "clay" cap at the ends of the columns. The sides of the columns are typically discolored with a thin film of clay and show parallel flutings or striations that parallel their length. The shapes of individual stylolites vary greatly from broad flat-topped columns to pointed, jagged and tapering forms. After much controversy concerning the origin of stylolites, it is generally believed that they form by a process of chemical solution under pressure in lithified rock along some crack or seam. The interteething is produced because of differential solubilities and pressures within the rock unit. The clay cap on the stylolites is the non-soluble residue of the dissolved rock. Stylolites are only one of the possible end products in the spectrum of limestone responses to stress. They form in limestone units that have structural resistance to stress and contain relatively little clay or silt. Stylolites may play a major role in initiating or preserving oil accumulations in limestone. Where they are formed due to tectonic compression, stylolites may be useful in providing information on paleo-stress patterns.No embarg

MMFlood: A Multimodal Dataset for Flood Delineation from Satellite Imagery

Accurate flood delineation is crucial in many disaster management tasks, such as risk map production and update, impact estimation, claim verification, or planning of countermeasures for disaster risk reduction. Open remote sensing resources such as the data provided by the Copernicus ecosystem enable to carry out this activity, which benefits from frequent revisit times on a global scale. In the last decades, satellite imagery has been successfully applied to flood delineation problems, especially considering Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) signals. However, current remote mapping services rely on time-consuming manual or semi-automated approaches, requiring the intervention of domain experts. The implementation of accurate and scalable automated pipelines is hindered by the scarcity of large-scale annotated datasets. To address these issues, we propose MMFlood, a multimodal remote sensing dataset purposely designed for flood delineation. The dataset contains 1,748 Sentinel-1 acquisitions, comprising 95 flood events distributed across 42 countries. Along with satellite imagery, the dataset includes the Digital Elevation Model (DEM), hydrography maps, and flood delineation maps provided by Copernicus EMS, which is considered as ground truth. To provide baseline performances on the MMFlood test set, we conduct a number of experiments of the flood delineation task using state-of-art deep learning models, and we evaluate the performance gains of entropy-based sampling and multi-encoder architectures, which are respectively used to tackle two of the main challenges posed by MMFlood, namely the class unbalance and the multimodal setting. Lastly, we provide a future outlook on how to further improve the performance of the flood delineation task

Dyadic Route Planning and Navigation in Collaborative Wayfinding

The great majority of work in spatial cognition has taken an individual approach to the study of wayfinding, isolating the planning and decision-making process of a single navigating entity. The study we present here expands our understanding of human navigation as it unfolds in a social context, common to real-world scenarios. We investigate pedestrian navigation by pairs of people (dyads) in an unfamiliar, real-world environment. Participants collaborated on a task to plan and enact a route between a given origin and destination. Each dyad had to devise and agree upon a route to take using a paper map of the environment, and was then taken to the environment and asked to navigate to the destination from memory alone. We video-recorded and tracked the dyad as they interacted during both planning and navigation. Our results examine explanations for successful route planning and sources of uncertainty in navigation. This includes differences between situated and prospective planning - participants often modify their route-following on the fly based on unexpected challenges. We also investigate strategies of social role-taking (leading and following) within dyads

Sistema especialista para predição de complicações cardiovasculares integrado a um sistema de controle de pacientes portadores de diabetes mellitus /

Dissertação (Mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Tecnológico

Using virtual environments to investigate wayfinding in 8- to 12-year-olds and adults

Wayfinding is the ability to learn and recall a route through an environment. Theories of wayfinding suggest that for children to learn a route successfully, they must have repeated experience of it, but in this experiment we investigated whether children could learn a route after only a single experience of the route. A total of 80 participants from the United Kingdom in four groups of 20 8-year-olds, 10-year-olds, 12-year-olds, and adults were shown a route through a 12-turn maze in a virtual environment. At each junction, there was a unique object that could be used as a land- mark. Participants were ‘‘walked” along the route just once (with- out any verbal prompts) and then were asked to retrace the route from the start without any help. Nearly three quarters of the 12- year-olds, half of the 10-year-olds, and a third of the 8-year-olds retraced the route without any errors the first time they traveled it on their own. This finding suggests that many young children can learn routes, even with as many as 12 turns, very quickly and without the need for repeated experience. The implications for theories of wayfinding that emphasize the need for extensive experience are discussed

On discriminating temporal relations: Is it relational?

Pigeons were presented on each trial with a pair of keylight stimuli that varied in duration. One of two subsequent choices was reinforced, depending on which of the two stimuli was longer. For some pairs, the duration of one stimulus was predictive of relative duration, but for other pairs, absolute duration was unpredictive. Choice responses depended on relative differences between the stimuli, but were also controlled to some degree by absolute duration of the second member of the pair. Individual differences in control by absolute and relative duration were evident. Those pigeons whose behavior was most influenced by absolute duration showed poorer transfer to a different set of duration pairs

Aflatoxina M1 em leite: um risco para a saúde pública.

Introdução. As Aflatoxinas. A Aflatoxina M1 (AFM1). Mecanismos de contaminação do leite por AFM1. Principais efeitos tóxicos. Relação de AFB1 ingerida e a concentração de AFM1, excretada no leite. Prevenção. Métodos de detecção e qualificação de Aflatoxina M1 em leite e derivados. Legislação. Referências bibliográficas.bitstream/item/79983/1/doc67-2005.pd