Remming pada Reaksi Wassermann dan Sebab-sebabnya

keywords: remming, reaksi serologi, syphilis, lysis erythrocit, hemolysi

Overcoming the Barriers for Participation by the Disabled: An appraisal and global view of community-based rehabilitation in community development

The discipline of rehabilitation developed after the Second World War. Some disabled people were reintegrated into the society due to advances in technical aids, appliances and assistive technology. The transfer of these aids and technology to developing countries was facilitated by the United Nations Organization (UNO). The results, however, did not get to the rural communities. The number of people with disability worldwide, and particularly in the developing countries, is increasing due to wars, conflicts, vehicular accidents, chronic diseases, mental impairment, birth defects and malnutrition. Many of these people face participation-restriction in activities of life. This paper appraises the emergence and the global view of community-based rehabilitation (CBR). The review and remodelling of CBR in developing countries, and its inclusion in community development will enhance the reintegration of the disabled individuals into the society. KEY WORDS: disabled, community based rehabilitation, reintegration, community developmen

Evaluation of the Mode of Referral of Patients for Physiotherapy by Physicians

The physiotherapy profession has emerged not only as an important medical and rehabilitation complement in health care delivery but also as a vital therapeutic tool with defined scientifically based protocols. In Nigeria, it is used as a prescription rather than as a referral, on a consultation basis, but its use as a prescription is gradually being discouraged in some developed countries. There seems to be a low level of awareness of this development, particularly in the developing countries. This study was therefore designed to evaluate the physicians’ mode of referral of patients for physiotherapy in Nigeria. A total of 1192 physicians participated in the survey, a 78 per cent response rate. They were required to complete a 22-item self developed closed-ended questionnaire using a sample of opportunity. The questionnaire obtained information on demographic data, educational attainment, university of graduation, year of graduation and mode of referral for physiotherapy. A total of 1054 (88.4%) respondents agreed that physiotherapists were trained enough to make clinical decisions on the treatment of their patients and 678 (56.9%) referred patients for physiotherapy. Of the respondents who agreed that physiotherapists are trained well enough to make clinical decisions on the treatment of their patients, 786 (74.6%) graduated from universities that also have a physiotherapy training programme. The majority 442 (68.2%) of these respondents and 603 (79.4%) of the respondents who received some form of lectures in physiotherapy during their medical training or whose universities had a physiotherapy training programme did not include prescriptions in their referrals. KEY WORDS: physicians, mode of referral, physiotherap

Instrumentos de avaliação do aleitamento materno e seu uso na prática clínica

RESUMO Objetivos Identificar instrumentos de avaliação da amamentação e sua aplicação na prática clínica, validação e adaptação transcultural. Método Revisão integrativa, realizada em seis bases de dados e em uma biblioteca eletrônica, entre agosto/2014-dezembro/2015, sem limitação temporal. Resultados Foram identificados 19 instrumentos de avaliação do AM. Destes, 12 foram validados e cinco foram adaptados transculturalmente. Quanto à aplicação, destacam-se seu uso para a avaliação do risco de desmame (BAPT) e a percepção/comportamento da mulher em amamentar (BSES-SF e IIFAS). Conclusão A identificação dos instrumentos disponíveis e de suas indicações para a avaliação do AM pode auxiliar profissionais na escolha pelo instrumento a ser utilizado, qualificando a assistência materno-infantil

The Role of Maternal Depression on Treatment Outcome for Children with Externalizing Behavior Problems

Studies have shown that, on average, Parent Management Training combined with cognitive-behavioral therapy decreases children’s externalizing behavior, but some children do not improve through treatment. The current study aimed to examine the role of maternal depression in understanding this variability in treatment outcome. Children with externalizing behavioral problems and their parents were recruited from combined Parent Management Training and Cognitive-Behavioral programs in “real-world” clinical settings. At pre- and post treatment, maternal depression and children’s externalizing behavior were assessed. Results showed that treatment was less effective for children of depressed mothers compared to non-depressed mothers and that improvements in maternal depression were associated with improvements in children’s externalizing behavior. These findings suggest that treatment programs for children with externalizing problems may be able to improve outcomes if maternal depression is a target of intervention

Clinical Characteristics of Subependymal Giant Cell Astrocytoma in Tuberous Sclerosis Complex

BACKGROUND: This study evaluated the characteristics of subependymal giant cell astrocytoma (SEGA) in patients with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) entered into the TuberOus SClerosis registry to increase disease Awareness (TOSCA). METHODS: The study was conducted at 170 sites across 31 countries. Data from patients of any age with a documented clinical visit for TSC in the 12 months preceding enrollment or those newly diagnosed with TSC were entered. RESULTS: SEGA were reported in 554 of 2,216 patients (25%). Median age at diagnosis of SEGA was 8 years (range, 18 years. SEGA were symptomatic in 42.1% of patients. Symptoms included increased seizure frequency (15.8%), behavioural disturbance (11.9%), and regression/loss of cognitive skills (9.9%), in addition to those typically associated with increased intracranial pressure. SEGA were significantly more frequent in patients with TSC2 compared to TSC1 variants (33.7 vs. 13.2 %, p < 0.0001). Main treatment modalities included surgery (59.6%) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors (49%). CONCLUSIONS: Although SEGA diagnosis and growth typically occurs during childhood, SEGA can occur and grow in both infants and adults