Reconstructing alcohol-induced memory blackouts

Many people who drink alcohol have experienced a blackout; whereby they are unable to recall events that occurred during a period of intoxication. Following these blackout episodes individuals may attempt to reconstruct what happened to them. Blackouts therefore afford an excellent opportunity to study the strategies people use to reconstruct forgotten experiences. We conducted a survey of university students to explore how people choose to reconstruct blackouts, and the likely accuracy of these reconstructions. Our findings add to the growing research literature on people's strategies for validating their past experiences, and highlight the important role of external sources in the reconstruction process. The data show that people's desire to “fill in the blanks” can lead them to rely on rather unreliable sources, and may also encourage them to adopt weaker source-monitoring criteria. Indeed, in at least some cases reconstructing blackouts appears to lead to the development of false beliefs or memories

Prevalencia de los síntomas musculo esqueléticos en conductores de una empresa de transporte en Bogotá, 2018

INTRODUCCIÓN: El Instituto Nacional de Seguridad y Salud Ocupacional define a los trastornos musculo esqueléticos (TME) como un grupo de afecciones que involucran los nervios, tendones, músculos y estructuras de soporte, como los discos intervertebrales. Los TME son un importante problema de salud pública en todo el mundo, afectan la calidad de vida y causan una morbilidad y discapacidad importantes. La conducción profesional esté asociada con TME, su prevalencia se encuentra entre el 35% al 60% en el cuello, espalda, hombros y rodilla/muslos en los conductores de buses. OBJETIVO: Establecer la prevalencia y los síntomas musculo esqueléticos en los conductores de una empresa de transporte en Bogotá. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: se llevó a cabo un estudio descriptivo de corte trasversal en 100 conductores de una empresa de transportes en Bogotá. Se incluyeron variables sociodemográficas, laborales y las relacionadas con los síntomas musculoesqueléticos, los cuales fueron evaluados aplicando el cuestionario Nórdico. En el análisis estadístico se obtuvieron las frecuencias absolutas y proporciones y medidas de tendencia central y dispersión según naturaleza y escala de las variables y se midieron asociaciones estadísticas con el fin de conocer las variables que se relacionan con el evento. RESULTADOS: la prevalencia de los síntomas musculoesqueléticos fue mayor en la región lumbar (54%), seguido de cuello (31%), hombro (28%), muñeca o mano (17%) y codo o antebrazo (12%). Los factores que se encontraron asociado significativamente con la prevalencia de síntomas musculo esqueléticos fueron: edad (p= 0.00), horas de trabajo al día (p = 0,025), antigüedad laboral en la empresa (p = 0.00). CONCLUSIONES: Este estudio reportó que el 100% de los conductores manifestaron sintomatología osteomuscular en algún segmento corporal, asociado a factores sociodemográficos (edad) y laborales (antigüedad laboral en la empresa, horas de trabajo al día).INTRODUCTION: The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health defines skeletal muscle disorders (MSD) as a group of conditions that involve nerves, tendons, muscles and supporting structures, such as intervertebral discs. MSDs are a major public health problem worldwide, they affect the quality of life and cause significant morbidity and disability. Professional driving is associated with TME, its prevalence is between 35% to 60% in the neck, back, shoulders and knee / thighs in bus drivers. OBJECTIVE: To establish the prevalence and skeletal muscle symptoms in the drivers of a transport company in Bogotá. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out on 100 drivers of a transport company in Bogotá. Sociodemographic, labor variables and those related to musculoskeletal symptoms were included, which were evaluated by applying the Nordic questionnaire. In the statistical analysis the absolute frequencies and proportions and measures of central tendency and dispersion were obtained according to the nature and scale of the variables and statistical associations were measured in order to know the variables related to the event. RESULTS: The prevalence of musculoskeletal symptoms was higher in the lumbar region (54%), followed by neck (31%), shoulder (28%), wrist or hand (17%) and elbow or forearm (12%). The factors that were found to be significantly associated with the prevalence of skeletal muscle symptoms were: age (p = 0.00), hours of work per day (p = 0.025), seniority in the company (p = 0.00). CONCLUSIONS: This study reported that 100% of drivers showed osteomuscular symptoms in some body segment, associated with sociodemographic (age) and labor factors (work seniority in the company, hours of work per day)