The development and validation of the Videogaming Motives Questionnaire (VMQ)

Gaming motives are important factors for explaining individual differences in videogame-related behaviors. The aim of the present study was to develop a new comprehensive but brief instrument–the Videogaming Motives Questionnaire (VMQ)–which embraces some of the most relevant gaming motives. In a first study, a pilot exploratory factor analysis (EFA) with data from 140 undergraduates was performed on items from twelve potential motives. This identified eight main factors: recreation, social interaction, coping, violent reward, fantasy, cognitive development, customization, and competition. In Studies 2 and 3, an EFA and a confirmatory factor analysis were performed on two independent samples of 407 adolescents and 260 young adults, respectively. The VMQ presented a robust eight-factor structure, with all scales showing adequate reliability indices. In reference to criterion validity, all motives presented specific associations with hours spent playing videogames, disordered gaming, and game genre preferences. More specifically, and in both adolescents and young adults, social interaction was the main motive related to time spent gaming, whereas disordered gaming was related to both coping and social interaction motives. Based on these findings, it is concluded that the VMQ is a brief and psychometrically appropriate tool for assessing the most relevant videogaming motives

NIRS potential use for the determination of natural resources quality from dehesa (acorn and grass) in Montanera system for Iberian pigs.

NIRS technology has been used as an alternative to conventional methods to determinate the content of nutrients of acorns and grass from dehesa ecosystem. Dry matter (DM), crude fat (CF), crude protein (CP), starch, total phenolic compounds (TP), α-tocopherol, γ-tocopherol, fatty acids, neutral detergent fiber (NDF), total antioxidant activity (TAA) and total energy (TE) were determined by conventional methods for later development of NIRS predictive equations. The NIR spectrum of each sample was collected and for all studied parameters, a predictive model was obtained and external validated. Good prediction equations were obtained for moisture, crude fat, crude protein, total energy and γ-tocopherol in acorns samples, with high coefficients of correlation (1-VR) and low standard error of prediction (SEP) (1-VR=0.81, SEP=2.62; 1-VR=0.92, SEP=0.54; 1-VR=0.86, SEP=0.47; 1-VR=0.84, SEP=0.2; 1-VR=0.88, SEP=5.4, respectively) and crude protein, NDF, α-tocopherol and linolenic acid content in grass samples (1-VR=0.9, SEP=1.99; 1-VR=0.87, SEP=4.13; 1-VR=0.76, SEP=10.9; 1-VR=0.82, SEP=0.6, respectively). Therefore, these prediction models could be used to determinate the nutritional composition of Montanera natural resources

Mid-Upper Arm Circumference based Nutrition Programming: evidence for a new approach in regions with high burden of Acute Malnutrition

In therapeutic feeding programs (TFP), mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC) shows advantages over weight-for-height Z score (WHZ) and is recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) as an independent criterion for screening children 6-59 months old. Here we report outcomes and treatment response from a TFP using MUAC ≤118 mm or oedema as sole admission criteria for severe acute malnutrition (SAM)

Use of a personalised depression intervention in primary care to prevent anxiety: a secondary study of a cluster randomised trial

Background: In the predictD-intervention, GPs used a personalised biopsychosocial programme to prevent depression. This reduced the incidence of major depression by 21.0%, although the results were not statistically significant. Aim: To determine whether the predictD-intervention is effective at preventing anxiety in primary care patients without depression or anxiety. Design and setting: Secondary study of a cluster randomised trial with practices randomly assigned to either the predictD-intervention or usual care. This study was conducted in seven Spanish cities from October 2010 to July 2012. Method: In each city, 10 practices and two GPs per practice, as well as four to six patients every recruiting day, were randomly selected until there were 26–27 eligible patients for each GP. The endpoint was cumulative incidence of anxiety as measured by the PRIME-MD screening tool over 18 months. Results: A total of 3326 patients without depression and 140 GPs from 70 practices consented and were eligible to participate; 328 of these patients were removed because they had an anxiety syndrome at baseline. Of the 2998 valid patients, 2597 (86.6%) were evaluated at the end of the study. At 18 months, 10.4% (95% CI = 8.7% to 12.1%) of the patients in the predictD-intervention group developed anxiety compared with 13.1% (95% CI = 11.4% to 14.8%) in the usual-care group (absolute difference = −2.7% [95% CI = −5.1% to −0.3%]; P = 0.029). Conclusion: A personalised intervention delivered by GPs for the prevention of depression provided a modest but statistically significant reduction in the incidence of anxiety

Efecto del estrés hídrico a distintas temperaturas sobre la germinación de semillas de Bulnesia retama (Gill. ex. Hook.) Griseb. -Zigofiláceas - en San Luis, Argentina

Se estudió la germinación de semillas de Bulnesia retama frente a condiciones de estrés hídrico, simulado con PEG6000 a distintas temperaturas, y su recuperación ante el estrés. Las semillas recolectadas en San Luis (Argentina) se colocaron a germinar en bolsas de polietileno, con soluciones de PEG6000, para simular potenciales agua: 0 (Control con agua destilada); -0,25; -0,5; -0,75; -1; -1,25 y -1,5 MPa en estufa de cultivo y en oscuridad a temperaturas de 18º, 25º y 32 ºC. Las semillas que no germinaron ante el estrés simulado fueron lavadas y colocadas a germinar nuevamente en agua destilada a 25 ºC. Se registró el porcentaje y la velocidad de germinación de las semillas. Las semillas colocadas en agua destilada germinaron con porcentajes superiores al 70% en el rango de 18º a 32 ºC sin diferencias entre temperaturas. A 18 ºC, el porcentaje y la velocidad de germinación disminuyeron significativamente en todos los tratamientos con PEG, mientras que a 25 ºC la respuesta germinativa fue afectada a partir de -1 MPa. A 32 ºC la germinación no difirió del control en las primeras 48 horas hasta potenciales osmóticos de -1 MPa, pero luego la velocidad y porcentaje de germinación disminuyeron significativamente. El porcentaje de germinación en la recuperación después del estrés fue similar al porcentaje del control original, lo que demuestra que las semillas no germinan si no tienen determinadas condiciones hídricas y térmicas. Estos resultados pueden ser el resultado de la adaptación de la especie a las condiciones ambientales propias de la región.Se estudió la germinación de semillas de Bulnesia retama frente a condiciones de estrés hídrico, simulado con PEG6000 a distintas temperaturas, y su recuperación ante el estrés. Las semillas recolectadas en San Luis (Argentina) se colocaron a germinar en bolsas de polietileno, con soluciones de PEG6000, para simular potenciales agua: 0 (Control con agua destilada); -0,25; -0,5; -0,75; -1; -1,25 y -1,5 MPa en estufa de cultivo y en oscuridad a temperaturas de 18º, 25º y 32 ºC. Las semillas que no germinaron ante el estrés simulado fueron lavadas y colocadas a germinar nuevamente en agua destilada a 25 ºC. Se registró el porcentaje y la velocidad de germinación de las semillas. Las semillas colocadas en agua destilada germinaron con porcentajes superiores al 70% en el rango de 18º a 32 ºC sin diferencias entre temperaturas. A 18 ºC, el porcentaje y la velocidad de germinación disminuyeron significativamente en todos los tratamientos con PEG, mientras que a 25 ºC la respuesta germinativa fue afectada a partir de -1 MPa. A 32 ºC la germinación no difirió del control en las primeras 48 horas hasta potenciales osmóticos de -1 MPa, pero luego la velocidad y porcentaje de germinación disminuyeron significativamente. El porcentaje de germinación en la recuperación después del estrés fue similar al porcentaje del control original, lo que demuestra que las semillas no germinan si no tienen determinadas condiciones hídricas y térmicas. Estos resultados pueden ser el resultado de la adaptación de la especie a las condiciones ambientales propias de la región

Temporal change in India’s imbalance of carbon emissions embodied in international trade

In India, rapid industrialization and reorganization of the global supply chain are driving economic growth, accompanied by increasing exports and carbon emissions. India is poised to succeed China as the next world manufactory, which will lead to huge emissions in the country. To formulate appropriate emission mitigation measures, it is necessary to further understand the temporal change in India’s emissions at the sectoral level from both the production and consumption perspectives. However, existing studies that have estimated emissions in India have paid less attention to the link among original emitters, final producers and final consumers and to its temporal change. Based on an emission inventory compiled in this study, we trace emission flows from original emitters to final producers and then to final consumers through the international supply chain by using an environmentally extended multi-regional input-output model. This study finds that both production-based and consumption-based emissions in India increased constantly from 2000 to 2014, and production-based emissions had higher growth rates due to the increased coal share. The major receivers of India’s exported emissions were developed countries (e.g., the European Union and the United States), while the main sources of India’s imported emissions were developing countries (e.g., China and Russia). From 2011 to 2014, India’s net exported emissions increased by 29.2% because of the decrease of imported emissions. Moreover, intermediate products (63% and 73.7%) were the major contributors to exported and imported emissions, most of which were embodied in manufacturing products (48.8% and 65.7%, respectively). Therefore, international cooperation to optimize the energy and trade structure and to improve energy efficiency can be effective in mitigating carbon emissions in India

Connectomic-genetic signatures in the cerebral small vessel disease

Small vessel disease (SVD) is a disorder that causes vascular lesions in the entire parenchyma of the human brain. At present, it is not well understood how primary and secondary damage interact to give rise to the complex scenario of white matter (WM) and grey matter (GM) lesions. Using novel cross-sectional and longitudinal connectomic approaches, we unveil the bidirectional nature of GM and WM changes, that is, primary cortical neurodegeneration that leads to secondary alterations in vascular border zones, and WM lesions that lead to secondary neurodegeneration in cortical projecting areas. We found this GM-WM interaction to be essential for executive cognitive performance. Moreover, we also observed that the interlocked degeneration of GM and WM over time associates with prototypical expression levels of genes potentially linked to SVD. Among these connectomic-genetic intersections, we found that the Androgen Receptor (AR) gene, is a particularly central candidate gene that might confer key vulnerability for brain lesion development in SVD. In conclusion, this study advances in the understanding of the bidirectional relationships between GM and WM lesions, primary and secondary vascular neurodegeneration, and sheds light on the genetic signatures of SV

Cumplimiento, conocimiento y automedicación como factores asociados a los resultados clínicos negativos de la farmacoterapia

The patient plays a fundamental role in the attainment of good results in pharmacotherapy. Noncompliance,self-medication, or insufficient knowledge of the therapy being employed may provide asource for the causes of these negative clinical outcomes, otherwise known as medicine related problems(MRP). he Dader method was used in the evaluation, identification and classification of MRP. Theassociation of variables was established through the statistical Chi square test. Patient knowledge of themedicine, degree of compliance to therapy and self-medication were studied as causes of the negativeoutcomes encountered. 2556 patients were interviewed throughout the year that the study took place,giving a total of 2261 of valid cases. 33% presented an MRP as the cause of his/her visit to the hospitalemergency ward. Knowledge of the medicine, compliance and self-medication were only studied in thepopulation that presented an MRP and in this work it is demonstrated that these are aspects that areassociated with different dimensions of MRP. It is not possible to establish an association between theexistence or not of negative clinical outcomes in patients with the factors of knowledge of medication,compliance and self-medication. This is due to the fact that these variables are not attributable to thepatient himself, but rather are associated with the characteristics of each medicine.El paciente juega un papel primordial en la consecución de los resultados terapéuticos. El incumplimiento,la automedicación, o la falta de conocimiento del la farmacoterapia pueden ser causas de esosresultados clínicos negativos, denominados en ocasiones problemas relacionados con medicamentos(PRM). El método Dáder se utilizó para la evaluación, identificación y clasificación de PRM. Laasociación de variables se estableció mediante el estadístico chi cuadrado. El conocimiento de la medicación,el cumplimiento y la automedicación fueron estudiados como causa de estos resultados negativosde la medicación. Fueron entrevistados 2556 pacientes durante el año de estudio, resultando 2261 casosválidos. El 33 % presentaron un PRM como causa de visita a urgencias. El conocimiento de la medicación,el cumplimiento y la automedicación fueron estudiados solo en la población que presentó unPRM y se demuestra que son aspectos asociados a las distintas dimensiones de PRM. No es posibleestablecer asociación entre la existencia o no de resultados clínicos negativos en los pacientes con elconocimiento de la medicación, el cumplimiento y la automedicación, debido a que estas variables noson atributos del paciente sino que están asociadas a cada medicamento

Design of the Firstâ inâ Class, Highly Potent Irreversible Inhibitor Targeting the Meninâ MLL Proteinâ Protein Interaction

The structureâ based design of Mâ 525 as the firstâ inâ class, highly potent, irreversible smallâ molecule inhibitor of the meninâ MLL interaction is presented. Mâ 525 targets cellular menin protein at subâ nanomolar concentrations and achieves low nanomolar potencies in cell growth inhibition and in the suppression of MLLâ regulated gene expression in MLL leukemia cells. Mâ 525 demonstrates high cellular specificity over nonâ MLL leukemia cells and is more than 30 times more potent than its corresponding reversible inhibitors. Mass spectrometric analysis and coâ crystal structure of Mâ 525 in complex with menin firmly establish its mode of action. A single administration of Mâ 525 effectively suppresses MLLâ regulated gene expression in tumor tissue. An efficient procedure was developed to synthesize Mâ 525. This study demonstrates that irreversible inhibition of menin may be a promising therapeutic strategy for MLL leukemia.Irreversible inhibitor Mâ 525 targets the meninâ MLL interaction. It is demonstrated that irreversible inhibition of menin is a promising therapeutic strategy for the treatment of MLL leukemia and may have advantages over reversible inhibitors.Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/141532/1/anie201711828.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/141532/2/anie201711828-sup-0001-misc_information.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/141532/3/anie201711828_am.pd