Dilatometer for measuring shrinkage or expansion of a sample, system comprising the dilatometer and a sample, and a smple for use in the dilatometer

Dilatometer for measuring shrinkage or expansion of a sample and system, comprising the dilatometer and the sample, wherein the dilatometer is provided with a first and second member which, in combination, define a chamber for the sample, wherein the dilatometer is arranged to apply a relative movement of the first and second member with respect to each other for shearing the sample, and wherein the chamber is provided with a structure for, in use, mechanically engaging the sample for substantially preventing a relative movement of the first member with respect to a first-member-facing-part of the sample and a relative movement of the second member with respect to a second-member-facing-part of the sample, in a direction substantially parallel to the relative movement of the first and second member

Non-isothermal crystallization of semi-crystalline polymers : the influence of cooling rate and pressure

During industrial processing, polymer melts are exposed to local high cooling rates, strong deformation rates and high pressures. Nowadays, research in the field of semi-crystalline polymers still strives towards an accurate prediction of the evolution and final appearance of the crystalline morphology in polymer products. After all, the amount, number, phase and orientation of the crystallites act in a combined way and control the final optical and mechanical properties. This chapter discusses recent experimental and model developments concerning the influence of industrially relevant cooling rates and pressures on the non-isothermal crystallization of both an isotactic polypropylene and a linear low-density polyethylene grade. The influence of flow gradients is discussed in Chapter (Roozemond et al., Adv Polym Sci, 2016