Technological Innovations in Indian Small Enterprises: Dimensions, Intensity and Implications

Small Enterprises (SEs), which make a significant contribution to the Indian economy, have been exposed to an intensifying competitive environment since the early 1990s due to economic liberalisation, globalisation and Information and Communication Technology revolution. In the competitive environment, a significant number of SEs in Karnataka State has undertaken innovations, predominantly informally with self-efforts. External factors have primarily prompted these SEs to undertake innovations to achieve the objective of improving competitiveness. Innovation activities of SEs are primarily product-related, particularly improving product performance and quality. These ''incremental innovations'' have enabled the majority of the SEs to achieve quality improvement, reduced output rejections and higher productivity which all imply greater competitiveness. Technological innovations make a positive contribution to output. Therefore policy makers should reorient India's Small Enterprise Policy emphasis from support through ''technology transfer'' to support to ''in-house technological innovations'' that lend greater stability to SE development

The Role of Information Technology in Fintech Innovation: Insights from the New York City Ecosystem

Fintech is an active area of innovation and a rapidly growing sector of the economy, yet relatively little is known about how information technology contributes to innovation in fintech. We draw on the business model canvas framework and we examine the role of information technology in the business models of leading fintech startups in the New York City fintech ecosystem. We find that information technology plays a key role across nearly all components of the business models, orchestrating resources and processes to efficiently deliver personalized financial services to customers. Focusing on the IT-enabled value propositions across the fintech startups in our sample, we find that the startups tend to emphasize low-cost offerings that may pose a threat to incumbent business models in financial services