Nonlinear subgrid-scale models for large-eddy simulation of rotating turbulent flows

We aim to design subgrid-scale models for large-eddy simulation of rotating turbulent flows. Rotating turbulent flows form a challenging test case for eddy viscosity models due to the presence of the conservative Coriolis force. We therefore propose a new subgrid-scale model that, in addition to a dissipative eddy viscosity term, contains a nondissipative nonlinear model term that can capture transport processes, such as those due to rotation. We show that the addition of this nonlinear model term leads to improved predictions of the Reynolds stress anisotropy in large-eddy simulations of a spanwise-rotating plane-channel flow, while maintaining the prediction of the mean velocity profile that is obtained when only using an eddy viscosity model.<br/

Strategies for the etiological therapy of cystic fibrosis

Etiological therapies aim at repairing the underlying cause of cystic fibrosis (CF), which is the functional defect of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein owing to mutations in the CFTR gene. Among these, the F508del CFTR mutation accounts for more than two thirds of CF cases worldwide. Two somehow antinomic schools of thought conceive CFTR repair in a different manner. According to one vision, drugs should directly target the mutated CFTR protein to increase its plasma membrane expression (correctors) or improve its ion transport function (potentiators). An alternative strategy consists in modulating the cellular environment and proteostasis networks in which the mutated CFTR protein is synthesized, traffics to its final destination, the plasma membrane, and is turned over. We will analyze distinctive advantages and drawbacks of these strategies in terms of their scientific and clinical dimensions, and we will propose a global strategy for CF research and development based on a reconciliatory approach. Moreover, we will discuss the utility of preclinical biomarkers that may guide the personalized, patient-specific implementation of CF therapie