Regionalizing Health Systems Public and Private Mix: The Situation in Italy

The process of regionalisation that Italy has undergone last 15 years has entailed considerable changes in the health policy to adjust the alteration of title V in the Constitution whereby health is delegated to the Regions. Applied differently from region to region, these modifications have been grouped for theoretical purposes into three main models of regional health management which we here summarise in reference to three case studies. Three regional health systems (Lombardy, Emilia‐Romagna and Calabria) are included in this paper. They each belong to one of the three reference models mentioned, according to certain variables (public and private health budget, healthcare supply and demand at a GP and specialist level, and so on). Our aim is to ascertain whether these distinctions hold good in practice as well as theory. The basis for comparing the three regions and seeing how they differ in functioning is the public and private resources employed and generated

Histone Acetyltransferase Enzymes: From Biological Implications to Most Relevant Inhibitors

The acetylation of lysine residues of histone and nonhistone proteins is a post-translational modification catalysed by the so-called histone acetyltransferases (HATs) that plays a crucial role in several biological settings. The deregulation of this enzymatic activity is implicated in many disease conditions such as cancer and inflammatory and neurological disorders. Despite many histone acetyltransferase inhibitors (HATi) have been identified so far, there is still the need for new, metabolically stable, more potent and selective HATi as potential therapeutic agents and/or as chemical tools for studying HAT biology. In the present chapter, the main features of HAT enzymes and related diseases have been summarized, with a particular focus on HATi, analysing their structure-activity relationships, mechanisms of action and potential therapeutic applications