26 research outputs found
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Identifying Unsafe Behavior of Construction Workers: A Dynamic Approach Combining Skeleton Information and Spatiotemporal Features
Data Availability Statement:
Some or all data, models, or code that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.Vision-based methods for action recognition are valuable for supervising construction workers’ unsafe behaviors. However, current monitoring methods have limitations in extracting dynamic information about workers. Identifying hazardous actions based on the spatiotemporal relationships between workers’ skeletal points remains a significant challenge in construction sites. This paper proposed an automated method for recognizing dynamic hazardous actions. The method used the OpenPose network to extract workers’ skeleton information from the video and applied a spatiotemporal graph convolutional network (ST-GCN) to analyze the dynamic spatiotemporal relationships between workers’ body skeletons, enabling automatic recognition of hazardous actions. A novel human partitioning strategy and nonlocal attention mechanism were designed to assign appropriate weight parameters to different joints involved in actions, thereby improving the recognition accuracy of complex construction actions. The enhanced model is called the attention module spatiotemporal graph convolutional network (AM-STGCN). The method achieved a test accuracy of 90.50% and 87.08% in typical work scenarios, namely high-altitude scaffolding scenes with close-up and far views, surpassing the performance of the original ST-GCN model. The high-accuracy test results demonstrate that the model can accurately identify workers’ hazardous actions. The newly proposed model is inferred to have promising application prospects and the potential to be applied in broader construction scenarios for on-site monitoring of hazardous actions.National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 72071097); MOE (Ministry of Education in China) Project of Humanities and Social Sciences (Grant No.20YJAZH034); Foundation of Jiangsu University (Grant No. SZCY-014)
Prevalence of soil transmitted nematodes on Nukufetau, a remote Pacific island in Tuvalu
BACKGROUND: The population of Nukufetau, a remote coral atoll island in Tuvalu in the Western Pacific, received annual mass drug administration (MDA) of diethylcarbamazine and albendazole under the Pacific Elimination of Lymphatic Filariasis program in 2001, 2002 and 2003, with the last MDA occurring six months before a cross-sectional survey of the whole population for soil transmitted helminths (STH). METHODS: A cross-sectional survey in May 2004 recruited 206 residents (35.2% of the population) who provided a single faecal sample that was preserved, concentrated and examined microscopically. RESULTS: Overall prevalence of STH was 69.9%; only hookworm and Trichuris trichiura were diagnosed. Trichuris was present in 68.4% with intensity of infection being light in 56.3%, medium in 11.7% and heavy in 0.5%. Hookworm occurred in 11.7% with intensity of infection 11.2% being light and medium in 0.5%. Twenty individuals (9.7%) had dual infections. The prevalence of Trichuris was constant across all ages while the prevalence of hookworm was significantly lower in residents below 30 years of age. In the age group 5–12 years comparison of results with a 2001 survey [1] suggested that the prevalence of STH has declined minimally, due to sustained high prevalence of Trichuris, while hookworm has declined dramatically from 34.4% to 1.6%. CONCLUSION: The results of this survey suggest that although the MDA appears to have reduced hookworm prevalence in residents below 30 years of age, there has been minimal effect on Trichuris prevalence. An integrated program to control STH is required
The global burden of cancer attributable to risk factors, 2010-19: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019
Analysis of genetic differentiation and genomic variation to reveal potential regions of importance during maize improvement
Do gender and age influence agroforestry farmers' knowledge of tree species uses in an area of the Atlantic Forest, Brazil?
Effective strategies for scaling up evidence-based practices in primary care: a systematic review
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Prevalence, years lived with disability, and trends in anaemia burden by severity and cause, 1990-2021: findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021
Background
Anaemia is a major health problem worldwide. Global estimates of anaemia burden are crucial for developing appropriate interventions to meet current international targets for disease mitigation. We describe the prevalence, years lived with disability, and trends of anaemia and its underlying causes in 204 countries and territories.
Methods
We estimated population-level distributions of haemoglobin concentration by age and sex for each location from 1990 to 2021. We then calculated anaemia burden by severity and associated years lived with disability (YLDs). With data on prevalence of the causes of anaemia and associated cause-specific shifts in haemoglobin concentrations, we modelled the proportion of anaemia attributed to 37 underlying causes for all locations, years, and demographics in the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.
Findings
In 2021, the global prevalence of anaemia across all ages was 24·3% (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 23·9–24·7), corresponding to 1·92 billion (1·89–1·95) prevalent cases, compared with a prevalence of 28·2% (27·8–28·5) and 1·50 billion (1·48–1·52) prevalent cases in 1990. Large variations were observed in anaemia burden by age, sex, and geography, with children younger than 5 years, women, and countries in sub-Saharan Africa and south Asia being particularly affected. Anaemia caused 52·0 million (35·1–75·1) YLDs in 2021, and the YLD rate due to anaemia declined with increasing Socio-demographic Index. The most common causes of anaemia YLDs in 2021 were dietary iron deficiency (cause-specific anaemia YLD rate per 100 000 population: 422·4 [95% UI 286·1–612·9]), haemoglobinopathies and haemolytic anaemias (89·0 [58·2–123·7]), and other neglected tropical diseases (36·3 [24·4–52·8]), collectively accounting for 84·7% (84·1–85·2) of anaemia YLDs.
Interpretation
Anaemia remains a substantial global health challenge, with persistent disparities according to age, sex, and geography. Estimates of cause-specific anaemia burden can be used to design locally relevant health interventions aimed at improving anaemia management and prevention.
Funding
Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation