Caracterização de sementes de variedades locais de feijão-de-corda (Vigna unguiculata) do Acre.

O feijão-de-corda (Vigna unguiculata) apresenta grande importância social, cultural, agronômica e econômica para os agricultores familiares no Acre que trouxeram o hábito de cultivo e consumo do feijão-de-corda do Nordeste. Este trabalho teve como objetivo caracterizar as sementes de variedades locais de feijão-de-corda coletadas em feiras e mercados públicos em diversos municípios do Acre no primeiro semestre de 2012. Em laboratório foram identificados descritores biométricos, forma, cor, brilho e peso de 100 sementes. Foram detectadas cinco formas de sementes, quatro cores distintas e três classes de brilho sendo duas variedades opacas. As variedades mostraram grande variabilidade no fator peso de 100 sementes com amplitude de 26,9 g. Quanto aos caracteres quantitativos observou-se grande variação nos valores de comprimento, largura e espessura das sementes entre as variedades mostrando que há variação genética entre os quinze cultivares de feijão-de-corda avaliados

Germinação e florescimento de cultivares locais de feijão-de-corda e feijoeiro comum em Rio Branco, Acre.

Este trabalho teve como objetivo quantificar os processos de germinação de sementes em campo e laboratório e o florescimento de seis variedades locais de feijão comum e de quatro variedades de feijão-de-corda no Acre. Os dez materiais genéticos avaliados foram coletados no Acre no primeiro semestre de 2012. O teste de germinação em laboratório foi realizado usando 100 sementes mantidas em estufa a 250C por sete dias. No campo o experimento foi conduzido em delineamento em quatro blocos casualizados sendo contabilizada a germinação das plantas aos sete dias e o número de dias para florescimento. A germinação das sementes em campo foi superior ao teste de laboratório para maioria das variedades. O florescimento variou entre 23 e 56 dias dependendo da variedade

Frequency of LCT -13910C>T single nucleotide polymorphism associated with adult-type hypolactasia/lactase persistence among Brazilians of different ethnic groups

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Adult-type hypolactasia, the physiological decline of lactase some time after weaning, was previously associated with the LCT -13910C>T polymorphism worldwide except in Africa. Lactase non-persistence is the most common phenotype in humans, except in northwestern Europe with its long history of pastoralism and milking. We had previously shown association of LCT -13910C>T polymorphism with adult-type hypolactasia in Brazilians; thus, we assessed its frequency among different Brazilian ethnic groups.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>We investigated the ethnicity-related frequency of this polymorphism in 567 Brazilians [mean age, 42.1 ± 16.8 years; 157 (27.7%) men]; 399 (70.4%) White, 50 (8.8%) Black, 65 (11.5%) Brown, and 53 (9.3%) Japanese-Brazilian. DNA was extracted from leukocytes; LCT -13910C>T polymorphism was analyzed by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Prevalence of the CC genotype associated with hypolactasia was similar (57%) among White and Brown groups; however, prevalence was higher among Blacks (80%) and those of Japanese descent (100%). Only 2 (4%) Blacks had TT genotype, and 8 (16%) had the CT genotype. Assuming an association between CC genotype and hypolactasia, and CT and TT genotypes with lactase persistence, 356 (62.8%) individuals had hypolactasia and 211 (37.2%) had lactase persistence. The White and Brown groups had the same hypolactasia prevalence (~57%); nevertheless, was 80% among Black individuals and 100% among Japanese-Brazilians (<it>P </it>< 0.01).</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>The lactase persistence allele, LCT -13910T, was found in about 43% of both White and Brown and 20% of the Black Brazilians, but was absent among all Japanese Brazilians studied.</p

Super-radiant light scattering from trapped Bose Einstein condensates

We propose a new formulation for atomic side mode dynamics from super-radiant light scattering of trapped atoms. A detailed analysis of the recently observed super-radiant light scattering from trapped bose gases [S. Inouye {\it et al.}, Science {\bf 285}, 571 (1999)] is presented. We find that scattered light intensity can exhibit both oscillatory and exponential growth behaviors depending on densities, pump pulse characteristics, temperatures, and geometric shapes of trapped gas samples. The total photon scattering rate as well as the accompanied matter wave amplification depends explicitly on atom number fluctuations in the condensate. Our formulation allows for natural and transparent interpretations of subtle features in the MIT data, and provides numerical simulations in good agreement with all aspects of the experimental observations.Comment: 24 pages,16 figures, submitted to Phys.Rev.

Princípios norteadores da produção orgânica de hortaliças.

bitstream/CNPH-2009/35185/1/ct_67.pd

Thermal remote sensing from Airborne Hyperspectral Scanner data in the framework of the SPARC and SEN2FLEX projects: an overview

The AHS (Airborne Hyperspectral Scanner) instrument has 80 spectral bands covering the visible and near infrared (VNIR), short wave infrared (SWIR), mid infrared (MIR) and thermal infrared (TIR) spectral range. The instrument is operated by Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aerospacial (INTA), and it has been involved in several field campaigns since 2004. &lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt; This paper presents an overview of the work performed with the AHS thermal imagery provided in the framework of the SPARC and SEN2FLEX campaigns, carried out respectively in 2004 and 2005 over an agricultural area in Spain. The data collected in both campaigns allowed for the first time the development and testing of algorithms for land surface temperature and emissivity retrieval as well as the estimation of evapotranspiration from AHS data. Errors were found to be around 1.5 K for land surface temperature and 1 mm/day for evapotranspiration

Método tradicional de almacenamiento de granos y semillas de caupi para el control de insecto-plaga.

Este trabajo tuvo como objetivo evaluar la eficiencia del método tradicional de almacenamiento de granos ysemillas de caupí para el control del gorgojo, Callosobruchus maculatus (Fabr.) (Coleoptera: Bruchidae). El método dealmacenamiento consiste en empaquetar granos y semillas mezclados con los residuos resultantes del trillaje en botellas obarriles de polietileno sellados herméticamente. En el experimento se evaluaron cuatro tratamientos: (i.) frasco perforadoque contiene granos, (ii.) frasco no perforado que contiene granos, (iii.) frasco perforado que contiene una mezcla degranos y residuos del trillaje y (iv.) frasco no perforado que contiene una mezcla de granos y residuos del trillaje; esteúltimo, representando el método tradicional (control). Para cada tratamiento se utilizaron 4 réplicas y para cada frasco seinsertaron 20 individuos adultos del insecto plaga. Después de la infestación inducida, los frascos se almacenaron en unlugar protegido de la lluvia y el sol, simulando la realidad del almacenamiento de los agricultores. A los 35 y 70 díasdespués de la infestación inducida, se evaluaron las siguientes variables para cada frasco: número de insectos vivos,número de insectos muertos, número de agujeros causados por insectos en los granos y porcentaje de granos atacados. Eluso de residuos resultantes del trillaje no fue eficiente para el control. Por otro lado, la ausencia de intercambio de gases enlos frascos redujo la multiplicación de insectos, lo que indica la importancia de utilizar barriles herméticos o bolsas devacío para el almacenamiento y la comercialización

Shale gas production: potential versus actual greenhouse gas emissions

Estimates of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from shale gas production and use are controversial. Here we assess the level of GHG emissions from shale gas well hydraulic fracturing operations in the United States during 2010. Data from each of the approximately 4000 horizontal shale gas wells brought online that year are used to show that about 900 Gg CH[subscript 4] of potential fugitive emissions were generated by these operations, or 228 Mg CH[subscript 4] per well—a figure inappropriately used in analyses of the GHG impact of shale gas. In fact, along with simply venting gas produced during the completion of shale gas wells, two additional techniques are widely used to handle these potential emissions: gas flaring and reduced emission 'green' completions. The use of flaring and reduced emission completions reduce the levels of actual fugitive emissions from shale well completion operations to about 216 Gg CH[subscript 4], or 50 Mg CH[subscript 4] per well, a release substantially lower than several widely quoted estimates. Although fugitive emissions from the overall natural gas sector are a proper concern, it is incorrect to suggest that shale gas-related hydraulic fracturing has substantially altered the overall GHG intensity of natural gas production