THE IMPACT OF LABOUR MARKET INSTITUTIONS ON PRODUCTIVITY IN A SECTORAL APPROACH

This research paper aims for an empirical validation of the impact of labour institutions on productivity growth. The main objective of this study is to analyse labour and economic growth tendencies of the period between 1980 and 2008 in various OECD countries. In our estimations we followed a specific taxonomy to identify the main features of productivity (output per capita) growth in different labour-skilled branches. Besides determining the sectoral differences of labour demand by standard comparative statistics, we used in our model specification a dynamic panel regression method. All in all, we conclude that the high-skilled branches achieved better economic growth performance than the lower-skilled ones in most of the OECD countries. Analysing the time series panel data of these countries we also claim that productivity growth was negatively correlated with unemployment benefits and employment legislation in the long run

PRODUCTIVITY PERFORMANCE OF ESTONIA IN A GROWTH ACCOUNTING APPROACH

This paper aims to contribute to a better understanding of the economic growth tendencies in Estonia and other formal post-socialist countries and the interaction between productivity growth and their determinants after the transition decades. So this paper is structured as follows. Firstly we will introduce an alternative growth accounting method to determine the components of productivity growth based on this concept. In Section we will also provide our empirical results in Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and Hungary compared to the EU-15 countries between 1990 and 2011 how TFP (Total Factor Productivity), Physical and Labour Capital Accumulation can contribute to (increase or decrease) economic performance of each country. Finally, we can conclude that the relationship between labour and output growth per capita has obviously and temporarily changed after the mid-1990s, which could be determined by the increasing role of such socio-economic factors as technological changes, capital accumulation and demographical fluctuations etc

TRADEMARK APPLICATIONS IN A SECTORAL APPROACH

The economic roles of the Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs) are one of the key mysteries of the economic theories. At the beginning of the 1760s a sustained and rapid growth in per capita income occurred all over the word and since then the broad history of economic institutions has still quite important. This research paper relies on the conceptual framework of IPRs. However, the academic literature has claimed that the presences of these institutions are essential elements of a well-functioning economy, but intellectual property has come to mean not only the right to own and sell, but also the right to regulate its use. Moreover several unexploited dilemmas have still remained in practice. In order to support the theoretical insights we inspect to overview the trademarks growth tendencies in various OECD countries. In this perspective we followed a specific taxonomy of the traditional Nice Classes (NCL) to identify the distribution and the growth changes of these property right applications in a specific sectoral approach. Besides determining the differences with some comparative statistics in the branches, we could also demonstrate the economic importance of trademark applicants that place on the protection of brands in the service-oriented industries. However, there was falls in due to the last economic crisis; it seemed to follow a persistent and substantial growth path again. In this sense, we could also suggest the better valorization of IPRs that must be considered in a context to facilitate SMEs’ access to the benefits of globalised markets in these industries