302 research outputs found
Synthetic Elastography using B-mode Ultrasound through a Deep Fully-Convolutional Neural Network
Shear-wave elastography (SWE) permits local estimation of tissue elasticity,
an important imaging marker in biomedicine. This recently-developed, advanced
technique assesses the speed of a laterally-travelling shear wave after an
acoustic radiation force "push" to estimate local Young's moduli in an
operator-independent fashion. In this work, we show how synthetic SWE (sSWE)
images can be generated based on conventional B-mode imaging through deep
learning. Using side-by-side-view B-mode/SWE images collected in 50 patients
with prostate cancer, we show that sSWE images with a pixel-wise mean absolute
error of 4.5+/-0.96 kPa with regard to the original SWE can be generated.
Visualization of high-level feature levels through t-Distributed Stochastic
Neighbor Embedding reveals substantial overlap between data from two different
scanners. Qualitatively, we examined the use of the sSWE methodology for B-mode
images obtained with a scanner without SWE functionality. We also examined the
use of this type of network in elasticity imaging in the thyroid. Limitations
of the technique reside in the fact that networks have to be retrained for
different organs, and that the method requires standardization of the imaging
settings and procedure. Future research will be aimed at development of sSWE as
an elasticity-related tissue typing strategy that is solely based on B-mode
ultrasound acquisition, and the examination of its clinical utility.Comment: (c) 2020 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission
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Locally advanced and recurrent cancer
A successful treatment of locally advanced and recurrent rectal cancer is based on the responsibility of the surgeon to perform a radical resection. Planning of treatment starts with imaging with a pelvic MRI and a CT scan of chest and the abdomen. Neoadjuvant chemoradiation is given to achieve downstaging and downsizing. After a waiting period of at least 6 weeks, a total mesorectal excision is performed with often an extra-anatomical extension based on the initial imaging. Reconstruction using several types of pedicled flaps is often necessary to close the defect of the pelvic floor.</p
Reversal of Hartmann's procedure through the stomal side: A new even more minimal invasive technique
Background: Several minimal invasive, mainly laparoscopic-assisted, techniques for reversal of Hartmann's procedure (HP) have been published. The purpose of this pilot study was to assess a minimal invasive procedure through the stomal site that may compare favorably with open or laparoscopic-assisted procedures in terms of operative time, hospital stay and postoperative complications. Methods: HP reversal through the stomal side was attempted in 13 consecutive patients. Lysis of intra-abdominal adhesions was done manually through an incision at the formal stoma side, without direct vision between thumb and index finger. The rectal stump was identified intra-abdominally using a transanal rigid club. A manually controlled stapled end-to-end colorectal anastomosis was created. Results: Mean duration of operation was 81 min (range 58-109 min); mean hospital stay was 4.2 days (range 2-7 days). In two patients the procedure was converted because of strong adhesions in the lower pelvic cavity around the rectal stump that could not be lysed manually safely. No complications occurred in the patients in whom reversal was completely done through the stomal site. Conclusions: In our opinion, restoration of intestinal continuity through the stomal side after HP is a feasible operation, without need for additional incisions. In the hands of a specialist gastrointestinal surgeon this technique can be attempted in all patients, as conversion to a laparoscopic-assisted or an open procedure can be performed when necessary
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