Studying the electrochemical deposition process of molybdenum from aqueous solution of molybdate ions

In this study, the tracing of the electroreduction process of molybdate ions in aqueous media at different conditions is achieved for obtaining molybdenum metal in a simple and easy way. The kinetics and the mechanism of the electroreduction of molybdate ions are studied using cathodic polarization technique. It is observed that, the speed of the electroreduction process depends on the speed of the change of the cathodic potential sweep as well as on the temperature of the electrodeposition bath. Moreover, it is observed that, at the potential range from the stationary potential (Est = 0.25 V) to −0.7 V, the electroreduction of molybdate ions occurs into two steps. Moreover it is observed that, after −0.7 V the electroreduction process of molybdate is accompanying with evolution of hydrogen

Electrochemical behaviour of selenite ions in tartaric electrolytes

In recent years, a great interest has been emerged on electrochemical preparation of semiconductor films based on selenium. Therefore, a study of electrochemical reduction of selenium could be very important. In this work, the kinetics and mechanism of the electrochemical reduction of selenite ions on the Pt cathode have been studied in the electrolyte containing selenious and tartaric acids. The study shows that electroreduction of selenite ions from tartaric electrolytes proceeds in two stages. The effect of various factors on the cathodic reduction of selenium ions has also been studied. The effective activation energy was calculated using the polarization curves of the temperature dependence of the electroreduction process of selenite ions. It was established that the process of electroreduction under investigation is proceeding by mixed kinetics, at first by concentration and then by electrochemical polarization

Electrochemical behaviour of selenite ions in tartaric electrolytes

In recent years, a great interest has been emerged on electrochemical preparation of semiconductor films based on selenium. Therefore, a study of electrochemical reduction of selenium could be very important. In this work, the kinetics and mechanism of the electrochemical reduction of selenite ions on the Pt cathode have been studied in the electrolyte containing selenious and tartaric acids. The study shows that electroreduction of selenite ions from tartaric electrolytes proceeds in two stages. The effect of various factors on the cathodic reduction of selenium ions has also been studied. The effective activation energy was calculated using the polarization curves of the temperature dependence of the electroreduction process of selenite ions. It was established that the process of electroreduction under investigation is proceeding by mixed kinetics, at first by concentration and then by electrochemical polarization

1. Effect of empagliflozin on cardiovascular death in subgroups by age: Results from EMPA-REG outcome

Clinical Research. Presentation type: Poster Presentation. Introduction: Empagliflozin is a potent and selective SGLT2-I used in the treatment of T2DM. Methodology: Study design: Patients with T2DM and established CV disease, and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR;) ⩾30 ml/min/1.73 m2 were randomized to receive empagliflozin 10 mg, 25 mg, or placebo once daily in addition to standard of care for T2DM and CV risk management. The trial continued until 691 patients experienced an adjudicated event included in the primary outcome: 3P-MACE Analyses. Outcomes were assessed in patients treated with ⩾1 dose of study drug CV death was analysed in the pooled empagliflozin group vs placebo in subgroups by baseline age Cumulative incidence function estimates were corrected for mortality as a competing risk. Results: The reduction in risk of CV death with empagliflozin vs placebo was consistent across age categories. Conclusion: Empagliflozin in addition to standard of care reduced the risk of CV death in patients with T2DM and high CV risk irrespective of age at baseline. Across age subgroups, reported adverse events were consistent with the known safety profile of empagliflozin. Greater proportions of patients had events consistent with genital infections with the empagliflozin than placebo in all age subgroups. Diabetic ketoacidosis adverse events were rare and balanced overall between the empagliflozin and placebo groups. Events consistent with volume depletion were comparable between empagliflozin and placebo groups, except for a slightly higher frequency with empagliflozin than placebo in patients aged ⩾75 years

Waardenburg syndrome as a challenging experience in pediatric cochlear implantation

Background Waardenburg syndrome (WS) is a major cause of symptomatic sensorineural hearing loss, which accounts for 2–5% of patients with congenital hearing loss. Cochlear implantation (CI) has shown improvement in auditory perception and language skills of syndromic sensorineural hearing-impaired children and is now accepted as a gold standard treatment. Aim The aim of the present study was to evaluate the outcome of CI in cases with WS and to compare the results with nonsyndromic CI cases. Participants and methods A total of 268 children of less than 7 years of age underwent CI in the National Hearing and Speech Institute, and of these, six children, as group A, had WS, whereas the control group, as group B, consisted of 16 congenitally deaf children without any other comorbidities or inner ear anomalies. The following assessments were done: intraoperative impedance and auditory response threshold, and then at 3 and at 12 months, impedance, aided average pure tone threshold, Meaningful Auditory Integration Scale questionnaire, LittlEARS Auditory Questionnaire, and language assessment using modified Arabic preschool language scale-4. Results Intraoperative impedance, auditory response threshold, and neural response impedance were measured. Aided free field response at 500–4000 kHz and speech detection threshold were measured for both groups at 3 and 12 months after initiation. There was no statistically significant difference between both groups at all measured parameters. Meaningful Auditory Integration Scale questionnaire, LittlEARS Auditory Questionnaire, and language assessment using modified Arabic preschool language scale-4 revealed improvements in speech perception and production; however, comparison of the results between the WS group and the control group was insignificant. Conclusion CI is a good rehabilitation option for children with WS. The study indicates that children with WS benefit from CI similar to typically developing CI children