Plasma-Enhanced Vapor Deposition Process for the Modification of Textile Materials

Nowadays many techniques are used for the surface modification of fabrics and textiles. Two fundamental techniques based on vacuum deposition are known as chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and physical vapor deposition (PVD). In this chapter, the effect of plasma-enhanced physical and chemical vapor deposition on textile surfaces is investigated and explained

Design and fabrication a novel probe in IR-T1 Tokamak

In this paper, the first results of plasma parameters measurement by using the moveable Multi-purpose probe (MPP) have been investigated and discussed. Multi-purpose probe was designed, constructed, and installed on the IR-T1 Tokamak for the first time. This probe can simultaneously measure electric and magnetic fluctuations in three directions: poloidal, radial and toroidal. The Multi-purpose probe is composed of three sections: electrical part, magnetic part and the flow measurement section. The relation between Reynolds stress gradient and poloidal particle flux can be investigated by Multi-purpose probe. It is quite compact and does not strongly disturb plasma. In this paper, we have investigated and discussed about plasma parameters as the temporal and space evolutions of the plasma potential, Reynolds stress, poloidal particle flux, flow velocity, electrostatic fluctuations and magnetic fluctuations. The results show that the radial electric field has its maximum amount in the last Closed Flux Surface (LCFS) while poloidal electric field is minimum at this point. Also, the Reynolds stress is minimum at LCFS. The results show that decrease of the Reynolds stress cause to the remarkable increase of the poloidal particle flux. The radial electric field and poloidal flow values have been changed in the vicinity of the LCFS. This means that Reynolds stress can suppress turbulence and modify turbulence transport.Представлены и обсуждаются первые результаты, полученные с использованием подвижного многофункционального зонда (МФЗ), который был впервые установлен в камере токамака IR-T1. С помощью МФЗ можно одновременно проводить измерения флуктуаций электрического и магнитного полей в трех направлениях: полоидальном, радиальном и тороидальном. Зонд состоит из трех секций: электрической, магнитной и для измерения флуктуационных потоков. МФЗ имеет небольшие размеры и несильно возмущает плазму. С его помощью можно измерять соотношение между градиентом силы Рейнольдса и полоидальным потоком плазмы. Приводятся и обсуждаются данные о временном поведении и пространственных распределениях плазменного потенциала, силы Рейнольдса, величины полоидального плазменного потока, скорости потока, электростатических и магнитных колебаний. Из измерений следует, что вблизи крайней магнитной поверхности (LCFS) радиальное электрическое поле достигает максимума, тогда как полоидальное электрическое поле – своего минимума так же, как и сила Рейнольдса. Показано, что сила Рейнольдса вызывает существенный рост полоидального магнитного потока. Точно также в окрестности LCFS изменяются величины радиального электрического поля и полоидального потока. Из этого следует важный вывод, что сила Рейнольдса может подавлять турбулентность и обусловленный ею перенос.Представлені і обговорюються перші результати, одержані з використанням рухомого багатофункціонального зонда (БФЗ), котрий був вперше встановлено в камері токамака IR-T1. За допомогою БФЗ можна одночасно проводити вимірювання флуктуацій електричного і магнітного полів у трьох напрямах: полоідальному, радіальному и тороідальному. Зонд складається з трьох секцій: електричної, магнітної та для вимірювання флуктуаційних потоків. БФЗ має невеликі розміри, та несильно збурює плазму. За його допомогою можна виміряти співвідношення між градієнтом сили Рейнольдса та полоідальним потоком плазми. Приводяться і обговорюються дані про часову поведінку та просторові розподілення плазмового потенціалу, сили Рейнольдса, величини полоїдального плазмового потоку, швидкості потоку, електростатичних і магнітних коливань. З вимірювань виходить, що поблизу крайньої магнітної поверхні (LCFS) радіальне електричне поле досягає максимуму, тоді як полоїдальне електричне поле – свого мінімуму так, як і сила Рейнольдса. Показано, що сила Рейнольдса спричиняє істотне зростання полоідального магнітного потоку. Так саме поблизу LCFS змінюються величини радіального електричного поля та полоїдального потоку. З цього зробимо важливий висновок, що сила Рейнольдса може подавляти турбулентність і обумовлений нею перенос

Decomposition of Bromocresol Green Using a Nonthermal Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Jet

This research study aims to decompose bromocresol green (C21H14Br4O5S) using direct irradiation of a nonthermal atmospheric pressure plasma jet. The absorbance spectra of the bromocresol green solution were measured, as was its electrical conductivity and its pH before and after different durations of irradiation. The results showed that the lengths of conjugated systems in the molecular structure of bromocresol green decreased, and the bromocresol green solution was decolorized as a result of the decomposition of bromocresol green. This result indicates that cold atmospheric pressure plasma jet irradiation is capable of decomposing and can also be used for water purification

Effect of Hexamethyldisiloxane (HMDSO)/Nitrogen Plasma Polymerisation on the Anti Felting and Dyeability of Wool Fabric

This work is focused on the characterisation of the physical and surface properties of plasma coated wool fabric. A thin film was deposited on wool fabric samples by means of the plasma polymerisation of hexamethyldisiloxane (HMDSO) and differences between such plasma-treated and untreated fabrics were evaluated. The films deposited were characterised by means of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Also the surface morphology of samples was studied using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Hydrophobic properties of the samples were tested using the water drop test. The results show that by plasma polymerisation, hydrophobic properties of the wool surface change to super hydrophobic. The main aim of the HMDSO/N2 plasma polymerisation of wool fabrics is to improve anti felting properties and dyeing behaviour

1-Benzyl-2-(4-chloro­phen­yl)-4,5-di­phenyl-1H-imidazole

The mol­ecular conformation of the title compound, C28H21ClN2, is stabilized by an intra­molecular C—H⋯N hydrogen bond. It has many pharmacological properties, such as being an inhibitor of P38 MAP Kinase, and can play an important role in biochemical processes

Effect of the Non-Thermal Argon Plasma Irradiation on Decolorization of Methyl Orange Solution

The aim of this paper is decolorization of a Methyl orange solution using an atmospheric pressure Argon plasma jet. When the plasma jet was directly irradiated onto a Methyl orange solution, the solution was decolorized. PH and absorbance of samples were measured before and after irradiation with various durations. Thus, non-thermal plasma jet irradiation is considered to be capable of decomposing, and can also be used for water purification

Degradation of bromophenol blue molecule during argon plasma jet irradiation

The aim of this paper is to study degradation of a bromophenol blue molecule (C19H10Br4O5S) using direct irradiation of cold atmospheric argon plasma jet. The pH of the bromophenol blue solution has been measured as well as its absorbance spectra and conductivity before and after the irradiation of non-thermal plasma jet in various time durations.The results indicated that the lengths of conjugated systems in the molecular structure of bromophenol blue decreased, and that the bromophenol blue solution was decolorized as a result of the decomposition of bromophenol blue. This result shows that non-thermal plasma jet irradiation is capable of decomposing, and can also be used for water purification

Dependence of Tokamak Plasma Position to its Internal Inductance

Abstract In this contribution we will p resented comparison of two techniques in order to investigate of the effects of internal inductance on tokamak p lasma position, based on a toroidal flu x loop (diamagnetic loop) and magnetic probes measurements. For this purpose, a diamagnetic loop with its co mpensation coil, and also array of magnetic probes were designed, constructed, and installed on outer surface of the IR-T1 tokamak chamber, and then the poloidal beta and poloidal and radial magnetic fields obtained. Moreover a few appro ximate values of the internal inductance for different possible profiles of the p lasma current density are also calculated. Then, the Shafranov parameter and also the Shafranov shift were determined. Experimental results compared. Co mparison of results on IR-T1, show that (1) by increasing the internal inductance from one, plas ma colu mn shifted inward, and also (2) IR-T1 p lasma current density profile relate to the power of 3 ≈ υ approximately