Unemployed 50+: exploring risk factors for depression in Europe

[Excerto] The recent economic crisis has forced companies worldwide to restructure, downsize and close down, leading to the loss of millions of jobs. More than nine per cent of the 23,000 million individuals affected by unemployment in 2011 were over 55 years old (EUROSTAT). This percentage may in fact be even larger if we take into account discouraged people who opt out of the labour market through pre-retirement and early retirement.(undefined)VS/2009/056

Association of the Occurrence of Ant Species (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) with Soil Attributes, Vegetation, and Climate in the Brazilian Savanna Northeastern Region

Ants occur in all strata of tropical forest by nesting, foraging and interacting with plants and other resident in these habitats. It is know that a large number of ant species live in the leaflitter and soil. This study aim to know if the occurrence of the species of ants from Cerrado of the Northeastern State of Maranhão depends on the attributes of soils and climatic factors. We found 48 species of ants, and ten of them had highest importance value, and are correlated with the soil properties, litter biomass, basal area, humidity and temperature, by using principal component analysis (PCA). The soil properties (density, porosity, particle size, aggregate stability index, and levels of Mg2+, Ca2+, carbon and potential acidity); vegetation (basal area and dry mass of litter) and temperature and humidity at soil level affect the occurrence of the following ants species Camponotus comatulus Mackay, 2010, Ectatomma muticum Mayr, 1870, Pseudomyrmex boopis (Roger, 1863), Pseudomyrmex termitarius (Smith, 1855), Dinoponera gigantea (Peerty, 1833), Ochetomyrmex neopolitus Fernández, 2003, Crematogaster cf acuta, Pheidole casta Wheeler, 1908, Solenopsis bruesi Creighton, 1930 and Solenopsis. Substituta Santschi, 1925

Optimizing spray-drying conditions for encapsulation of the next generation probiotic Akkermansia muciniphila DSM 22959

Objectives: Probiotics are defined as “live microorganisms that, when administered in adequate amounts, confer a health benefit on the host” [1]. Among those, Akkermansia muciniphila is one of the most promising candidates proposed as a next generation probiotic. This commensal bacterium has a high potential to be incorporated into foods or pharmaceutical formulations, due to its demonstrated relevant biological effects in several metabolic conditions [2, 3]. For its commercialisation as a probiotic, A. muciniphila must be successfully incorporated into a deliverable formulation. However, its anaerobic nature becomes important to develop a matrix that can confer them protection during the usually aerobic storage [4]. Among the several encapsulation methodologies, spray-drying is one of the most popular due to appealing characteristics in terms of operation, scale-up, costs and efficiency [5]. The present work aims to i) establish a suitable procedure to encapsulate A. muciniphila DSM 22959 using a spray-dryer, without prior encapsulation treatments, by optimizing the spray- drying settings and matrices; and ii) evaluate spray-dried A. muciniphila viability during storage under aerobic conditions at different temperatures. Results: The most suitable matrix for A. muciniphila encapsulation by spray-drying was skim milk. Adequate conditions for spray-drying processing were established, considering inlet and outlet temperatures, to ensure maximum viability upon processing. Skim milk encapsulated A. muciniphila cells also showed high stability during storage for 30 days, under aerobic conditions, both at 22 oC and, specially, at 4 oC. Conclusions: Spray-drying seems to be a promising technique to encapsulate A. muciniphila, particularly using skim milk as encapsulating matrix, ensuring bacterial cells viability (above the minimum required threshold) up to one month under common shelf-life conditions. Significance/Impact of the work: This work presents spray-drying using skim milk matrix as a technological solution for delivering the probiotic strain A. muciniphila and this formulation could be promising therapeutic/prevention option in metabolic disorders. Furthermore, this strategy can possibly be extended to other next-generation probiotics and facilitate the incorporation of such probiotic bacteria into food bases, suitable for human consumption.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Mestiçagem linguística e cultural: a formação do “falar brasileiro”

The present paper aims at presenting the crossing between expressions of African origin and the Portuguese language which culminated in a Brazilian speech, in a Brazilian Portuguese, established as one of its cultural identities. In order to achieve such purpose, concepts in Linguistics were exposed, specifically selected with the subject we intend to explore; and, then, we considered ideas about cultural identity and examples of the linguistic crossings that occurred and that, as a result, originated the linguistic and identity heritage of Brazil. In order to achieve the proposed objective, documentary and bibliographic research and content analysis were used to reflect on linguistic and cultural mestizaje and the unique characteristics of Brazilian speech. Finally, it was found that the relationship between languages of African matrix and Peninsular Portuguese represented fundamental ingredients in the formation of Brazilian identity.El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo presentar el cruce entre expresiones de origen africano y la lengua portuguesa que culminó en un discurso brasileño, en un portugués brasileño, establecido como una de sus identidades culturales. Para lograr tal propósito, se expusieron conceptos de Lingüística, específicamente seleccionados con el tema que pretendemos explorar; y, luego, se consideraron ideas sobre la identidad cultural y ejemplos de los cruces lingüísticos que se produjeron y que, como resultado, originaron el patrimonio lingüístico e identitario de Brasil. Para alcanzar el objetivo propuesto, se utilizó la investigación documental y bibliográfica y el análisis de contenido para reflexionar sobre el mestizaje lingüístico y cultural y las características únicas del habla brasileña. Por último, se constató que la relación entre las lenguas de matriz africana y el portugués peninsular representaba ingredientes fundamentales en la formación de la identidad brasileña.Le présent article vise à présenter le croisement entre des expressions d'origine africaine et la langue portugaise qui a abouti à un discours brésilien, dans un portugais brésilien, établi comme l'une de ses identités culturelles. Pour atteindre cet objectif, nous avons exposé des concepts de linguistique, sélectionnés spécifiquement en fonction du sujet que nous voulons explorer, puis nous avons considéré des idées sur l'identité culturelle et des exemples de croisements linguistiques qui se sont produits et qui, par conséquent, ont donné naissance au patrimoine linguistique et identitaire du Brésil. Afin d'atteindre l'objectif proposé, une recherche documentaire et bibliographique ainsi qu'une analyse de contenu ont été utilisées pour réfléchir sur le mestizaje linguistique et culturel et les caractéristiques uniques du discours brésilien. Enfin, il a été constaté que la relation entre les langues de matrice africaine et le portugais péninsulaire représentait des ingrédients fondamentaux dans la formation de l'identité brésilienne.No presente trabalho objetiva-se apresentar o cruzamento entre expressões de origem africana e a língua portuguesa que culminou em um falar brasileiro, em um português do Brasil, estabelecido como uma de suas identidades culturais. Com o propósito de alcançar tal finalidade, expuseram-se conceitos em Linguística, especificamente selecionados com o assunto que se pretende explorar; e, em seguida, consideraram-se ideias sobre identidade cultural e exemplos dos cruzamentos linguísticos que ocorreram e que, em consequência, deram origem à herança linguística e identitária do Brasil. Utilizou-se, a fim de atingir o objetivo proposto, pesquisa documental e bibliográfica e análise de conteúdo para refletir sobre a mestiçagem linguística e cultural e as características únicas do falar brasileiro. Por fim, constatou-se que a relação entre as línguas de matriz africana e o português peninsular representaram/representam contributos fundamentais à formação da identidade brasileira

O pensamento educacional de Manoel Bomfim a partir da obra América Latina: males de origem (1905)

Este artigo avalia o pensamento educacional de Manoel Bomfim a partir da apreciação de sua clássica obra América Latina: males de origem (1905), além de levantar suas contribuições para o pensamento social brasileiro. Foi considerado um intelectual dissidente devido ao seu contradiscurso abominando o racismo científico como explicação para o atraso econômico, social, político e moral existente no início do século XX nas repúblicas latino-americanas. Manoel Bomfim, à luz de sua teoria do parasitismo social, reescreve o debate sobre o atraso latino-americano em outro campo, o da análise histórica da colonização ibérica, considerando a defesa da educação como meio para a emancipação dos povos e para a construção de uma sociedade mais democrática