Gene Expression in Hair Follicle Dermal Papilla Cells after Treatment with Stanozolol

Doping with anabolic agents is a topic in sports where strength is crucial, e.g. sprinting, weight lifting and many more. Testosterone and its functional analogs are the drugs of choice taken as pills, creams, tape or injections to increase muscle mass and body performance, and to reduce body fat. Stanozolol (17β-hydroxy-17α-methyl-5α-androst-2-eno[3,2c]pyrazol) is a testosterone analogue with the same anabolic effect like testosterone but its ring structure makes it possible to take it orally. Therefore, stanozolol is one of the most frequently used anabolic steroids

Highlights of the São Paulo ISEV workshop on extracellular vesicles in cross-kingdom communication

In the past years, extracellular vesicles (EVs) have become an important field of research since EVs have been found to play a central role in biological processes. In pathogens, EVs are involved in several events during the host–pathogen interaction, including invasion, immunomodulation, and pathology as well as parasite–parasite communication. In this report, we summarised the role of EVs in infections caused by viruses, bacteria, fungi, protozoa, and helminths based on the talks and discussions carried out during the International Society for Extracellular Vesicles (ISEV) workshop held in São Paulo (November, 2016), Brazil, entitled Cross-organism Communication by Extracellular Vesicles: Hosts, Microbes and Parasites. © 2017 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.11Ysciescopu

Relative expression of mRNAs related to cavitation process in bovine embryos produced in vivo and in vitro

The objectives of this work were to identify and to evaluate possible differences on gene expression of aquaporins and Na/K-ATPases transcripts between embryos in vivo and in vitro produced. For each group, 15 blastocysts distributed in three pools were used for RNA extraction followed by amplification and reverse transcription. The resulting cDNAs were submitted to Real-Time PCR, using the GAPDH gene as endogenous control. It was not possible to identify AQP1 transcripts. Relative expression of AQP3 (1.33 ± 0.78) and AQP11 (2.00 ± 1.42) were not different in blastocysts in vitro and in vivo produced. Na/K-ATPase α1 gene (2.25 ± 1.07) was overregulated whereas Na/K-ATPase β2 transcripts 0.40 ± 0.30) did not differ among blastocysts produced in vitro from those produced in vivo. Transcripts for gene AQP1 are not present in bovine blastocysts. In vitro culture system does not alter expression of genes AQP3, AQP11 and Na/K-ATPase β2 genes, however, it affects expression of Na/K-ATPase α1.Os objetivos neste trabalho foram identificar e avaliar possíveis diferenças na expressão gênica de transcritos de Aquaporina e ATPases-Na/K presentes em embriões produzidos in vivo e in vitro. Para cada grupo, 15 blastocistos distribuídos em três conjuntos foram utilizados para a extração do RNA, seguida da amplificação e da transcrição reversa. Os DNAs complementares foram submetidos à reação em cadeia da enzima polimerase em tempo real, utilizando-se o gene GAPDH como controle endógeno. Não foi possível identificar transcritos de AQP1. A expressão relativa dos genes AQP3 (1,33 ± 0,78) e AQP11 (2,00 ± 1,42) não foi diferente em blastocistos produzidos in vitro e in vivo. O gene ATPase-Na/K α1 (2,25 ± 1,07) encontrou-se sobrerregulado, enquanto o gene ATPase-Na/K β2 (0,40 ± 0,30) não diferiu entre os blastocistos produzidos in vitro e aqueles produzidos in vivo. Transcritos para o gene AQP1 não estão presentes em blastocistos bovinos. O sistema de cultivo in vitro não influencia a expressão dos genes AQP3, AQP11 e ATPase-Na/K β2, porém altera a expressão do gene ATPase-Na/K α1