Stochastic Approaches to Interactive Multi-Criteria Optimization Problems

A stochastic approach to the development of interactive algorithms for multicriteria optimization is discussed in this paper. These algorithms are based on the idea of a random search and the use of a decision-maker who can compare any two decisions. The questions of both theoretical analysis (proof of convergence, investigation of stability) and practical implementation of these algorithms are discussed

Peculiarities of Some Pricing Processes in the Transition Period

Several essential aspects of pricing in the conditions of unsaturated market and monopoly impact are considered. The analysis shows the existence of conditions under which the initial supply-demand disbalance may even be intensified by market pricing. Some inflation scenarios based on these conditions and necessary stabilization counter-measures are discussed. The importance of fast decentralization of economy is stressed. Results of investigations are illustrated by examples from the Ukrainian economy

Modeling of Selected Aspects of the State's Impact on Pricing in a Transitional Economy

This paper examines several models of the state's impact on pricing under the special conditions characterizing the structural hyperinflation crises in transitional economies. Different aspects of money supply optimization, budget rationalization and credit policy are discussed. The proposed models may be used to make recommendations about subsidies, interest rates and loans. The results are illustrated by examples from the Ukrainian economy

Economic Modeling of International Water Use (The Case of the Aral Sea Basin)

The paper presents a procedure for determining an efficient price for water in areas where there has been no market for pricing. It is based on a novel mathematical innovation developed by the authors. The paper is applied to the Aral Sea region, and has since been used for the pricing of water in the Chimby Region of Karakalpakstan with interesting results. Without water pricing in this region, which is the situation at present, the most profitable crops are rice and corn. A price on water shifts the production of these crops toward an increase in livestock production. The estimated equilibrium price suggests that water use will decrease by as much as 15%, but without significant economic losses to the region. The authors suggest that water pricing is a better alternative to a water-use permits market