Sharing Over Separation - A Rural Perspective

The accuracy of functionals of solutions of the Euler equations, solved using a finite volume code, are examined under grid refinement. It is shown that a commonly used adaptation indicator based on local solution gradients is ineffective in reducing functional error for flows with supersonic regions. A novel indicator is introduced which attempts to quantify that part of the error in the functional due to the explicitly added dissipation present in the numerical flux. The scheme is considerably simpler and computationally cheaper than other recently proposed a posteriori error estimators for finite volume schemes, but does not account for all sources of error. In mind of this, emphasis is placed on numerical evaluation of the performance of the scheme, and it is shown to be extremely effective in both estimating and reducing error for a wide range of flows

Projecting the prison: the depiction of the uncanny in The Shawshank Redemption

The space of the prison is no longer on the margins in relation to societal `centres', but instead acts as an adjunct to the urban environment. With the disappearance of the Gothic prison from the archi-texture of contemporary cities, the meaning conveyed by its façade has lost much of its potency. It is now contemporary prison drama, as opposed to the physical façade, that represents the interface between the public and the prison. This article explores a dramatic representation of the prison (The Shawshank Redemption) through the lens of Freud's (1919/1955) notion of the uncanny and Bachelard's (1958/1994) poetics of domestic space. Incarceration, as depicted in film and television, reinforces the `place myths' of the prison (Shields, 1991). Contemporary prison drama portrays the prison as a marginal space in much the way that the Gothic façades of the 19th-century prison projected a particular message. The prison, as depicted on screen, is a simulacrum. It is a facsimile of an architectural idea that only ever existed as a façade - a façade that occluded as much as it projected

The United Kingdom Infrared Telescope Infrared Deep Sky Survey First Data Release

The First Data Release (DR1) of the United Kingdom Infrared Telescope Infrared Deep Sky Survey (UKIDSS) took place on 2006 July 21. The UKIDSS is a set of five large near-infrared surveys, covering a complementary range of areas, depths and Galactic latitudes. The DR1 is the first large release of survey-quality data from the UKIDSS and includes 320 deg(2) of multicolour data to (Vega) K = 18, complete (depending on the survey) in three to five bands from the set ZYJHK, together with 4 deg(2) of deep JK data to an average depth K = 21. In addition, the release includes a similar quantity of data with incomplete filter coverage. In JHK, in regions of low extinction, the photometric uniformity of the calibration is better than 0.02 mag in each band. The accuracy of the calibration in ZY remains to be quantified, and the same is true of JHK in regions of high extinction. The median image full width at half-maximum across the data set is 0.82 arcsec. We describe changes since the Early Data Release in the implementation, pipeline and calibration, quality control, and archive procedures. We provide maps of the areas surveyed, and summarize the contents of each of the five surveys in terms of filters, areas and depths. The DR1 marks completion of 7 per cent of the UKIDSS seven-year goals.Peer reviewe