Salivary gland tumour of the lip: report of two cases and literature review

A research article on rare tumors affecting the salivary gland (SGTS).Salivary gland tumours (SGT'S) are uncommon; they represent 2.4% of head and neck neoplasm and include tumours affecting both major and minor salivary glands. The glands are divided into major and minor salivary gland categories. The major salivary glands are the parotid, submandibular and sublingual glands. The minor glands are dispersed throughout the upper aerodigestive submucosa (palate, tongue, lip, pharynx, nasopharynx, larynx, parapharyngeal space) and anatomical parts; skin, muscle and mucous membrane with numerous salivary glands in the submucosa. Pleomorphic adenomas (benign mixed tumours) are the most common benign SGT and comprise 85% of all salivary gland neoplasms. However, the incidence of SGT'S is claimed to be influenced by geographic and racial factors. African reports suggest a pattern that significantly differs from that of western countries. The ubiquitous deposits of the minor salivary glands complicate the diagnosis and management

A comparative assessment of secondary school students' satisfaction with ICT studies: Implications for managing secondary school education for global competitiveness in post COVID-19 era

Technological advancement has ushered Computer studies which is also regarded as Information and Communication Technology (ICT) instruction into educational curriculum. The aim of ICT studies in secondary school system is to equip every student with the prerequisite skills and competence to function effectively in the contemporary society that is characterized by emerging technologies. Therefore, the main objective of this research was to assess students’ satisfaction with ICT instruction in secondary schools in Calabar Metropolis, Cross River State, Nigeria. Three research hypotheses were formulated to give direction to the study. The study sample was 5245 students drawn from the population of Senior Secondary (SS) 2 and Senior Secondary (SS) 3 classes across public and private schools in 2019/2020 academic session. A survey research design was adopted for the study. The instrument for data collection was a questionnaire entitled "Secondary School Students' Satisfaction with Computer Studies Questionnaire (SSSSCSQ)". The data collected were analyzed using population t-test and independent t-test. The major findings indicated that secondary school students' satisfaction with ICT instruction was not significantly differ with respect to school ownership, gender and school location. It was recommended among others that the Government at various levels, Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) as well as Parents Teachers Association (PTA) should improve in their efforts towards provision of both hardware and software ICT facilities to sustain blended pedagogy in Post Covid-19 era

POST-OPERATIVE ANORECTAL FUNCTIONAL DISTURBANCES IN CHILDREN IN CALABAR, NIGERIA

Between January 1993 and December 2001, 84 children aged between 0 and 15 years were treated with function problems of the anorectal region following surgical operations in the region. The age of maximum presentation was the 6 - 10 years age bracket. The main presenting complains were faecal soilage and poor bowel habit. The children notably presented late and they south medical attention as a result of societal embarrassment at school. Before this age the child was within the home environment hence partentd may not bother. Complications from anal agenesis operation accounted for the majority of patients 45 children (54%) while Hirschsprung's disease accounted for 39 patients (46%). Treatment in all cases started conservatively with diet manipulation. Cleansing enema and physiotherapeutic training. However, with non improvement in faecal soilage, a simple repair involving a narrowing at the anorectal function was carried out. In a follow-up period of between 6 - 12 months, 45 children had satisfactory clinical status while in 27 children their general condition had improved. The late presentation may have contributed to the overall improvement as the fibres of the external sphincter muscle perhaps have further develop

Pattern and distribution of female breast masses seen in secondary health facility in Lagos

Background: Evaluation of a palpable breast mass requires a systematic approach to the history, physical examination, and radiographic imaging studies to ensure a correct diagnosis. Palpable breast masses are common and usually benign, but efficient evaluation and prompt diagnosis are necessary to rule out malignancy. A thorough clinical breast examination, imaging, and tissue sampling are needed for a definitive diagnosis.Aim: To study the distribution and pattern of breast masses in secondary health facility in Lagos.Method: This study was carried out in two hospitals in Lagos over a period of 5 years January 2010 to December2014. The hospitals are General Hospital, Ikorudu and General Hospital, Orile-Agege. All patients with palpable breast masses were evaluated with history, physical examination, ultrasonography, mammography, Fine Needle Aspiration cytology (FNAC) and/or trucut biopsy in cases that required such investigation. Excisional Biopsy was done for benign masses and histology was obtained in all cases.Results: In this study 193 patients were seen with different types of breast masses. Histological diagnosis was obtained for all cases. The age range was 10years to 70years. Fibroadenoma was the most common diagnoses accounting for 126 (65.28%) of all cases, breast cancers accounted for 49 (25.38), cystosarcomaphyloides and fibrocystic diseases accounted for 5 patients (2.6%) each respectively, breast lipoma accounted for 3 (1.6%) while breast abscesses and ductal papillomas accounted for 2 (1%) each respectively. Tubular adenoma accounted for 1(0.5%).Conclusion: Fibroadenoma and breast cancinoma are the most common breast masses seen. Hence histological evaluation is very important. Key words Pattern, Distribution, Breast masse

Spectrum of anorectallesion among HIV positive patients in Lagos Nigeria

Background:  Anorectal diseases are more common in human immunodeficiency virus-infected individuals. The aim of this prospective study was to assess the clinical presentation of anorectal diseases in this human immunodeficiency viruspositive population Objective: To evaluate the spectrum of anorectal lesion on HIV positive patients Method:  A total of one hundred and thirty five  patients that presented to the SOPD of General  hospital Ikorudu with confirmed history of positive HIV test and anorectal lesions were included in the study. All patients had rectal examination with digital examination, proctoscopy and biopsy whennecessary. Results: Data from 135 consecutive human immunodeficiency virus-seropositive patients with  anorectal symptoms were analyzed. They were 93 males and 42 females giving M;F ratio of 2,1:1 .Fifty four patents had haemorrhoid, 27 had fissure in Ano while 15 had fistula in Ano ,11 patients had anal warts,11 had rectal prolaspe ,one had pilonidal sinus ,17 had Anorectal Abscess,8 had rectal cancer and 2 had solitary anal syndrome Conclusion: Human immunodeficiency virus infection is associated with a wide spectrum of anorectal disease of which anorectalinfection,fissure in Ano.,anal warts and fistula in Ano as well as rectal cancer are common.We recommend that patients who presented with anorectal lesion should be screen for retroviral infection

Adermatoglyphia associated with Aquagenic Urticaria in a female Nigerian – an incidental clinical finding and surgical side attraction

Background: The fingerprint is a unique, accessible and widely used authentic marker of personal identification as a biometric indicator. It is very unusual to find a person without fingerprints. In the course of preoperative surgical evaluation, we encountered a female surgical patient who claimed to lack fingerprints. This rare condition is called Adermatoglyphia. She was also found to be allergic to water, yet another very infrequent condition called Aquagenic Urticaria. We sought to know more about these conditions especially when inquiry among colleagues returned negative awareness. We hereby report our findings in the medical literature about both rare conditions.Objective: Our aim for reporting this incidental condition is to update ourselves and colleagues about the existence of persons without fingerprints and its wider implications not necessarily medical.  We also wish to find out if dermatoglyphia and aquagenic urticaria have been described together in one individual previously in medical literature and what they have in common.Method: We performed an online search in English medical literature using the key terms for a better understanding of their nature, causes, features, relationship, medical importance and other implications. This was used to support our incidental findings.Result: Our literature search shows that Adermatoglyphia exists as a very rare congenital condition characterised by the absence of fingerprints hence labelled as a forensic lesion. However, some other acquired conditions exist that can lead to the absence, alteration or disappearance of fingerprints. Similarly, pathological allergy to water (aquagenic urticaria) though equally rare, has been well described in the literature but the two conditions are neither related nor have they been previously described in the same patient. This is the first report of the coexistence of Aquagenic Urticaria and Adermatoglyphia in the same patient .Conclusion: It is important to keep the medical community aware of these rare conditions as the existence of persons without fingerprints have forensic, legal, business, immigration and security implications but no known medical concern while aquagenic urticaria is a very rare but serious allergic condition that can be managed medically