Populational fluctuation and spatial distribution of Alphitobius diaperinus (Panzer) (Coleoptera; Tenebrionidae) in a poultry house, Cascavel, Parana state, Brazil.

Abstract Knowledge of the population fluctuation and spatial distribution of pests is fundamental for establishing an appropriate control method. The population fluctuation and spatial distribution of the Alphitobius diaperinus in a poultry house in Cascavel, in the state of Parana, Brazil, was studied between October, 2001 and October 2002. Larvae and adults of the lesser mealworm were sampled weekly using Arends tube traps (n = 22) for six consecutive flock grow-outs. The temperature of the litter and of the poultry house was measured at the same locations of the tube traps. Beetle numbers increased continuously throughout all the sampling dates (average 5,137 in the first week and 18,494 insects on the sixth week). Significantly greater numbers of larvae were collected than adults (1 to 20 times in 95% of the sampling points). There was no correlation between temperature and the number of larvae and adults collected, therefore no fluctuation was observed during the sampling period. The population growth was correlated to litter re-use. The highest temperatures were observed in deep litter. The spatial distribution of larvae and adults in the poultry house was heterogeneous during the whole period of evaluation. Results suggest that monitoring in poultry houses is necessary prior to adopting and evaluating control measures due to the great variability of the insect distribution in the poultry house. Keywords: lesser mealworm, poultry house, temperature, population dynamicbitstream/item/78871/1/ID-27879.pd

Selection for entomopathogenic fungi and LD50 of Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) Sorok. for the Lesser Mealworm Alphitobius diaperinus (Panzer) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae).

The pathogenicity of insect-pathogenic hyphomycetous isolates to the lesser mealworm Alphitobius diaperinus (Panzer) was tested in this study. Thirty isolates of Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin, Paecilomyces amoenoroseus (Hennings), P. fumosoroseus (Wize) Brown& Smith, P. lilacinus (Thom) Samson, P. tenuipes (Petch) Samson, Metarhizium anisopliae (Metschnikoff) Sorokin, and M. anisopliae var. acridum were initially screened by sprinkling dry conidia onto adult A. diaperinus or by allowing adults to walk on Petri dishes with sporulating fungal isolates. The two most virulent isolates, CNPSo-Ma352 (M. anisopliae) and CNPSo-Ma356 (M. anisopliae), killed 30% and 26.7% of the dry-conidia treated adults, respectively. These two isolates were selected for LD50 bioassays. LD50 of CNPSo-Ma352 was 4.5 x 104 conidia per larva, and 2.1 x 105 conidia per adult, and for strain CNPSo-Ma356, LD50 was 2.2 x 104 conidia per larva and 1.3 x 105 conidia per adult. Larvae were 5-6 times more susceptible than adults. A larger number of conidia required to cause 50% mortality in insect evaluates, suggesting the reduced susceptibility of A. diaperinus to entomopathogenic fungi. Nevertheless, these and other strains of fungus offer an alternative method for controlling of lesser mealworm in poultry houses when associated to integrated management

Variabilidade genética em populações de Pseudoplusia includens (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) nas regiões produtoras de soja no Brasil.

Pseudoplusia includens (Walker) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) é uma importante praga, de difícil controle, na cultura da soja no Brasil. Informações sobre a distribuição da variabilidade de suas subpopulações no Brasil ainda são restritas, embora os conhecimentos da estrutura genética populacional e do fluxo gênico dessa espécie possam contribuir no delineamento do manejo da resistência a inseticidas e toxinas. Assim, este trabalho teve por objetivo estudar a variabilidade genética de P. includens nas principais regiões produtoras de soja, utilizando sequências de genes mitocondriais (mtDNA). Foram coletadas populações de P. includens nas localidades de Campo Verde (MT), Tasso Fragoso (MA), Bela Vista do Paraíso (PR), Santa Helena de Goiás (GO) e Coxilha (RS), totalizando 67 espécimes. O DNA total foi extraído individualmente, e as regiões do mtDNA, citocromo oxidase I (COI), citocromo oxidase II (COII) e citocromo B (CytB) foram amplificadas, purificadas e sequenciadas. A distribuição da variabilidade genética entre e dentro de cada subpopulação foi determinada por meio da Análise de Variância Molecular (AMOVA), usando o programa Arlequin e a frequência de haplótipos foi determinada no programa TCS. As subpopulações dos estados de Goiás e Maranhão foram as que apresentaram a maior diversidade haplotípica. O índice de fixação (ϕST) obtido pela AMOVA indicou que não existe estruturação nas subpopulações estudadas de P. includens. A ausência de agrupamento na análise da rede de haplótipos das sequências de mtDNA evidenciou a reduzida diferenciação entre as subpopulações

Strong Decays of Strange Quarkonia

In this paper we evaluate strong decay amplitudes and partial widths of strange mesons (strangeonia and kaonia) in the 3P0 decay model. We give numerical results for all energetically allowed open-flavor two-body decay modes of all nsbar and ssbar strange mesons in the 1S, 2S, 3S, 1P, 2P, 1D and 1F multiplets, comprising strong decays of a total of 43 resonances into 525 two-body modes, with 891 numerically evaluated amplitudes. This set of resonances includes all strange qqbar states with allowed strong decays expected in the quark model up to ca. 2.2 GeV. We use standard nonrelativistic quark model SHO wavefunctions to evaluate these amplitudes, and quote numerical results for all amplitudes present in each decay mode. We also discuss the status of the associated experimental candidates, and note which states and decay modes would be especially interesting for future experimental study at hadronic, e+e- and photoproduction facilities. These results should also be useful in distinguishing conventional quark model mesons from exotica such as glueballs and hybrids through their strong decays.Comment: 69 pages, 5 figures, 39 table