Parity Breaking in Nematic Tactoids

We theoretically investigate under what conditions the director field in a spindle-shaped nematic droplet or tactoid obtains a twisted, parity-broken structure. By minimizing the sum of the bulk elastic and surface energies, we show that a twisted director field is stable if the twist and bend elastic constants are small enough compared to the splay elastic constant, but only if the droplet volume is larger than some minimum value. We furthermore show that the transition from an untwisted to a twisted director-field structure is a sharp function of the various control parameters. We predict that suspensions of rigid, rod-like particles cannot support droplets with a parity broken structure, whereas they could possibly occur in those of semi-flexible, worm-like particles.Comment: 20 pages, 9 figures, submitted to Journal of Physics: Condensed Matte

ОСОБЕННОСТИ ЛЕЧЕБНОЙ ТАКТИКИ ПРИ ТЯЖЕЛОМ СОЧЕТАННОМ КОЛОТО-РЕЗАНОМ РАНЕНИИ С ПОВРЕЖДЕНИЕМ СЕРДЦА (клиническое наблюдение)

Heart wounds are fairly rare, out of all chest penetrating wounds they make 5-7%. The main causes of lethal outcomes in cardiac incision wounds are massive blood loss, a combination of acute massive blood loss and cardiac tamponade, and isolated cardiac tamponade. The juries of coronary arteries and intracardiac structures also provide an impact on the mortality level. The clinical observation described in the article demonstrates the opportunity to provide a favorable outcome of the trauma disease in the patients with severe concomitant incision wounds of head, neck, chest, abdomen, and acute massive blood loss when providing adequate intensive care and surgical treatment. Ранения сердца встречаются относительно редко, от числа всех проникающих ранений груди они составляют 5–7%. Основными причинами летальных исходов при колото-резаных ранениях сердца являются острая массивная кровопотеря, сочетание острой массивной кровопотери и тампонады сердца, изолированная тампонада сердца. Кроме того, на уровень летальности влияют повреждение коронарных артерий и внутрисердечных структур. Представленное клиническое наблюдение демонстрирует возможность обеспечения благоприятного исхода травматической болезни у пострадавшей с тяжелым сочетанным колото-резаным ранением головы, шеи, груди, живота, конечностей и острой массивной кровопотерей при оказании адекватной реаниматологической и хирургической помощи.

SPECIFIC FEATURES OF MANAGEMENT TACTICS IN SEVERE CONCOMITANT INCISION WOUNDS OF THE HEART

Heart wounds are fairly rare, out of all chest penetrating wounds they make 5-7%. The main causes of lethal outcomes in cardiac incision wounds are massive blood loss, a combination of acute massive blood loss and cardiac tamponade, and isolated cardiac tamponade. The juries of coronary arteries and intracardiac structures also provide an impact on the mortality level. The clinical observation described in the article demonstrates the opportunity to provide a favorable outcome of the trauma disease in the patients with severe concomitant incision wounds of head, neck, chest, abdomen, and acute massive blood loss when providing adequate intensive care and surgical treatment