11 research outputs found
Prilog ispitivanju sastava masnih kiselina u maslacu metodom plinske kromatografije
Ispitivanje sastava masnih kiselina u maslacu ima veliki nauÄni i praktiÄni znaÄaj. Otuda su i razumljiva ispitivanja, koja se posljednjih godina vrÅ”e u ovom pravcu. Tako se objavljuju podaci o sastavu masnih kiselina maslaca u pojedinim zemljama, o sezonskim varijacijama sastava masnih kiselina, kao i meÄusobnom odnosu, koji postoji izmeÄu pojedinih masnih kiselina
Respiratory and immunological changes in tea workers
Respiratorna funkcija ispitivana je u 100 radnica zaposlenih u preradi Äajeva (gruzijski, kadulja, Å”ipak, indijski i kamilica) i u 84 radnice kontrolne skupine. Prevalencija veÄine kroniÄnih respiratornih simptoma bila je znaÄajno viÅ”a u radnica pri preradi Å”ipka, kadulje i gruzijskog Äaja nego u radnica kontrolne skupine. Tijekom radne smjene utvrÄene su statistiÄki znaÄajne srednje akutne redukcije za maksimalni ekspiratorni protok pri 50% i 25 % vitalnog kapaciteta na krivulji maksimalnog ekspiracijskog protoka i volumena (FEF50: 4,1-8,8%; FEF25: 7,8-21,8%) u svih osim u radnica izloženih kamilici. Akutne redukcije FEV1 bile su mnogo manje i uglavnom statistiÄki neznaÄajne. ImunoloÅ”ki status ispitivan je u 26 radnica u preradi Äajeva i u 17 radnica kontrolne skupine. Intradermalni testovi s alergenima Äajeva pokazivali su najveÄi postotak pozitivnih kožnih reakcija na kadulju (45%), gruzijski Äaj (40%) i Å”ipak (10%). U kontrolnoj skupini radnica utvrÄene su pozitivne kožne reakcije u 23 % na kadulju, 19 % na gruzijski Äaj i 11 % na Å”ipak i indijski Äaj. Koncentracija IgE u serumu poviÅ”ena je u 27% radnica u preradi Äajeva i u 7% radnica kontrolne skupine.Respiratory function was examined in 100 female workers employed in the production of different types of tea (gruzyan, sage, dog rose, indian and chamomile) and in 84 female control workers. The prevalence of almost all chronic respiratory symptoms was significantly higher in workers processing dog rose, sage and gruzyan tea than in the control group. During work shift there were significant mean acute reductions in maximal expiratory flow rates at 50% and 25 % of the vital capacity on maximum expiratory flow-volume curves (FEF50: 4.l-8.8%;FEF25: 7.8-21.8%) except in workers exposed to chamomile. Acute reductions in FEY1 were considerably smaller and not significant. The immunological status was examined in 26 tea workers and in 17 control workers. Skin tests with tea allergens demonstrated the highest percentage of positive reaction to sage (45%), gruzyan tea (40%) and dog rose (10%). Among the control workers, 23% had a positive skin reaction to sage, 19 % to gruzyan tea and 11 % to dog rose and indian tea. Serum levels of total IgE were elevated in 27 % of the tea workers and in 17% of the control subjects
Immunological and respiratory changes in soy-bean workers
ImunoloÅ”ki status i respiratorna funkcija ispitivani su u skupini od 19 radnika na preradi soje i u 31 radnika kontrolne skupine. Svi radnici u preradi soje imali su pozitivne kožne reakcije na praÅ”inu soje, 18 radnika na antigen soje nakon ekstrakcije ulja, tri na sojin lecitin i samo jedan na sojino ulje. U tri radnika na preradi soje utvrÄeni su poviÅ”eni specifiÄni imunoglobulini lgE. MeÄu radnicima kontrolne skupine 19 je reagiralo pozitivnim kožnim testovima na alergen soje, 20 na soju nakon ekstrakcije ulja, a niti jedan na sojino ulje. U jednog radnika utvrÄen je poviÅ”eni specifiÄni IgE. Prevalencija kroniÄnih respiratornih simptoma bila je viÅ”a u eksponiranih nego u kontrolnih radnika (statistiÄki znaÄajno samo za dispneju, P<0,01). Radnici na preradi soje s poveÄanim IgE, kao i oni s pozitivnim kožnim testovima na kuÄnu praÅ”inu nisu pokazivali veÄu prevalenciju kroniÄnih respiratornih simptoma nego oni s negativnim testovima. Snižene vrijednosti ventilacijskog kapaciteta utvrÄene su u relativno velikog broja radnika. Radnici s pozitivnim kožnim testovima na kuÄnu praÅ”inu imali su sliÄne akutne redukcije kao i oni s negativnim kožnim testovima. Osim toga utvrÄivali smo djelovanje ekstrakta soje na izoliranoj traheji zamorÄeta, Rezultati su pokazali da je ekstrakt vrlo aktivan uzrokujuÄi direktno konstrikciju glatke muskulature bronha. Rezultati upuÄuju na to da je senzibilizacija na soju vrlo Äesta, premda na temelju ovih podataka ne možemo zakljuÄiti o ulozi atopije u razvoju respiratornih bolesti i promjena pluÄne funkcije.Immunological and respiratory findings were studied in a group of 19 male soy-bean workers.
A group of 31 control workers were examined for the prevalence of respiratory symptoms and 20 control workers were included in the immunological study. All soy-bean workers had positive immediate skin reaction to soy-bean dust, IR to soy antigen after separation from oil, three to lecithin antigen and only one to soy oil. Only three soy-bean workers had increased levels of specific IgE. Among 20 control workers, 19 reacted to soy-bean dust, 20 to soy after separation of oil and none to soy oil. One demonstrated increased specific IgE. The prevalence of chronic respiratory symptoms was considerably higher in exposed than in control workers, being statistically different for dyspnea (P < 0.01). The statistically significant acute reductions in ventilatory capacity were particularly pronounced for FEF50 (- 4.7%) and FEF25 (- 9.4%). The mean ventilatory capacity values before shift on monday were significantly lower than those on the following Friday for FVC, FEF50 and FEF25. There was no difference in ventilatory capacity between soy-bean workers with positive and those with negative skin tests to house dust or between those with increased and those with normal IgE serum levels.
A water soluble extract of soy-bean dust was also assayed in organ bath containing guinea pig trachea. This model showed the extract to be highly reactive causing a dose-related constriction of airway smooth muscle. Our data suggest that immunologic sensitization to soy-bean products is very frequent. In addition to possible humoral contribution to respiratory disorders, soy dust seems to directly affect airway smooth muscle
Ventilatory capacity in furriers
Ispitivana je skupina od 40 žena zaposlenih u preradi krzna (srednja dob 36 godina, srednja ekspozicija 14 godina) i skupina od 31 radnice kontrolne neeksponirane skupine. ViÅ”a prevalencija kroniÄnih respiratornih simptoma i bolesti utvrÄena je u radnica na preradi krzna nego u radnica kontrolne skupine; te su razlike bile statistiÄki znaÄajne za kroniÄni kaÅ”alj i sinusitis (p < 0,01). NajviÅ”a prevalencija u radnica na preradi krzna utvrÄena je za kroniÄni kaÅ”alj (50%), zatim sinusitis (30%), dispneju (25%), katar nosa (20%) i profesionalnu astmu (5%). Velik broj radnika u preradi krzna tužio se na akutne simptome tijekom radne smjene. U radnica na preradi krzna utvrÄene su statistiÄki znaÄajne akutne redukcije tijekom radne smjene za FVK (-4,1%), FEV1 (-5,2%) i FEV50 (-6,3%). Vrijednosti ventilacijskih testova u usporedbi s normalnim vrijednostima pokazale su znaÄajno sniženi FVK i FEV25 (p < 0,05). Primjena 40 mg kromoglikata natrija (Intala) prije smjene znatno je smanjila intenzitet akutnih respiratornih simptoma i smanjila redukcije ventilacijske funkcije pluÄa tijekom radne smjene.Forty women employed as furriers in the fur processing industry and a group of 31 control workers were examined. A higher prevalence of chronic respiratory symptoms was found among the furriers than among the controls. The differences were statistically significant for chronic cough and sinusitis (P < 0.01). The highest prevalence in furriers was found for chronic cough (50%), sinusitis (30%), followed by dyspnea (25%), nasal catarrh (20%) and occupational asthma (5%). A large number of workers complained of acute symptoms during work shift. Statistically significant mean acute reductions in ventilatory capacity over the workshift were recorded for FVC (-4.1 %), FEV1 (- 5.2%) and FEV50 (-6.3%). The furriers demonstrated significantly lower mean measured pre-shift values for FVC and FEY25 (P < 0.05) when compared with the predicted. Pre-shift administration of 40 mg of Intal considerably diminished acute ventilatory capacity over the work shift
Human Lifespan: To Live and Outlive 100 Years?
Starenje populacije je dominantno demografsko obilježje razvijenih zemalja. StogodiÅ”njaci su selekcionirana skupina i samo jedna od 7.000 do 10.000 osoba dosegne tu dob. Äimbenici dugovjeÄnosti vjerojatno su brojni i ukljuÄuju gensko predodreÄenje (lokus na 4. kromosomu), zdrav okoliÅ” i zdrave životne navike (prehrana s malo kalorija), redovita tjelesna i psihiÄka aktivnost, kao i dostupnost te uÄinkovitost zdravstvene zaÅ”tite s primjenom geroprofi lakse. StogodiÅ”njaci se adaptiraju na novi život i na gubitak tjelesnih funkcija koji bivaju postupno sve izraženiji kako se dob povisuje. Granice ljudskog života produžuju se - do sada najstarija poznata osoba doživjela je 128 godina. Pojedina zemljopisna podruÄja bilježe izrazito veÄi broj stogodiÅ”njaka. Navedene su i neke dugovjeÄne osobe s viÅ”e od 100 godina u svijetu i na podruÄju Republike Hrvatske i nekih susjednih zemalja. Iako se uglavnom smatra da se granica trajanja života Äovjeka ne može produžiti iznad 120 godina, za sada je ipak teÅ”ko predvidjeti gdje su njezine granice.Aged population dominates in developed countries. Centenarians are a select group, and only one in 7,000 to 10,000 reach that age. Factors of longevity are numerous and include genetic predisposition (a locus on chromosome 4), environment, healthy lifestyle (hypocaloric diet, regular physical and mental exercise), accessible health services, and effi cient health protection at old age. Centenarians are well adapted to the new life and compensate for the loss of functions with age. The limits of human life are extended, so that nowadays the oldest person has reached the age of 128. Some geographic areas are characterised by higher numbers of centenarians. This article mentions a few individuals who outlived 100 years in the world, Croatia, and neighbouring countries. Although some argue that the limits of human life cannot be extended over the age of 120 years, for now we cannot predict the actual limits of human life