MAIN STAGES OF CONTINENTAL CRUST FORMATION IN THE WESTERN ALDAN SHIELD: CONSTRAINTS FROM SM-ND ISOTOPE SYSTEMATICS OF CENOZOIC SANDS IN THE CHARA AND TOKKA BASINS

Previous geochronological and Sm-Nd isotopegeochemical studies have identified the main stages of the Precambrian continental crust formation in the central and eastern parts of the Aldan Shield [Kotov et al., 2006], while its western part (Chara-Olekma Geoblock) has not been adequately investigated yet in this respect.Previous geochronological and Sm-Nd isotopegeochemical studies have identified the main stages of the Precambrian continental crust formation in the central and eastern parts of the Aldan Shield [Kotov et al., 2006], while its western part (Chara-Olekma Geoblock) has not been adequately investigated yet in this respect

Dynamics of the Epidemic Process of Tick-Borne Encephalitis in Irkutsk Region in 2001–2021

The aim of this work was to analyze the spatial and temporal features of the epidemic process dynamics of tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) in Irkutsk Region in 2001–2021.Materials and methods. The data of the Rospotrebnadzor Administration for the Irkutsk Region, the Reference Center of the Irkutsk Research Anti-Plague Institute, the materials of the state statistical reporting form No. 2 “Information on infectious and parasitic diseases”, and scientific publications were analyzed. The chronological and chorological features of the change in the incidence of TVE have been traced. In the latter case, the administrative-territorial formations (ATF) of the subject were differentiated by epidemiological risk groups over two ten-year periods: 2001–2010 and 2011–2020. At each time interval, the grouping of areas according to the level of TBE incidence was carried out using the calculation of 95% confidence interval. Time sequences of observations were analyzed using the construction of regression equations. Standard methods of variation statistics in the Microsoft Excel were deployed.Results and discussion. Over the course of the 21st century, the incidence of TBE in Irkutsk Region has been declining. Based on 2001–2010 data, there were no cases of TBE in six ATF, and endemic areas were divided into three groups: with low (15 districts), medium (6) and high (8) incidence of TBE. A separate assessment of morbidity rates was conducted in the administrative center of the entity, the city of Irkutsk. In 2011–2020, the structure of ATF with varying epidemiological risk of TBE underwent a change. Six non-endemic areas, groups of low (12 ATFs), medium (9), high (6) and very high (2) epidemiological risk were identified. The spatial arrangement of high epidemiological risk zones changed, and their area increased. Each ATF cluster with different TBE incidence in 2011–2020 is characterized by the number of TBE cases and the volume of measures to prevent the infection. It is concluded that preventive measures were insufficient in ATF groups of high and very high epidemiological risk

Regularities of fracture pattern formation in alumina ceramics subjected to dynamic indentation

In this paper the process of dynamic indentation, causing deformation and fracture of alumina ceramics, is investigated. The dynamic indentation experiments were carried out on the original setup based on the split Hopkinson bar technique. The regularities of structure evolution caused by indenter penetration are studied using the computer tomography data of the samples subjected to different loads. The investigation revealed the existence of comminuted area in the vicinity of the indenter and the formation of multiple cracks in the zone lying below. It was found that the higher is the applied indentation load, the denser is the crack pattern and larger are the cracks. A similarity of such a mechanical behavior between the examined material and dentin taken as a biocomposite is discussed

Regularities of fracture pattern formation in alumina ceramics subjected to dynamic indentation

In this paper the process of dynamic indentation, causing deformation and fracture of alumina ceramics, is investigated. The dynamic indentation experiments were carried out on the original setup based on the split Hopkinson bar technique. The regularities of structure evolution caused by indenter penetration are studied using the computer tomography data of the samples subjected to different loads. The investigation revealed the existence of comminuted area in the vicinity of the indenter and the formation of multiple cracks in the zone lying below. It was found that the higher is the applied indentation load, the denser is the crack pattern and larger are the cracks. A similarity of such a mechanical behavior between the examined material and dentin taken as a biocomposite is discussed

ИЗУЧЕНИЕ ВЛИЯНИЯ МОДЕЛЬНЫХ МЯСНЫХ СИСТЕМ НА АЛЛЕРГИЧЕСКУЮ РЕАКЦИЮ ИММУНИТЕТА IN VIVO

This article presents the results of studying the effect of homogeneous model meat systems produced using enzyme preparation containing fungal protease and microbiological starter culture of Lactobacillus plantarum on the allergic reactions within specific immunity in vivo. According to the results, it is established that experimental products have no negative effect on the clinical parameters of laboratory animals. During the experiment, with the introduction of experimental products into diet, the dynamics of body weight changes in all groups of animals was positive. At the end of the experiment, there were smaller increase in the weight of rats and lower values of weight gain (Group 1 — 14.0 %, Group 2 — 15.9 %, Group 3 — 20.2 %). This is possibly due to the adaptation processes occurring in response to introduction of meat systems into the diet, which confirms the leveling of the daily weight gain of experimental and intact animals since the 16th day of the experiment. According to the results of clinical blood analysis of the animals consuming experimental products, an increase is detected in leukocytes and lymphocytes by up to 18 %; in granulocytes by up to 35 %; and in monocytes by up to 8 %; in hemoglobin concentration, hematocrit and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration by more than 3 %; in red cell distribution width and mean corpuscular volume by up to 2 %, in comparison with intact animals. The correlation of these data with ELISA parameters for serum of experimental animals (histamine and immunoglobulin E) allowed to suggest the expression of reaginic antibodies and interaction on the surface of basophils and mast cells, which led to the degranulation and release (increase) of histamine, as a vasoactive factor, by 40 % compared with intact animals.The overall conclusion of the studies is that experimental model meat systems may trigger the activation of specific immune responses in laboratory animals. This is possibly due to protease-mediated formation of greater amount of indigestible polypeptides and peptides that invoke local adaptation responses.В данной статье представлены результаты изучения влияния гомогенных мясных модельных систем, полученных с применением ферментного препарата грибной протеазы и микробиологической стартовой культуры Lactobacillus plantarum, на аллергическую реакцию специфического иммунитета in vivo. По результатам исследований установлено, что опытные продукты не оказывают негативного влияния на клиническое состояние лабораторных животных. На протяжении эксперимента динамика изменения массы тела животных всех групп была положительной, при введении опытных образцов в рацион, отмечены меньший прирост веса крыс и меньшие значения привесов животных в конце эксперимента (у крыс 1 группы — 14,0 %, 2 группы — 15,9 %, у животных 3 группы — 20,2 %). Возможно это связано с  адаптационными процессами, происходящими в ответ на введение в рацион мясных систем, что подтверждает нивелирование ежесуточного привеса опытных и интактных животных начиная с 16-х суток эксперимента. По результатам общего клинического анализа крови животных, потреблявших опытные продукты, выявлено увеличение лейкоцитов и  лимфоцитов до 18 %, гранулоцитов до 35 % и  моноцитов до 8 %, концентрации гемоглобина, уровня гематокрита и средней концентрации гемоглобина в  эритроците свыше 3 %, ширины распределения эритроцитов и среднего объема эритроцита до 2 % по сравнению с  интактными животными. Соотношение этих данных с  анализом иммуноферментных показателей сыворотки крови опытных животных (гистамин и иммуноглобулин Е) позволило высказать предположение об экспрессии реагиновых антител и взаимодействии на поверхности базофилов и  тучных клеток, приводящих к  дегрануляции и  высвобождению (увеличению) гистамина, как вазоактивного фактора, на 40 % в сравнении с интактной группой.  Общий вывод исследований указывает на то, что опытные мясные модельные системы могут вызывать активацию специфических иммунных реакций у лабораторных животных. Возможно, это связано с образованием под действием протеаз большего количества сложноусваеваемых полипептидных и  пептидных соединений, вызывающих местные адаптационные реакции

Epidemiological Situation on Tick-Borne Viral Encephalitis in the Russian Federation in 2011–2021 and Short-Term Forecast of its Development

The aim of the work was to analyze the epidemiological situation on tick-borne viral encephalitis in the endemic territories of the Russian Federation in 2021 in comparison with the dynamics over 2011–2020 and its shortterm forecast for 2022. In Russia, 48 constituent entities belonging to seven federal districts are endemic for tick-borne viral encephalitis (TBVE). There is a statistically significant downward trend in the incidence of TBVE in the Siberian Federal District (which is characterized by the maximum incidence rate in the country), the Volga and Far Eastern Federal Districts. In the Ural Federal District (the second in terms of TBVE incidence), the decline in the incidence has stalled since 2021. The average long-term incidence of TBVE in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation varies from sporadic (Republic of Crimea)  up to 12.5 per 100 thousand of the population (0/0000) (Krasnoyarsk Territory). In 2021, TBVE cases were detected in 42 endemic regions and in one non-endemic region – Stavropol Territory. At the same time, 1015 cases of TBVE were in the country (0.69 0/0000). In all Federal Districts, the incidence of TBVE is below the long-term average values. Using the Quantum GIS program, the incidence of TBVE in 917 administrative territories of the country has been ranked and grouped according to the level of epidemiological risk. This made it possible to establish that 65 % of the territories form a zone of low epidemiological risk. High and very high epidemiological risk is observed in 13% of the analyzed districts. The structure of TBVE clinical manifestations in 2021 was dominated by febrile (59.7 %) and meningeal (24.3 %) forms. 14 lethal outcomes were reported. In 2021, 2 889 515 people were vaccinated (including 1 433 850 children), of which 14 fell ill. Specific immunoglobulin was used to prevent the overt development of infection in 100 704 individuals, which accounts for 22.6 % of the persons affected by tick bites (30.6 % among children). Acaricidic treatments were carried out on an operational area of 233 125 hectares of territories of socially significant objects. The scope of all TBVE prevention measures in 2021 increased as compared to 2020. In 2022, a decline in the incidence of TBVE in endemic Federal Districts and in the country on the whole is forecasted to (0,64±0,192) 0/0000

The tuberculosis of the genitals in women of reproductive age, as the causes of infertelity

This paper presents the result of a literature review on the topic "Genital tuberculosis in women of reproductive age." In the course of the study, we compiled an algorithm to identify the pathology of the genital organs in women associated with tuberculosis.В данной работе представлен результат обзора литературы на тему «Генитальный туберкулез у женщин репродуктивного возраста». В ходе исследования нами был составлен алгоритм по выявлению патологии половых органов у женщин, ассоциированной с туберкулезомВ данной работе представлен результат обзора литературы на тему «Генитальный туберкулез у женщин репродуктивного возраста». В ходе исследования нами был составлен алгоритм по выявлению патологии половых органов у женщин, ассоциированной с туберкулезом

Epidemiological Situation on Tick-Borne Viral Encephalitis in the Russian Federation in 2022 and Forecast of its Development for 2023

The aim of this review is to predict the incidence of tick-borne viral encephalitis (TBVE) in the Russian Federation for 2023 based on analysis of the epidemiological situation on TBVE during 2012–2022. Over the decade, the highest incidence of TBVE was registered in the Siberian, Volga and Ural Federal Districts. In 2022, the Ural Federal District took the second place, the share of the North-Western one decreased by almost two times. Ranking of territories according to the rate of TBVE incidence at the level of constituent entities has made it possible to attribute 16 of them to the group of regions with a high epidemic risk, 14 – to medium epidemic risk, and 18 – to a low epidemic risk. In 2022, the incidence of TBVE in Russia increased by 1.9 times compared to 2021, and amounted to 1.34 0/0000. Despite the increase in the incidence of TBVE in 2022, a significant downward trend has been retained. The rate of infection of ticks removed from humans in 2022 was below the long-term average values. PCR and ELISA were applied for tests. Infection rate of ticks from environmental objects when studied by PCR was higher than the multi-year average values, and lower when studied by ELISA. In 2022, 3.5 million people were immunized against TBVE (vaccinated and revaccinated). Emergency immunoprophylaxis with immunoglobulin covered 24.5 % of the people affected by tick bites (children accounted for 34.3 %). The forecast for TBVE incidence in Russia in 2023 remains favorable. It is expected to be reduced to (0.83±0.298) 0/0000. However, there was not only an increase in the number of TBVE cases, but also the proportion of clinical manifestations of the disease, as well as lethal outcomes among those who suffered from tick bites in 2022. If this pattern holds, the incidence of TBVE in 2023 will be higher than predicted, especially in the constituent entities where the share of individuals with manifest forms among those who suffered from tick bites has increased greatly

Six pelagic seabird species of the North Atlantic engage in a fly-and-forage strategy during their migratory movements

Funding Information: We thank all the fieldworkers for their hard work collecting data. Funding for this study was provided by the Norwegian Ministry for Climate and the Environment, the Norwegian Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the Norwegian Oil and Gas Association along with 8 oil companies through the SEATRACK project (www. seapop. no/ en/ seatrack). Fieldwork in Norwegian colonies (incl. Svalbard and Jan Mayen) was supported by the SEAPOP program (www.seapop.no, grant no. 192141). The French Polar Institute (IPEV project 330 to O.C.) supported field operation for Kongsfjord kittiwakes. The work on the Isle of May was also supported by the Natural Environment Research Council (Award NE/R016429/1 as part of the UK-SCaPE programme delivering National Capability). We thank Maria Bogdanova for field support and data processing. Finally, we thank 3 anonymous reviewers for their help improving the first version of the manuscript.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

АНОМАЛЬНОЕ ОТХОЖДЕНИИ КОРОНАРНЫХ АРТЕРИЙ СЕРДЦА ОТ ЛЕГОЧНЫХ АРТЕРИЙ - СИНДРОМ БЛАНДА-УАЙТА-ГАРЛЕНДА

The paper studies the notion of clinical observation of quite rare сongenital malformation of the heart — anomalous origin of the left coronal artery from a pulmonary barrel. In the article we tried to highlight the features of algorithm execution of radiological methods of diagnostics concerning this little-known pathology, in view of its large clinical interest.Представлено несколько клинико-диагностических наблюдений достаточно редкого врожденного порока сердца — аномального отхождения коронарных артерии от легочных артерий. Мы постарались уделить внимание лучевым методам диагностики этой патологии, так как это представляет большой клинический интерес