A simple strategy to design broadband low power consumption distributed Raman amplifier

Abstract In this work, a simple strategy to design wideband low power consumption Raman amplifiers is demonstrated for a three-pump configuration using a low water peak optical fiber. The approach is based on the introduction of a novel numerical measure, which quantifies and isolates pump-pump interaction contribution to gain profile and analyzes its correlation to amplifier minimum ripple. The method tailors the amplifier gain spectrum over 80nm bandwidth with a ripple smaller than 1dB, a gain on the order of 4dB for up to 75km fiber length, and a total pump power consumption smaller than 300mW

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This work presents preliminary results of the ϕ -shaped sensor mounted on support designed by additive manufacturing (AM). This sensor is proposed and experimentally demonstrated to measure the radial variation of cylindrical structures. The sensor presents an easy fabrication. The support was developed to work using the principle of leverage. The sensing head is curled between two points so that the dimension associated with the macro bend is changed when there is a radial variation. The results indicate that the proposed sensor structure can monitor radial variation in applications such as pipelines and trees

Sensor Based on Multiple Fiber Bragg Gratings for Diameter Measurement

A method based on multiple Fiber Bragg Gratings (FBG) and a structure fabricated using a 3D printer for diameter measurement is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The sensor is easily developed inserting the FBG on the structure and fixing the FBG in two points. Due to this arrangement, when the diameter is reduced a force is applied on the sensor and this causes a wavelength shift. The study is divided in two steps using one experimental setup. At first, each FBG response is independently evaluated concerning the diameter variation and after that, the FBGs are evaluated together. The results demonstrated that the structure can be used as a way to monitor the diameter variation in some applications

Sensor Based on Multiple Fiber Bragg Gratings for Diameter Measurement

A method based on multiple Fiber Bragg Gratings (FBG) and a structure fabricated using a 3D printer for diameter measurement is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. The sensor is easily developed inserting the FBG on the structure and fixing the FBG in two points. Due to this arrangement, when the diameter is reduced a force is applied on the sensor and this causes a wavelength shift. The study is divided in two steps using one experimental setup. At first, each FBG response is independently evaluated concerning the diameter variation and after that, the FBGs are evaluated together. The results demonstrated that the structure can be used as a way to monitor the diameter variation in some applications

Surface Plasmon Resonance sensor based on a D-shaped photonic crystal fiber with a bimetallic layer

The investigation of a D-shaped photonic crystal fiber sensor with a bimetallic layer for operation at the visible and infrared spectra is presented. The bimetallic layer is composed by silver and gold slabs deposited adjacently on the flat face of the fiber. It is shown that this architecture allows the excitation of two sharply distinguished plasmon resonance, which suggest potential applications for multiparameter sensing

Surface Plasmon Resonance sensor based on a D-shaped photonic crystal fiber with a bimetallic layer

The investigation of a D-shaped photonic crystal fiber sensor with a bimetallic layer for operation at the visible and infrared spectra is presented. The bimetallic layer is composed by silver and gold slabs deposited adjacently on the flat face of the fiber. It is shown that this architecture allows the excitation of two sharply distinguished plasmon resonance, which suggest potential applications for multiparameter sensing

Tunable Plasmonic Resonance Sensor Using a Metamaterial Film in a D-Shaped Photonic Crystal Fiber for Refractive Index Measurements

Subwavelength cells of metallic nanorods arrayed in a dielectric background, termed “metamaterials”, present bulk properties that are useful to control and manipulate surface plasmon resonances. Such feature finds tremendous potential in providing a broad manifold of applications for plasmonic optical sensors. In this paper, we propose a surface-plasmon-resonance-based sensor with spectral response tunable by the volume fraction of silver present in a metamaterial layer deposited on a D-shaped photonic crystal fiber. Using computational simulations, we show that sensitivity and resolution can be hugely altered by changing the amount of constituents in the metamaterial, with no further modifications in the structure of the sensor. Moreover, the designed sensor can also be applied to label the average volume fraction of silver in the metamaterial layer and then to estimate its effective constitutive parameters

Tunable Plasmonic Resonance Sensor Using a Metamaterial Film in a D-Shaped Photonic Crystal Fiber for Refractive Index Measurements

Subwavelength cells of metallic nanorods arrayed in a dielectric background, termed “metamaterials”, present bulk properties that are useful to control and manipulate surface plasmon resonances. Such feature finds tremendous potential in providing a broad manifold of applications for plasmonic optical sensors. In this paper, we propose a surface-plasmon-resonance-based sensor with spectral response tunable by the volume fraction of silver present in a metamaterial layer deposited on a D-shaped photonic crystal fiber. Using computational simulations, we show that sensitivity and resolution can be hugely altered by changing the amount of constituents in the metamaterial, with no further modifications in the structure of the sensor. Moreover, the designed sensor can also be applied to label the average volume fraction of silver in the metamaterial layer and then to estimate its effective constitutive parameters