Elastic critical moment for bisymmetric steel profiles and its sensitivity by the finite difference method

It is widely known that lateral-torsional buckling of a member under bending and warping restraints of its cross-sections in the steel structures are crucial for estimation of their safety and durability. Although engineering codes for steel and aluminum structures support the designer with the additional analytical expressions depending even on the boundary conditions and internal forces diagrams, one may apply alternatively the traditional Finite Element or Finite Difference Methods (FEM, FDM) to determine the so-called critical moment representing this phenomenon. The principal purpose of this work is to compare three different ways of determination of critical moment, also in the context of structural sensitivity analysis with respect to the structural element length. Sensitivity gradients are determined by the use of both analytical and the central finite difference scheme here and contrasted also for analytical, FEM as well as FDM approaches. Computational study is provided for the entire family of the steel I- and H - beams available for the practitioners in this area, and is a basis for further stochastic reliability analysis as well as durability prediction including possible corrosion progress

Leśmian w przekładzie na niderlandzki a semantyka wierszowa

The paper reflects on the difference between Polish and Dutch verse focusing on the poetry of Bolesław Leśmian. Is it possible to find rhytmical equivalents for Poilish syllabic verse forms in a poetic tradition preferring accentual-syllabic forms and particularly the iambic alexandrine and pentameter? The translator Gerard Rasch tried - not without success to transpose Polish rhytms to Dutch surroundings. choosing a strategy of defamiliarization (Shklovsky) that allows the reader to aesthetically experience Leśmian's poetry