L’influence De La Professionnalisation De La GRH Sur La Valorisation Du Métier De L’enseignant- Chercheur : Le Rôle De L’approche Compétence, Cas Des Enseignants Des Grandes Écoles Revue De Littérature Et Essai De Proposition D’un Cadre Conceptuel

Teaching in universities is currently the main subject of this study, whereby the notions of professionalization and academic pedagogy is considered. The desire to promote the profession of university professor is remarkable as it comes against logics of recognition that are not very compatible. For this reason, particular attention must be paid to the human resource management policy concerning university professors in all aspects of their professional life: their careers, their training needs, their working conditions, and so on. It must also be thought out and focused on results and competitiveness, particularly with regard to the attractiveness and management of positions. This is with a view to ensure better professionalization of the public it trains. The originality of this paper lies in proposing a conceptual framework of reflection and analysis. It aims to understand to what extent the valorization of the profession depends on the professionalization of the HR practices through the setting up of a true competency approach. This approach aims at defining the skills profile of the Moroccan university professors who will serve to better guide and professionalize human resources management activities. Also, the study aims to replace pedagogy as the fundamental competence of the profile of university professor at the heart of the teaching-learning processes of the Moroccan higher education schools

Effect of Tiamulin or Rescue-kit(R) on diet utilisation, growth and carcass yield of growing rabbits

[EN] A total of 192 CalifornianxNew Zealand rabbits weaned at 33 d old were used in this experiment. Animals were allocated at weaning to three homogenous treatment groups based on litter size and live weight. Rabbits in control treatment (C) were offered a standard feed (SF) containing Robenidin and Flavomycin. Rabbits in TI treatment were fed SF diet and supplemented between days 33 and 62 with Tiamulin. The third group of rabbits (RK treatment) were fed SF diet and supplemented with Rescue-Kit(R) (containing B. licheniformis and B. subtilis (1600x10(9) CFU), betain, vitamins and oligo-elements) in the drinking water from 41 to 50 d of age. Digestibility of the experimental diets was recorded from 47 to 50 d of age, growth performance from weaning to 77 d old and carcass performance at 77 d of age. In the second week after weaning, between days 41 and 50, average daily gain (ADG) and feed intake for the regime including Tiamulin increased by 19 and 7.5% (P<=0.051) compared to those fed C and RK treatments. In this period, animals supplemented with Tiamulin obtained the best feed conversion ratio (FCR) and the highest DM digestibility (P=0.023). Rabbits from RK treatment showed the same DM digestibility than those from the C group, but an intermediate FCR between TI and C rabbits. The retrieval of Tiamulin from the diet after day 62 and until day 77 led to a decrease in ADG of the rabbits, which was lower than for animals receiving RK (P=0.007), while C animals had intermediate growth traits. It resulted that for the whole fattening period, treatments had no effect on ADG, feed intake and FCR (32.1 and 143 g/d and 4.13 g/g, respectively). Overall mortality rates and dressing out percentage were also similar among treatments (26.6 and 59.8%, respectively).Haj Ayed, M.; Ben Saïd, B. (2008). Effect of Tiamulin or Rescue-kit(R) on diet utilisation, growth and carcass yield of growing rabbits. World Rabbit Science. 16(3). doi:10.4995/wrs.2008.62716

Thérapies traditionnelles aux Comores

Cet article présente un tableau général des divers moyens de protection des dangers et de guérison des maux, mis en oeuvre dans la société comorienne. Islamisée de façon continue depuis des siècles, cette société développe aussi une vision populaire du monde et des pratiques magico-religieuses plus ou moins tolérées par l'indulgence de l'islam local. Religion et pratiques populaires ont été elles-mêmes apportées par des groupes de population d'origine africaine, indonésienne, arabe ou malgache, qui ont juxtaposé ou mêlé divers systèmes de représentations. Leurs points communs sont : une vision déterminée d'un monde dominé par des déséquilibres et des concordances à respecter, justifiant l'observance de l'astrologie et le respect d'interdits; un relativisme social qui attribue à l'autre les intentions malveillantes qui ont provoqué le mal, les désordres et les problèmes qui affectent l'être humain, ou sa famille, dans sa vie quotidienne. (Résumé d'auteur

STRONG REPRESENTATION OF THE QUANTILE FUNCTION FOR LEFT TRUNCATED AND DEPENDENT DATA

International audienceLet (X i) i≥1 be a sequence of strong-mixing random variables with common unknown absolutely continuous distribution function F subject to random left truncation. Let F −1 (p) denote the pth (p ∈]0, 1[) quantile function of the marginal distribution function of the X i 's which is estimated by the sample quantile F −1 n (p). In this paper, we derive the strong consistency and a strong representation for F −1 n (p), the quantile function of the Lynden-Bell estimator of F for strong-mixing processes

Odd-quadratic Lie superalgebras with a weak filiform module as an odd part

The aim of this work is to study a very special family of odd-quadratic Lie superalgebras ${\mathfrak g}={\mathfrak g}_{\bar 0}\oplus {\mathfrak g}_{\bar 1}$ such that ${\mathfrak g}_{\bar 1}$ is a weak filiform ${\mathfrak g}_{\bar 0}$-module (weak filiform type). We introduce this concept after having proved that the unique non-zero odd-quadratic Lie superalgebra $({\mathfrak g},B)$ with ${\mathfrak g}_{\bar 1}$ a filiform ${\mathfrak g}_{\bar 0}$-module is the abelian $2$-dimensional Lie superalgebra ${\mathfrak g}={\mathfrak g}_{\bar 0} \oplus {\mathfrak g}_{\bar 1}$ such that \mbox{{\rm dim }}{\mathfrak g}_{\bar 0}=\mbox{{\rm dim }}{\mathfrak g}_{\bar 1}=1. Let us note that in this context the role of the center of ${\mathfrak g}$ is crucial. Thus, we obtain an inductive description of odd-quadratic Lie superalgebras of weak filiform type via generalized odd double extensions. Moreover, we obtain the classification, up to isomorphism, for the smallest possible dimensions, that is, six and eight

Aspergillus fumigatus stimulates the NLRP3 inflammasome through a pathway requiring ROS production and the Syk tyrosine kinase

Invasive aspergillosis (IA) is a life-threatening disease that occurs in immunodepressed patients when infected with Aspergillus fumigatus. This fungus is the second most-common causative agent of fungal disease after Candida albicans. Nevertheless, much remains to be learned about the mechanisms by which A. fulmigatus activates the innate immune system. We investigated the inflammatory response to conidia and hyphae of A. fumigatus and specifically, their capacity to trigger activation of an inflammasome. Our results show that in contrast to conidia, hyphal fragments induce NLRP3 inflammasome assembly, caspase-1 activation and IL-1β release from a human monocyte cell line. The ability of Aspergillus hyphae to activate the NLRP3 inflammasome in the monocytes requires K+ efflux and ROS production. In addition, our data show that NLRP3 inflammasome activation as well as pro-IL-1β expression relies on the Syk tyrosine kinase, which is downstream from the pathogen recognition receptor Dectin-1, reinforcing the importance of Dectin-1 in the innate immune response against fungal infection. Furthermore, we show that treatment of monocytes with corticosteroids inhibits transcription of the gene encoding IL-1β. Thus, our data demonstrate that the innate immune response against A. fumigatus infection involves a two step activation process, with a first signal promoting expression and synthesis of pro-IL-1β; and a second signal, involving Syk-induced activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and caspase-1, allowing processing and secretion of the mature cytokine

Shear strength properties of wet granular materials

We investigate shear strength properties of wet granular materials in the pendular state (i.e. the state where the liquid phase is discontinuous) as a function of water content. Sand and glass beads were wetted and tested in a direct shear cell and under various confining pressures. In parallel, we carried out three-dimensional molecular dynamics simulations by using an explicit equation expressing capillary force as a function of interparticle distance, water bridge volume and surface tension. We show that, due to the peculiar features of capillary interactions, the major influence of water content over the shear strength stems from the distribution of liquid bonds. This property results in shear strength saturation as a function of water content. We arrive at the same conclusion by a microscopic analysis of the shear strength. We propose a model that accounts for the capillary force, the granular texture and particle size polydispersity. We find fairly good agreement of the theoretical estimate of the shear strength with both experimental data and simulations. From numerical data, we analyze the connectivity and anisotropy of different classes of liquid bonds according to the sign and level of the normal force as well as the bond direction. We find that weak compressive bonds are almost isotropically distributed whereas strong compressive and tensile bonds have a pronounced anisotropy. The probability distribution function of normal forces is exponentially decreasing for strong compressive bonds, a decreasing power-law function over nearly one decade for weak compressive bonds and an increasing linear function in the range of tensile bonds. These features suggest that different bond classes do not play the same role with respect to the shear strength.Comment: 12 page

Structural and elastic properties of BiOCu0.875S with Cu vacancies : A First principles study

The  structural and elastic properties of BiOCu0.875S with Cu vacancies have been investigated by using the first-principles density functional theory within the generalized gradient approximation. Population  analysis  suggests  that  the  chemical  bonding  in  BiOCu0.875S  has  predominantly  ionic  character  with  mixed covalent−ionic character. Basic physical properties, such as lattice constant, elastic constants Cij, bulk modulus B, shear modulus G, were calculated.  The  elastic  modulus E and  Poisson  ratio ν  the ratio B/G, shear anisotropy  and elastic anisotropy βc/βa  were  also  predicted.  The  results  show  that  tetragonal  phase  BiOCu0.875S  is mechanically stable and behaves in a ductile manner.