WARTOŚĆ TECHNOLOGICZNA PSZENICY JAREJ ODMIANY ZEBRA W ZALEŻNOŚCI OD SPOSOBU APLIKACJI AZOTU I MAGNEZU

A significant increase in grain yield was observed following soil fertilization with nitrogen up to the level of 90 kg·ha-1, independently of foliar fertilization. Among the examined variants of foliar fertilization on average, the significantly highest grain yield was obtained in the objects in which nitrogen and magnesium were administered in parallel. Within the entire range of nitrogen doses administered to soil, a moderately significant increase was noted in total protein content, to the level of 90 kg N·ha-1 a moderately increased content of wet gluten, sedimentation ratio and bread volume were recorded and following application of 60 kg N·ha-1 an increase in water absorbability of flour was observed. Independently of the soil fertilization with nitrogen, the most favourable of the studied variants of foliar fertilization for principal parameters of baking value proved to be a parallel application of nitrogen and magnesium or administration of nitrogen only.Istotny wzrost plonu ziarna stwierdzono po zastosowaniu doglebowo dawki azotu do poziomu 90 kg·ha-1, niezależnie od nawożenia dolistnego. Spośród badanych wariantów nawożenia dolistnego średnio istotnie najwyższy plon ziarna uzyskano na obiektach, gdzie zastosowano łącznie azot i magnez. Stwierdzono, w całym zakresie zastosowanych doglebowo dawek azotu, średnio istotny wzrost zawartości białka ogólnego, do poziomu 90 kg N·ha-1 średnio istotny wzrost zawartości mokrego glutenu, wskaźnika sedymentacji i objętości pieczywa, a po zastosowaniu 60 kg N·ha- 1 wodochłonności mąki. Najkorzystniejszym spośród badanych wariantów nawożenia dolistnego, niezależnie od zastosowanego doglebowo nawożenia azotem, dla najważniejszych wyróżników wartości wypiekowej okazało się łączne zastosowanie azotu i magnezu lub tylko azotu

TECHNOLOGICAL VALUE OF SPRING WHEAT OF ZEBRA CULTIVAR AS RELATED TO THE WAY OF NITROGEN AND MAGNESIUM APPLICATION

A significant increase in grain yield was observed following soil fertilization with nitrogen up to the level of 90 kg·ha-1, independently of foliar fertilization. Among the examined variants of foliar fertilization on average, the significantly highest grain yield was obtained in the objects in which nitrogen and magnesium were administered in parallel. Within the entire range of nitrogen doses administered to soil, a moderately significant increase was noted in total protein content, to the level of 90 kg N·ha-1 a moderately increased content of wet gluten, sedimentation ratio and bread volume were recorded and following application of 60 kg N·ha-1 an increase in water absorbability of flour was observed. Independently of the soil fertilization with nitrogen, the most favourable of the studied variants of foliar fertilization for principal parameters of baking value proved to be a parallel application of nitrogen and magnesium or administration of nitrogen only

Zawartość węgla ogółem oraz przyswajalnych form fosforu, potasu i magnezu w glebie w zależności od dawki i formy siarki

The reduction of sulphur emissions achieved over the last 20 years has led to sulphur deficit in soil, which decreases crop yields and deteriorated yield quality. Sulphur fertilisation affects both plants and physicochemical soil properties. The total carbon content in soil affects the capacity and quality of the sorption complex, which in turn determines the buffer capacity. The content of available forms of phosphorus, potassium and magnesium in soil has strong influence on the soil fertility. The uptake with yield and the acidification of soil, which intensifies the processes of retardation and nutrient leaching, result in depletion of those nutrients in soil. In 2005-2007, an experiment was carried out at the Experiment Station of the Faculty of Agriculture and Biotechnology, the University of Technology and Life Sciences in Bydgoszcz, to assess the effect of sulphur fertilisation on the content of total carbon and available forms of phosphorus, potassium and magnesium in soil. Sulphur fertilisation was applied in the ionic form, i.e. sodium sulphate (VI), and in the elemental form. The rates were 0, 20, 40, 60 kg S ha–1. The results demonstrated that increasing sulphur rates considerably decreased the content of available forms of phosphorus, potassium and magnesium in soil. A significant increase was also found in the total carbon content in soil after fertilisation with 20 and 40 S kg ha–1 . Interestingly, the organic carbon content in soil clearly depended on the form of applied sulphur: sulphate (VI) or elemental

Oddziaływanie dawki azotu i cynku na akumulację cynku i miedzi w ziarnie pszenżyta jarego odmiany Kargo

Modest stand requirements, high yielding potential and high nutritive value have made triticale an alternative crop to other cereals in Poland. The grain of that cereal is mostly used for making animal feed, although it can also be processed by the food industry. Triticale yields and the quality of grain are largely determined by agro-technical factors, including mineral fertilisation. Over the recent years, more attention has been attracted to the favourable effect of cereal fertilisation with microelements, especially more intensive nitrogen nutrition. In 2005–2007, a two-factor field experiment in a split-plot design was set up at the Agricultural Experimental Station in Minikowo, which belongs to the University of Technology and Life Sciences in Bydgoszcz. The aim of the paper was to evaluate the effect of different nitrogen rates and foliar zinc application on the content of zinc and copper in grain of cv. Kargo spring triticale. The plots, 20 m2 each, were treated with two nitrogen fertilisation rates (factor I, n=2): 80 kg N ha–1 (N80) and 120 kg N ha–1 (N120) and three zinc fertilisation rates (factor II, n=3): Zn0 (without zinc), Zn1 (0.1 kg ha–1) and Zn2 (0.3 kg ha–1) against fixed, pre-sowing phosphorus and potassium fertilisation. It was found that the rate of 120 kg N ha–1 resulted in a significant increase in the zinc content and a decrease in the copper concentration in grain of the cultivar Kargo spring triticale, as compared with the treatment which received 80 kg N ha–1. Foliar zinc application, in all the rates applied, resulted in a significant increase in the zinc content and a decrease in the copper concentration in spring triticale grain.Niewielkie wymagania w stosunku do stanowiska, duży potencjał plonowania i wysoka wartość pokarmowa spowodowały, że pszenżyto stanowi alternatywę dla uprawy innych zbóż w Polsce. Ziarno tego zboża wykorzystywane jest przede wszystkim na cele pastewne, ale może być również stosowane w przemyśle spożywczym. Plonowanie i jakość ziarna pszenżyta są determinowane w dużym stopniu czynnikami agrotechnicznymi, w tym nawożeniem mineralnym. W ostatnich latach coraz większą uwagę zwraca się na korzystny wpływ nawożenia zbóż mikroelementami, szczególnie w przypadku intensyfikacji nawożenia azotem. W latach 2005-2007 w Rolniczym Zakładzie Doświadczalnym Uniwersytetu Technologiczno-Przyrodniczego w Minikowie przeprowadzono dwuczynnikowe doświadczenie polowe, założone metodą losowanych podbloków. Celem pracy była ocena wpływu zróżnicowanych dawek azotu i dolistnej aplikacji cynku na zawartość cynku i miedzi w ziarnie pszenżyta jarego odmiany Kargo. Na poletkach o powierzchni 20 m2 zastosowano dwa poziomy nawożenia azotem (I czynnik, n=2): 80 kg N ha-1 (N80) i 120 kg N ha-1 (N120) i trzy poziomy nawożenia cynkiem (II czynnik, n=3): Zn0 (bez cynku), Zn1 (0,1 kg ha-1) i Zn2 (0,3 kg ha-1) na tle stałego przedsiewnego nawożenia fosforem i potasem. W wyniku badań stwierdzono, że dawka 120 kg N ha-1 istotnie wpłynęła na wzrost zawartości cynku oraz zmniejszenie koncentracji miedzi w ziarnie pszenżyta jarego odmiany Kargo, w porównaniu z obiektem, gdzie stosowano 80 kg N ha-1. Dolistna aplikacja cynku, w całym zakresie stosowanych dawek, powodowała istotny wzrost zawartości cynku i zmniejszenie koncentracji miedzi w ziarnie pszenżyta jarego

Evaluation of light soil fertility after the application of organic waste and manure

W pracy przedstawiono wstępną ocenę przydatności kondycjonera glebowego do poprawy wybranych wskaźników żyzności gleby lekkiej i porównanie jego wpływu z działaniem obornika i pomiotu kurzego. W skład kondycjonera wchodziły odpady pochodzące z ubojni drobiu. Stwierdzono, że kondycjoner glebowy oraz obornik i pomiot kurzy wpływały na wzrost zawartości węgla organicznego, azotu ogółem, a także przyswajalnych form fosforu, potasu i magnezu w glebie. Natomiast wartości pH określone po zastosowaniu badanego kondycjonera, obornika i pomiotu kurzego nie spowodowały zmiany klasyfikacji gleb pod względem odczynu.The paper presents a preliminary assessment of the soil conditioner applicability to improve selected light soil fertility indicators and a comparison of its influence with the impact of manure and chicken litter. The soil conditioner contained poultry slaughterhouse waste products. It was found that the soil conditioner as well as the manure and chicken litter increased the content of organic carbon, total nitrogen as well as available forms of phosphorus, potassium and magnesium in soil, while pH values determined after the use of the conditioner, manure and chicken litter did not change the soil classification as far as the pH reaction was concerned

Effect of nitrogen fertilization on winter wheat quality

A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of nitrogen fertilizer applications on some quality components of wheat. For winter wheat genotypes (Ana Morava, Vizija, L-3027 and Perla) were grown at Small Grains Research Centre Kragujevac in three years (2005–2007) at three levels of nitrogen fertilization (N1 = 60 kg N ha−1, N2 = 90 kg N ha−1 and N3 = 120 kg N ha−1). Zeleny sedimentation value and wet gluten content in divergent wheat genotypes were analyzed in depending on the nitrogen nutrition and years. Nitrogen fertilization significantly increased sedimentation value and wet gluten content. The highest increasing of both traits established in N3 variant when applied 120 kg ha−1 of nitrogen. Genotypes reacted differently to N level increasing. Cultivar Perla had the highest value of sedimentation and wet gluten content and this cultivar the best reacted to increasing N levels. Statistically significant differences for sedimentation value and wet gluten content were found among cultivars, years, N-doses and for all their interactions. The results have shown that the best quality of wheat was with nitrogen applied of 120 kg N ha−1. Correlation between nitrogen applications and sedimentation value was significant (r = 0.208*), while between N-doses and wet gluten content was high significant (r = 0.290**). Sedimentation value and wet gluten content positively correlated (r = 0.783**)