142 research outputs found

    Étude calorimétrique à 250 °C de la titration oxygène-hydrogène du platine déposé sur alumine γ

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    La titration O2 — H2 et H2 — O2 du platine déposé sur alumine γ a été étudiée par microcalorimétrie à 250 °C. La stœchiométrie des équations de titration est la même qu’à 40 °C bien que la thermicité de ces réactions soit différente :[math] (2) [math] (3)ΔHmoyen = — 69 Kcal/mole (2) ΔHmoyen = —53 Kcal/mole. (3) Ces résultats ne peuvent s’expliquer qu’en supposant une chaleur d’adsorption d’hydrogène plus forte à 250 qu’à 40 °C, ce qui a été effectivement vérifié sur platine non oxydé (ΔΗθ→0 = — 42 Kcal/mole H2 au lieu de — 28 Kcal/mole H2 à 40 °C). Les espèces Pt — H et Pt — O engendrées au cours de la titration sont les mêmes que celles résultant d’une adsorption d’oxygène ou d’hydrogène sur une surface de platine nu. La chaleur d’adsorption de l’eau produite au cours de la titration (+ 23,5 Kcal/mole H2O) est en bon accord avec celle obtenue lors de l’action de l’eau sur alumine γ

    Infrared study of nitrogen monoxide adsorption on palladium ion-exchanged ZSM-5 catalysts

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    SSCI-VIDE+ATARI:CARE+CDS:PGEInternational audienceThe adsorption of NO at room temperature on a H-ZSM-5 catalyst exchanged with Pd(NH3)(4)(2+) complex and activated in oxygen at 773 K has been examined by FTIR spectroscopy. After the oxidizing treatment, the Pd tetrammine complex decomposed into Pd(II) ions and/or Pd(II) hydroxyl complexes dispersed in the zeolite channels. The subsequent adsorption of NO at room temperature led to the reduction of Pd(II) to Pd(I) entities, resulting in the formation and adsorption of NO2 on H-ZSM-5. The Pd(I) entities were shown to adsorb NO and form mononitrosyl complexes dispersed in the zeolite porosity and characterized by a single infrared absorption band at 1881 cm(-1). The Pd(I) mononitrosyl complex was shown to reversibly coordinate water and NO2 molecules. The resulting nitrosyl complex was characterized by a single NO vibration band at 1836 cm(-1)

    Préparation par voie sol-gel de catalyseurs Pt/Al

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    Le catalyseur Pt/Al2O3 a été synthétisé par voie sol-gel à partir du butylate secondaire d’aluminium et d’acétylacétonate de platine dans l’isobutanol. Les processus d’hydrolyse et de condensation sont assurés par ajout d’acide acétique.La stabilité thermique des particules métalliques ainsi que l’activité catalytique dans la combustion de l’éthane ont été étudiées. Les résultats ont montré qu’une calcination préalable du catalyseur entre 500 et 800°C améliore la dispersion métallique probablement par migration des particules de platine encapsulés dans la matrice de l’alumine vers la surface. L’amélioration de la dispersion et le grossissement simultané des particules de platine favorisent la rupture de la liaison C-C exaltant les propriétés catalytiques dans la combustion de l’éthane

    Catalytic reduction of nitric oxide by methane in the presence of oxygen on palladium-exchanged mordenite zeolites

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    SSCI-VIDE+ATARI:CARE+CDS:PGEInternational audiencePd was introduced by exchange in non-dealuminated and dealuminated mordenites. After activation under oxygen at 500 degrees C, NO adsorption revealed the presence of isolated Pd2+ ions and Pd/PdO particles. Two types of Pd ions were shown: the first one would be located in the small cavities and leads to the formation of dinitrosyl complexes, whereas the second one, probably sitting in the main channels, is responsible for the obtainment of mononitrosyl complexes. Pd/PdO particles are active in the direct combustion of CH4 by oxygen and poorly active in the selective reduction (SCR) of NO. Pd ions are active for the NO SCR; the ions in the main channels are thought to be more active than the ions in the small cavities for accessibility reasons. In the case of the non-dealuminated mordenite catalyst, an activation under reactants is observed. Moreover, the activity is increased by the addition of 10 vol% water which is the opposite of the classical behavior of metal-loaded zeolites. Both phenomena are attributed to a migration of Pd ions from hidden to accessible sites. For the dealuminated sample, the observed deactivation seems to be due to a migration of isolated Pd ions into PdO particles located outside the zeolite matrix. (C) 1998 Academic Press

    Palladium-exchanged MFI-type zeolites in the catalytic reduction of nitrogen monoxide by methane - Influence of the Si/Al ratio on the activity and the hydrothermal stability

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    SSCI-VIDE+ATARI:CARE+CDS:PGEInternational audiencePd-exchanged MFI-type zeolites containing 3.7 and 0.7 framework aluminium atoms per unit cell (corresponding to Si/Al ratios of 25 and 131) were found active in the selective reduction of nitrogen monoxide in the presence of excess oxygen. Upon steaming at 800 degrees C, both catalysts exhibited the total loss of their catalytic activity in the reduction of NO. Such a behaviour was ascribed to the complete aggregation of Pd ions into large metal particles on the external surface of the zeolite crystals. Both supports, although maintaining their crystallinity, are shown to experience extended dealumination upon steaming. Although the loss of Pd exchange capacity could partially explain the Pd migration and sintering, a mechanism involving the formation of mobile Pd hydroxyl entities condensing into PdO particles outside the zeolite crystallites is preferred. (C) 1997 Elsevier Science B.V

    NOx reduction catalysts for natural gas vehicles at lean burn conditions

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    SSCI-VIDE+CARE+CDSInternational audienceNon

    NOx reduction catalysts for natural gas vehicles at lean burn conditions

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    SSCI-VIDE+CARE+CDSInternational audienceNon
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