28,943 research outputs found
Electron Cotunneling into a Kondo Lattice
Motivated by recent experimental interest in tunneling into heavy electron
materials, we present a theory for electron tunneling into a Kondo lattice. The
passage of an electron into the Kondo lattice is accompanied by a simultaneous
spin flip of the localized moments via cotunneling mechanism. We compute the
tunneling current with the large- mean field theory. In the absence of
disorder, differential tunneling conductance exhibits two peaks separated by
the hybridization gap. Disorder effects lead to the smearing of the gap
resulting in a Fano lineshape.Comment: 4 pages, 2 eps figure
Kondo resonance narrowing in d- and f-electron systems
By developing a simple scaling theory for the effect of Hund's interactions
on the Kondo effect, we show how an exponential narrowing of the Kondo
resonance develops in magnetic ions with large Hund's interaction. Our theory
predicts an exponential reduction of the Kondo temperature with spin S of the
Hund's coupled moment, a little-known effect first observed in d-electron
alloys in the 1960's, and more recently encountered in numerical calculations
on multi-band Hubbard models with Hund's interactions. We discuss the
consequences of Kondo resonance narrowing for the Mott transition in d-band
materials, particularly iron pnictides, and the narrow ESR linewidth recently
observed in ferromagnetically correlated f-electron materials.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure
Can Frustration Preserve a Quasi-Two-Dimensional Spin Fluid?
Using spin-wave theory, we show that geometric frustration fails to preserve
a two-dimensional spin fluid. Even though frustration can remove the interlayer
coupling in the ground-state of a classical anti-ferromagnet, spin layers
innevitably develop a quantum-mechanical coupling via the mechanism of ``order
from disorder''. We show how the order from disorder coupling mechanism can be
viewed as a result of magnon pair tunneling, a process closely analogous to
pair tunneling in the Josephson effect. In the spin system, the Josephson
coupling manifests itself as a a biquadratic spin coupling between layers, and
for quantum spins, these coupling terms are as large as the inplane coupling.
An alternative mechanism for decoupling spin layers occurs in classical XY
models in which decoupled "sliding phases" of spin fluid can form in certain
finely tuned conditions. Unfortunately, these finely tuned situations appear
equally susceptible to the strong-coupling effects of quantum tunneling,
forcing us to conclude that in general, geometric frustration cannot preserve a
two-dimensional spin fluid.Comment: 12 pages, 3 figure
On Soliton Automorphisms in Massive and Conformal Theories
For massive and conformal quantum field theories in 1+1 dimensions with a
global gauge group we consider soliton automorphisms, viz. automorphisms of the
quasilocal algebra which act like two different global symmetry transformations
on the left and right spacelike complements of a bounded region. We give a
unified treatment by providing a necessary and sufficient condition for the
existence and Poincare' covariance of soliton automorphisms which is applicable
to a large class of theories. In particular, our construction applies to the
QFT models with the local Fock property -- in which case the latter property is
the only input from constructive QFT we need -- and to holomorphic conformal
field theories. In conformal QFT soliton representations appear as twisted
sectors, and in a subsequent paper our results will be used to give a rigorous
analysis of the superselection structure of orbifolds of holomorphic theories.Comment: latex2e, 20 pages. Proof of Thm. 3.14 corrected, 2 references added.
Final version as to appear in Rev. Math. Phy
Phenomenological Transport Equation for the Cuprate Metals
We observe that the appearance of two transport relaxation times in the
various transport coefficients of cuprate metals may be understood in terms of
scattering processes that discriminate between currents that are even, or odd
under the charge conjugation operator. We develop a transport equation that
illustrates these ideas and discuss its experimental and theoretical
consequences.Comment: Replaced with journal ref. Latex+ p
Three-Body Encounters of Black Holes in Globular Clusters
Evidence has been mounting for the existence of black holes with masses from
10^2 to 10^4 M_Solar associated with stellar clusters. Such intermediate-mass
black holes (IMBHs) will encounter other black holes in the dense cores of
these clusters. The binaries produced in these interactions will be perturbed
by other objects as well thus changing the orbital characteristics of the
binaries. These binaries and their subsequent mergers due to gravitational
radiation are important sources of gravitational waves. We present the results
of numerical simulations of high mass ratio encounters, which help clarify the
interactions of intermediate-mass black holes in globular clusters and help
determine what types of detectable gravitational wave signatures are likely.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures to appear in the proceedings of The Astrophysics
of Gravitational Wave Sources, College Park, MD, 24-26 April 200
Diagrammatic perturbation theory and the pseudogap
We study a model of quasiparticles on a two-dimensional square lattice
coupled to Gaussian distributed dynamical fields. The model describes
quasiparticles coupled to spin or charge fluctuations and is solved by a Monte
Carlo sampling of the molecular field distributions. The non-perturbative
solution is compared to various approximations based on diagrammatic
perturbation theory. When the molecular field correlations are sufficiently
weak, the diagrammatic calculations capture the qualitative aspects of the
quasiparticle spectrum. For a range of model parameters near the magnetic
boundary, we find that the quasiparticle spectrum is qualitatively different
from that of a Fermi liquid in that it shows a double peak structure, and that
the diagrammatic approximations we consider fail to reproduce, even
qualitatively, the results of the Monte Carlo calculations. This suggests that
the pseudogap induced by a coupling to antiferromagnetic fluctuations and the
spin-splitting of the quasiparticle peak induced by a coupling to ferromagnetic
spin-fluctuations lie beyond diagrammatic perturbation theory
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