30 research outputs found
Quantum Monte Carlo Algorithm Based on Two-Body Density Functional Theory for Fermionic Many-Body Systems: Application to 3He
We construct a quantum Monte Carlo algorithm for interacting fermions using
the two-body density as the fundamental quantity. The central idea is mapping
the interacting fermionic system onto an auxiliary system of interacting
bosons. The correction term is approximated using correlated wave functions for
the interacting system, resulting in an effective potential that represents the
nodal surface. We calculate the properties of 3He and find good agreement with
experiment and with other theoretical work. In particular, our results for the
total energy agree well with other calculations where the same approximations
were implemented but the standard quantum Monte Carlo algorithm was usedComment: 4 pages, 3 figures, 1 tabl
Response of thin-film SQUIDs to applied fields and vortex fields: Linear SQUIDs
In this paper we analyze the properties of a dc SQUID when the London
penetration depth \lambda is larger than the superconducting film thickness d.
We present equations that govern the static behavior for arbitrary values of
\Lambda = \lambda^2/d relative to the linear dimensions of the SQUID. The
SQUID's critical current I_c depends upon the effective flux \Phi, the magnetic
flux through a contour surrounding the central hole plus a term proportional to
the line integral of the current density around this contour. While it is well
known that the SQUID inductance depends upon \Lambda, we show here that the
focusing of magnetic flux from applied fields and vortex-generated fields into
the central hole of the SQUID also depends upon \Lambda. We apply this
formalism to the simplest case of a linear SQUID of width 2w, consisting of a
coplanar pair of long superconducting strips of separation 2a, connected by two
small Josephson junctions to a superconducting current-input lead at one end
and by a superconducting lead at the other end. The central region of this
SQUID shares many properties with a superconducting coplanar stripline. We
calculate magnetic-field and current-density profiles, the inductance
(including both geometric and kinetic inductances), magnetic moments, and the
effective area as a function of \Lambda/w and a/w.Comment: 18 pages, 20 figures, revised for Phys. Rev. B, the main revisions
being to denote the effective flux by \Phi rather than
Progress in Monte Carlo calculations of Fermi systems: normal liquid 3He
The application of the diffusion Monte Carlo method to a strongly interacting
Fermi system as normal liquid He is explored. We show that the fixed-node
method together with the released-node technique and a systematic method to
analytically improve the nodal surface constitute an efficient strategy to
improve the calculation up to a desired accuracy. This methodology shows
unambiguously that backflow correlations, when properly optimized, are enough
to generate an equation of state of liquid He in excellent agreement with
experimental data from equilibrium up to freezing.Comment: 14 pages, 3 eps figure
Monte Carlo Analysis of a New Interatomic Potential for He
By means of a Quadratic Diffusion Monte Carlo method we have performed a
comparative analysis between the Aziz potential and a revised version of it.
The results demonstrate that the new potential produces a better description of
the equation of state for liquid He. In spite of the improvement in the
description of derivative magnitudes of the energy, as the pressure or the
compressibility, the energy per particle which comes from this new potential is
lower than the experimental one. The inclusion of three-body interactions,
which give a repulsive contribution to the potential energy, makes it feasible
that the calculated energy comes close to the experimental result.Comment: 36 pages, LaTex, 11 PostScript figures include
Anisotropic Condensation of Helium in Nanotube Bundles
Helium atoms are strongly attracted to the interstitial channels within a
bundle of carbon nanotubes. The strong corrugation of the axial potential
within a channel can produce a lattice gas system where the weak mutual
attraction between atoms in neighboring channels of a bundle induces
condensation into a remarkably anisotropic phase with very low binding energy.
We estimate the binding energy and critical temperature for 4He in this novel
quasi-one-dimensional condensed state. At low temperatures, the specific heat
of the adsorbate phase (fewer than 2% of the total number of atoms) greatly
exceeds that of the host material.Comment: 8 pages, 3 figures, submitted to PRL (corrected typo in abstract
Concentration Dependence of the Effective Mass of He-3 Atoms in He-3/He-4 Mixtures
Recent measurements by Yorozu et al. (S. Yorozu, H. Fukuyama, and H.
Ishimoto, Phys. Rev. B 48, 9660 (1993)) as well as by Simons and Mueller (R.
Simons and R. M. Mueller, Czhechoslowak Journal of Physics Suppl. 46, 201
(1976)) have determined the effective mass of He-3 atoms in a He-3/He-4 mixture
with great accuracy. We here report theoretical calculations for the dependence
of that effective mass on the He-3 concentration. Using correlated basis
functions perturbation theory to infinite order to compute effective
interactions in the appropriate channels, we obtain good agreement between
theory and experiment.Comment: 4 pages, 1 figur
Single Particle and Fermi Liquid Properties of He-3/--He-4 Mixtures: A Microscopic Analysis
We calculate microscopically the properties of the dilute He-3 component in a
He-3/--He-4 mixture. These depend on both, the dominant interaction between the
impurity atom and the background, and the Fermi liquid contribution due to the
interaction between the constituents of the He-3 component. We first calculate
the dynamic structure function of a He-3 impurity atom moving in He-3. From
that we obtain the excitation spectrum and the momentum dependent effective
mass. The pole strength of this excitation mode is strongly reduced from the
free particle value in agreement with experiments; part of the strength is
distributed over high frequency excitations. Above k > 1.7^{-1}$ the
motion of the impurity is damped due to the decay into a roton and a low energy
impurity mode. Next we determine the Fermi--Liquid interaction between He-4
atoms and calculate the pressure-- and concentration dependence of the
effective mass, magnetic susceptibility, and the He-3--He-3 scattering phase
shifts. The calculations are based on a dynamic theory that uses, as input,
effective interactions provided by the Fermi hypernetted--chain theory. The
relationship between both theories is discussed. Our theoretical effective
masses agree well with recent measurements by Yorozu et al. (Phys. Rev. B 48,
9660 (1993)) as well as those by R. Simons and R. M. Mueller (Czekoslowak
Journal of Physics Suppl. 46, 201 (1996)), but our analysis suggests a new
extrapolation to the zero-concentration limit. With that effective mass we also
find a good agreement with the measured Landau parameter F_0^a.Comment: 47 pages, 15 figure
Structural and dynamical properties of superfluid helium: a density functional approach
We present a novel density functional for liquid 4He, properly accounting for
the static response function and the phonon-roton dispersion in the uniform
liquid. The functional is used to study both structural and dynamical
properties of superfluid helium in various geometries. The equilibrium
properties of the free surface, droplets and films at zero temperature are
calculated. Our predictions agree closely to the results of ab initio Monte
Carlo calculations, when available. The introduction of a phenomenological
velocity dependent interaction, which accounts for backflow effects, is
discussed. The spectrum of the elementary excitations of the free surface and
films is studied.Comment: 37 pages, REVTeX 3.0, figures on request at [email protected]