Pedaling out of poverty: Social impact of a manual irrigation technology in South Asia.

Irrigation management / Treadle pump / Treadle pump technology / Technology transfer / Manual pumps / Water lifting / Low lift pumps / Aquifers / Poverty / Irrigated farming / Social impact / Income / Marketing / Pricing / South Asia / India / Bangladesh / Nepal

Crystal structure of 10-[(3-oxo-3H-benzo[f]chromen-1-yl)methyl]-2-trifluoromethyl-9a,10-dihydrobenz[4,5]imidazo[1,2-a]pyrimidin-4(5aH)-one

Crystal structure of 10-[(3-oxo-3H-benzo[f]chromen-1-yl)methyl]-2-trifluoromethyl-9a,10-dihydrobenz[4,5]imidazo[1,2-a]pyrimidin-4(5aH)-on

A study on clinico etiological spectrum of intestinal obstruction in paediatric age group

Background: Acute intestinal obstruction is very common surgical emergencies in paediatric age. There are many surgical causes for morbidity and mortality in paediatric age group of which intestinal obstruction giving large contribution. In most of studies child survival after surgical procedures for intestinal obstruction was good while the death rates were more when there was delay in presentation, and management. Morbidity, complications and mortalities are more severe when presented late. There is a delay in the initial presentation of intestinal obstruction cases due to various reasons.Methods: Present study enrolled all the patients presenting with signs and symptoms of intestinal obstruction in Paediatric surgery unit of Dept. of surgery of Dr. BRAM Hospital, Raipur (C.G.), India during January 2014 to August 2015. Patients with intestinal obstruction were admitted in paediatric surgery ward with provisional diagnosis of acute intestinal obstruction. Immediately after admission, conservative management started till the hydration and urine output becomes normal. Routine and specific investigations were done.  As the study includes most of cases of acute dynamic intestinal obstruction most of cases after initial resuscitation were managed by appropriate procedures.   Postoperative care was done and outcome of the study was noted.Results: Maximum cases of intestinal obstruction were in neonatal period and least in 5-14 years. Sex ratio is 2.5:1 (male to female). ARM was the major cause of obstruction in neonatal (<1 month) age group. IHPS and Hirschsprung’s disease were most common cause of GI obstruction in 1 month to 1 year age group in our study. 4 of our cases did not have accurate diagnosis and were responded well to conservative management. Most of the patients presented with complain of not passing stool followed by distension of abdomen. 85.94% of cases are congenital in our study. Large gut portion was involved in majority of cases. Overall survival rate was 91.40%.Conclusions: Present study concludes that congenital causes are more common in paediatric intestinal obstruction cases. Early diagnosis and intervention are crucial factors to improve the outcome.

Minimizing Energy Consumption by Task Consolidation in Cloud Centers with Optimized Resource Utilization

Cloud computing is an emerging field of computation. As the data centers consume large amount of power, it increases the system overheads as well as the carbon dioxide emission increases drastically. The main aim is to maximize the resource utilization by minimizing the power consumption. However, the greatest usages of resources does not mean that there has been a right use of energy.  Various resources which are idle, also consumes a significant amount of energy. So we have to keep minimum resources idle. Current studies have shown that the power consumption due to unused computing resources is nearly 1 to 20%. So, the unused resources have been assigned with some of the tasks to utilize the unused period. In the present paper, it has been suggested that the energy saving with task consolidation which has been saved the energy by minimizing the number of idle resources in a cloud computing environment. It has been achieved far-reaching experiments to quantify the performance of the proposed algorithm. The same has also been compared with the FCFSMaxUtil and Energy aware Task Consolidation (ETC) algorithm. The outcomes have shown that the suggested algorithm surpass the FCFSMaxUtil and ETC algorithm in terms of the CPU utilization and energy consumption

Compositional Nutrient Diagnosis (CND) Norms and Indices for Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.)

A survey was conducted in potato fields for collection of leaf samples to establish nutrient concentration yield data bank. The data bank was used for developing multivariate compositional nutrient diagnosis (CND) norms for assessing the nutritional status of selected centres of potato growing fields. The mean N, P and K concentrations were 2.09, 0.25 and 4.16 %, respectively. The mean Ca (1.11%) concentration was twice higher compared to Mg (0.63 %) concentration. The mean values of Zn, Cu, Fe, Mn and B were 43.69, 31.24, 986.71, 192.76 and 59.98 ppm, respectively. The CND norms for V N, V P and V K were 3.04, 0.94 and 3.73, respectively. The norm for Ca (V Ca =2.45) and Mg (V Mg =1.78) were much narrower compared to the absolute nutrient concentration. The norm for V Zn , V Cu , V Fe , V Mn and V B were -3.24, -3.60, -0.23, -1.98 and -2.89 respectively. The multivariate CND norms developed for ten nutrients proved to be an important tool for diagnosis of nutrient imbalance in potato. The nutrient indices developed indicated that Zn was the most common yield-limiting nutrient. The CND norms and the indices developed can be used for identifying the hidden hunger of various nutrients in potato for evolving nutrient management strategies

The admissible tsunamigenic source region of 24 September 2013 land-based earthquake application of backward ray tracing technique

A minor tsunami of about 50 cm was generated along the coast of Qurayat near Makran subduction zone in the Arabian Sea due to the 24 September 2013 Pakistan earthquake of magnitude 7.6 Mw(mB),although its source was ~200 km far inland of the Makran trench. The real time sea level observation network in the Arabian Sea recorded minor tsunami arrivals. In an attempt to explain the mechanism of this unusual tsunami, we use backward ray tracing technique to map the admissible region of tsunamigenic source. Basically, in this technique the ray equations are integrated starting from the specific locations of tsunami observations, in all possible directions. The known travel time of the initial waves to the respective tide gauges and tsunami buoys is used in this method. Backward wave front is constructed by joining all endpoints of the rays from each of the locations. The region where the envelope of all backward wave fronts converges is considered as the source of the tsunami, which is ~470 km from the earthquake epicentre with the location at 24.8 N and 61.5E. The admissible region identified is an undersea section between Chabahar and Gwadar, where a mud island had appeared subsequent to this earthquake. Convergence of the tsunami source zone and location of the mud island suggest that the sudden uplift must have caused the tsunam