THE DAIRY INDUSTRY IN TRANSITION

Livestock Production/Industries,

A FRAMEWORK FOR EVALUATING THE ECONOMIC IMPACT OF CLASSIFIED PRICING OF MILK

The objective of this paper is to analyze the effects of increasing, decreasing, or having no-minimum Class I differentials on regional fluid milk consumption, milk production, prices received by farmers, and the U.S. manufacturing milk price.Demand and Price Analysis,

Possible Optical/Infrared Jet Emission in 4U 1543-47

We have taken optical and infrared observations during the 2002 outburst of the soft X-ray transient, 4U 1543-47. A secondary maximum occurs in the lightcurves during the outburst decline. This feature is much stronger at infrared wavelengths than optical. We have applied single blackbody, multicolor blackbody and broken-power law models to the optical/infrared spectral energy distribution of the secondary maximum and find that the broken power-law provides the best fit. We therefore conclude that the secondary maximum emission originates from a jet. We also show the most recent lightcurves of the 2002/2003 outburst of GX 339-4 in which a secondary maximum appears. This leads us to the conclusion that secondary maxima may be a common occurrence in soft X-ray transients during outburst decline which appear after the object transitions into the low-hard state. Infrared observations of such phenomena will give reliable triggers for multiwavelength observations, allowing us to greatly improve our knowledge of jet formation and behavior, and how this relates to the accretion geometry.Comment: 4 pages, to appear in ``X-Ray Timing 2003: Rossi and Beyond'' conference proceedings, references now visibl

RESTRUCTURING CLASS I PRICES -- SURPLUS MARKET VIEWPOINTS

Marketing,

SOME MAJOR ISSUES AFFECTING MINNESOTA'S COMPETITIVE POSITION IN UNITED STATES AND WORLD DAIRY MARKETS

Livestock Production/Industries,

Reforming the cancer drug fund focus on drugs that might be shown to be cost effective

The Cancer Drug Fund was originally conceived as a temporary measure, until value based pricing for drugs was introduced, to give NHS cancer patients access to drugs not approved by NICE. Spending on these drugs rose from less than the £50m (€63m; $79m) budgeted for the first year in 2010-11 to well over £200m in 2013-14, and the budget for the scheme—now extended for a further two years—will reach £280m by 2016.1 The recent changes to the fund recognise the impossibility, within any sensible budget limit, of providing all the new cancer drugs that offer possible benefit to patients. More radical changes are needed to the working of the fund, given the failure to introduce value based pricing, so that it deals with the underlying problem of inadequate information on the effectiveness and cost effectiveness of new cancer drugs when used in the NHS

SOCIAL COST OF THE DAIRY PRICE SUPPORT PROGRAM

Agricultural and Food Policy,

CAN THE UNITED STATES COMPETE WITH DAIRY EXPORTING NATIONS?

International Relations/Trade,